MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11) / Complete Questions & Correct
MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Detailed Answers (100% Correct)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
1. What is the The National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) receives global weather
function of the data from several world meteorological centers many times each day. The data
National Center are analyzed and plotted, and forecasts are prepared and transmitted to National
for Environmen- Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP).
tal Prediction?
2. How does a Weather watch- Indicates that atmospheric conditions favor hazardous weather
weather watch occurring over a particular region during a specified time period. These hazards
differ from a may or may not actually develop, and their timing and location are uncertain, so
weather warn- a watch simply means be on "watch" for that threat and to be prepared to act if
ing? necessary
Weather Warning- Indicates that the hazard now occurring or imminent is consid-
ered to be a threat to life and/or property (tornadoes, thunderstorms, etc)
3. List at least four Doppler radar, surface weather, maps & upper air winds
tools a weather
forecaster might
use when mak-
ing a short-range
forecast
4. How does a prog Analysis is what is going on right now and a prog is a forecast
differ from an
analysis?
5. In what ways Computer-generated weather forecasts can analyze large quantities of data ex-
have high-speed tremely fast. Each day the many thousands of observations transmitted to NCEP
computers assist- are fed into a high-speed computer, which plots and draws lines on surface
ed the meteo- and upper-air charts. Meteorologists interpret the weather patterns and then
rologist in mak- correct any errors that may be present. The routine daily forecasting of weather
ing weather fore- by the computer has come to be known as numerical weather prediction. To help
casts?
, MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
forecasters handle all the available charts and maps, high-speed data modeling
systems using computers are employed.
6. How are The models are programmed into the computer, and surface and upper-air obser-
computer-gener- vations of temperature, pressure, moisture, winds, and air density are fed into the
ated forecasts equations. To determine how each of these variables will change, each equation
prepared? is solved for a small increment of future time, say, 5 minutes, for a large number
of locations called grid points; each situated a given distance apart. In addition,
each equation is solved for as many as 50 levels in the atmosphere. The results of
these computations are then fed back into the original equations. The computer
again solves the equations with the new "data," thus predicting weather over the
following 5 minutes. The computer then analyzes the data and draws the projected
positions of pressure systems with their isobars or contour lines.
7. What are some Observations over uninhabited regions
of the prob-
lems associat- Weather systems crossing boundaries of models
ed with comput-
Forecasting small scale evens with larger grids
er-model fore-
casts?
8. Suppose that Climatological
where you live,
the middle of
January is typi-
cally several de-
grees warmer
than the rest of
the month. If
you forecast this
"January thaw"
for the middle
, MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
of next Janu-
ary, what type
of weather fore-
cast will you have
made?
9. Describe four Persistence Forecasts- A prediction that future weather will be the same as present
methods of weather
forecasting the
weather and give Steady-state- Surface weather systems tend to move in same direction and at
an example for approximately the same speed as they have been moving, providing no evidence
each one exists to indicate otherwise
Analogue- Relies on the fact that existing features on a weather chart may strongly
resemble features that produced certain weather conditions sometime in the past
Statistical- Known as Model Output Statistics (MOS), these predictions, in effect,
are statistically weighted analogue forecast corrections incorporated into the com-
puter model output
10. How does pat- Patterns recognition aid a forecaster in determining patterns of divergence and
tern recognition convergence aloft, computer progs, comma clouds observed from satellite obser-
aid a forecaster in vations, and Doppler radar observations of precipitation.
making a predic-
tion?
11. How can en- Ensemble forecasting is a technique based on running several forecast models (or
semble forecasts different versions of a single model), each beginning with slightly different weather
improve medi- information to reflect errors in the measurements. If the different versions agree
um-range fore- fairly well, a forecaster can place a high degree of confidence in the forecast. A low
casts? degree of confidence means that the models do not agree.
12.
MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Detailed Answers (100% Correct)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
1. What is the The National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) receives global weather
function of the data from several world meteorological centers many times each day. The data
National Center are analyzed and plotted, and forecasts are prepared and transmitted to National
for Environmen- Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP).
tal Prediction?
2. How does a Weather watch- Indicates that atmospheric conditions favor hazardous weather
weather watch occurring over a particular region during a specified time period. These hazards
differ from a may or may not actually develop, and their timing and location are uncertain, so
weather warn- a watch simply means be on "watch" for that threat and to be prepared to act if
ing? necessary
Weather Warning- Indicates that the hazard now occurring or imminent is consid-
ered to be a threat to life and/or property (tornadoes, thunderstorms, etc)
3. List at least four Doppler radar, surface weather, maps & upper air winds
tools a weather
forecaster might
use when mak-
ing a short-range
forecast
4. How does a prog Analysis is what is going on right now and a prog is a forecast
differ from an
analysis?
5. In what ways Computer-generated weather forecasts can analyze large quantities of data ex-
have high-speed tremely fast. Each day the many thousands of observations transmitted to NCEP
computers assist- are fed into a high-speed computer, which plots and draws lines on surface
ed the meteo- and upper-air charts. Meteorologists interpret the weather patterns and then
rologist in mak- correct any errors that may be present. The routine daily forecasting of weather
ing weather fore- by the computer has come to be known as numerical weather prediction. To help
casts?
, MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
forecasters handle all the available charts and maps, high-speed data modeling
systems using computers are employed.
6. How are The models are programmed into the computer, and surface and upper-air obser-
computer-gener- vations of temperature, pressure, moisture, winds, and air density are fed into the
ated forecasts equations. To determine how each of these variables will change, each equation
prepared? is solved for a small increment of future time, say, 5 minutes, for a large number
of locations called grid points; each situated a given distance apart. In addition,
each equation is solved for as many as 50 levels in the atmosphere. The results of
these computations are then fed back into the original equations. The computer
again solves the equations with the new "data," thus predicting weather over the
following 5 minutes. The computer then analyzes the data and draws the projected
positions of pressure systems with their isobars or contour lines.
7. What are some Observations over uninhabited regions
of the prob-
lems associat- Weather systems crossing boundaries of models
ed with comput-
Forecasting small scale evens with larger grids
er-model fore-
casts?
8. Suppose that Climatological
where you live,
the middle of
January is typi-
cally several de-
grees warmer
than the rest of
the month. If
you forecast this
"January thaw"
for the middle
, MET 121 Final Exam (Chs. 9-11)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hifl8y
of next Janu-
ary, what type
of weather fore-
cast will you have
made?
9. Describe four Persistence Forecasts- A prediction that future weather will be the same as present
methods of weather
forecasting the
weather and give Steady-state- Surface weather systems tend to move in same direction and at
an example for approximately the same speed as they have been moving, providing no evidence
each one exists to indicate otherwise
Analogue- Relies on the fact that existing features on a weather chart may strongly
resemble features that produced certain weather conditions sometime in the past
Statistical- Known as Model Output Statistics (MOS), these predictions, in effect,
are statistically weighted analogue forecast corrections incorporated into the com-
puter model output
10. How does pat- Patterns recognition aid a forecaster in determining patterns of divergence and
tern recognition convergence aloft, computer progs, comma clouds observed from satellite obser-
aid a forecaster in vations, and Doppler radar observations of precipitation.
making a predic-
tion?
11. How can en- Ensemble forecasting is a technique based on running several forecast models (or
semble forecasts different versions of a single model), each beginning with slightly different weather
improve medi- information to reflect errors in the measurements. If the different versions agree
um-range fore- fairly well, a forecaster can place a high degree of confidence in the forecast. A low
casts? degree of confidence means that the models do not agree.
12.
