PHAR 100 Real Exam Questions and Correct Answers (Verified) University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) A+Grade
Which |one |of |the |following |statements |correctly |matches |the |scientist |with |their |drug |discovery?
a. |Paul |Ehrlich |designed |organoarsenicals, |which |selectively |bound |to |parasites, |leading |to |a |cure |for |
syphilis.
b. |Streptomycin |was |introduced |for |the |treatment |of |tuberculosis |by |Alexander |Fleming.
c. |Domagk |discovered |the |first |antibiotic, |penicillin, |during |the |First |World |War.
d. |Sulfa |drugs |were |introduced |into |therapy |by |Waksman |to |treat |bacterial |disea |- |answersa. |Paul |
Ehrlich |designed |organoarsenicals, |which |selectively |bound |to |parasites, |leading |to |a |cure |for |syphilis.
The |sound |and |long-established |way |to |prove |or |disprove |the |value |of |a |new |medication |or |
treatment |is |a |controlled |study. |This |includes:
a. |Patients |are |selected |and |assigned |to |various |test |groups |based |on |their |characteristics.
b. |All |patients |receive |the |new |drug |or |the |control |drug |(gold-standard |or |placebo), |on |alternating |
days.
c. |The |people |who |administer |the |drugs |do |not |know |who |is |receiving |the |new |drug |or |the |control |
drug.
d. |The |outcomes |measured |should |preferably |be |subjective |- |answersc. |The |people |who |administer |
the |drugs |do |not |know |who |is |receiving |the |new |drug |or |the |control |drug.
.
Drug |A |can |only |relieve |pain |of |mild |intensity. |Drug |B, |on |the |other |hand, |relieves |pain |of |very |
marked |intensity. |From |this |information, |one |can |conclude |that:
,a) |Drug |A |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |B.
b) |Drug |B |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |A.
c) |Drug |A |is |more |potent |than |Drug |B.
d) |Drug |B |is |more |potent |than |Drug |- |answersb) |Drug |B |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |A.
The |therapeutic |range |is |best |described |as?
a. |The |maximum |pharmacological |response |that |can |be |produced |by |a |specific |drug |in |that |biological |
system.
b. |The |dose |or |concentration |of |a |drug |that |is |required |to |produce |a |response |of |a |certain |
magnitude, |usually |50% |of |the |maximal |response |for |that |drug.
c. |The |dose |that |is |appropriate |to |treat |most |individuals.
d. |The |range |of |plasma |concentrations |where |the |drug |is |effective |but |toxicities |usually |do |not |occur
|- |answersd. |The |range |of |plasma |concentrations |where |the |drug |is |effective |but |toxicities |usually |do |
not |occur
The |ultra-short |duration |of |action |of |thiopental |is |due |to:
a. |Redistribution |of |the |drug |from |the |brain |to |muscle |and |fat.
b. |Rapid |breakdown |in |the |liver.
c. |Poor |penetration |into |the |brain.
,d. |Rapid |excretion |by |the |kidney |- |answersa. |Redistribution |of |the |drug |from |the |brain |to |muscle |and |
fat.
Penicillin |has |the |ability |to |combine |with |proteins |to |form |antigens, |and |a |small |percentage |of |the |
population |receiving |penicillin |experience |adverse |effects. |These |adverse |effects |are |properly |
classified |as:
a. |An |extension |of |the |therapeutic |effect.
b. |Teratogenesis.
c. |A |drug |allergy.
d. |Drug |addiction |- |answersc. |A |drug |allergy.
The |TD50 |of |a |drug |in |rats |was |found |to |be |50 |milligrams/kilogram. |The |ED50 |of |the |same |drug |in |
rats |was |1 |milligram/kilogram. |From |this |information, |one |can |calculate |that |the |therapeutic |index |of |
the |drug |in |rats |is:
a.0.02
b.50
c.49
d.51 |- |answersb.50
The |primary |excitatory |neurotransmitter |in |the |brain |is:
a. |Acetylcholine
b. |Glutamate
, c. |Norepinephrine
d. |GABA |- |answersb. |Glutamate
Which |one |of |the |following |statements |regarding |neurotransmission
is |correct?
a. |Chemical |transmitters |have |specific |binding |sites |on |the |cell |membrane |called |retinoids.
b. |Chemical |transmission |is |usually |terminated |by |diffusion |of |the |transmitter |out |of |the |synaptic |
cleft.
c. |Chemical |transmission |is |a |slow |process |taking |several |minutes.
d. |Most |synaptic |transmission |is |chemically |mediate |- |answersd. |Most |synaptic |transmission |is |
chemically |mediate
Which |one |of |the |following |substance |dependence |definitions |is |correct?
a. |Tolerance |is |defined |as |a |state |in |which |repeated |administration |of |a |given |dose |of |drug |has |
progressively |greater |pharmacological |response.
b. |Addiction |is |an |abnormal |state |produced |by |repeated |administration |of |a |drug |that |leads |to |the |
appearance |of |a |withdrawal |syndrome |when |the |drug |is |stopped.
c. |Drug |use |is |reinforced |by |the |pleasurable |effect |produced |by |a |drug.
d. |Dependence |rarely |occurs |under |conditions |where |the |drug |is |prescribed |by |a |physician |- |
answersc. |Drug |use |is |reinforced |by |the |pleasurable |effect |produced |by |a |drug.
The |administration |of |amphetamines |can |result |in:
a. |Decreased |state |of |alertness
Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) A+Grade
Which |one |of |the |following |statements |correctly |matches |the |scientist |with |their |drug |discovery?
a. |Paul |Ehrlich |designed |organoarsenicals, |which |selectively |bound |to |parasites, |leading |to |a |cure |for |
syphilis.
b. |Streptomycin |was |introduced |for |the |treatment |of |tuberculosis |by |Alexander |Fleming.
c. |Domagk |discovered |the |first |antibiotic, |penicillin, |during |the |First |World |War.
d. |Sulfa |drugs |were |introduced |into |therapy |by |Waksman |to |treat |bacterial |disea |- |answersa. |Paul |
Ehrlich |designed |organoarsenicals, |which |selectively |bound |to |parasites, |leading |to |a |cure |for |syphilis.
The |sound |and |long-established |way |to |prove |or |disprove |the |value |of |a |new |medication |or |
treatment |is |a |controlled |study. |This |includes:
a. |Patients |are |selected |and |assigned |to |various |test |groups |based |on |their |characteristics.
b. |All |patients |receive |the |new |drug |or |the |control |drug |(gold-standard |or |placebo), |on |alternating |
days.
c. |The |people |who |administer |the |drugs |do |not |know |who |is |receiving |the |new |drug |or |the |control |
drug.
d. |The |outcomes |measured |should |preferably |be |subjective |- |answersc. |The |people |who |administer |
the |drugs |do |not |know |who |is |receiving |the |new |drug |or |the |control |drug.
.
Drug |A |can |only |relieve |pain |of |mild |intensity. |Drug |B, |on |the |other |hand, |relieves |pain |of |very |
marked |intensity. |From |this |information, |one |can |conclude |that:
,a) |Drug |A |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |B.
b) |Drug |B |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |A.
c) |Drug |A |is |more |potent |than |Drug |B.
d) |Drug |B |is |more |potent |than |Drug |- |answersb) |Drug |B |has |greater |efficacy |than |Drug |A.
The |therapeutic |range |is |best |described |as?
a. |The |maximum |pharmacological |response |that |can |be |produced |by |a |specific |drug |in |that |biological |
system.
b. |The |dose |or |concentration |of |a |drug |that |is |required |to |produce |a |response |of |a |certain |
magnitude, |usually |50% |of |the |maximal |response |for |that |drug.
c. |The |dose |that |is |appropriate |to |treat |most |individuals.
d. |The |range |of |plasma |concentrations |where |the |drug |is |effective |but |toxicities |usually |do |not |occur
|- |answersd. |The |range |of |plasma |concentrations |where |the |drug |is |effective |but |toxicities |usually |do |
not |occur
The |ultra-short |duration |of |action |of |thiopental |is |due |to:
a. |Redistribution |of |the |drug |from |the |brain |to |muscle |and |fat.
b. |Rapid |breakdown |in |the |liver.
c. |Poor |penetration |into |the |brain.
,d. |Rapid |excretion |by |the |kidney |- |answersa. |Redistribution |of |the |drug |from |the |brain |to |muscle |and |
fat.
Penicillin |has |the |ability |to |combine |with |proteins |to |form |antigens, |and |a |small |percentage |of |the |
population |receiving |penicillin |experience |adverse |effects. |These |adverse |effects |are |properly |
classified |as:
a. |An |extension |of |the |therapeutic |effect.
b. |Teratogenesis.
c. |A |drug |allergy.
d. |Drug |addiction |- |answersc. |A |drug |allergy.
The |TD50 |of |a |drug |in |rats |was |found |to |be |50 |milligrams/kilogram. |The |ED50 |of |the |same |drug |in |
rats |was |1 |milligram/kilogram. |From |this |information, |one |can |calculate |that |the |therapeutic |index |of |
the |drug |in |rats |is:
a.0.02
b.50
c.49
d.51 |- |answersb.50
The |primary |excitatory |neurotransmitter |in |the |brain |is:
a. |Acetylcholine
b. |Glutamate
, c. |Norepinephrine
d. |GABA |- |answersb. |Glutamate
Which |one |of |the |following |statements |regarding |neurotransmission
is |correct?
a. |Chemical |transmitters |have |specific |binding |sites |on |the |cell |membrane |called |retinoids.
b. |Chemical |transmission |is |usually |terminated |by |diffusion |of |the |transmitter |out |of |the |synaptic |
cleft.
c. |Chemical |transmission |is |a |slow |process |taking |several |minutes.
d. |Most |synaptic |transmission |is |chemically |mediate |- |answersd. |Most |synaptic |transmission |is |
chemically |mediate
Which |one |of |the |following |substance |dependence |definitions |is |correct?
a. |Tolerance |is |defined |as |a |state |in |which |repeated |administration |of |a |given |dose |of |drug |has |
progressively |greater |pharmacological |response.
b. |Addiction |is |an |abnormal |state |produced |by |repeated |administration |of |a |drug |that |leads |to |the |
appearance |of |a |withdrawal |syndrome |when |the |drug |is |stopped.
c. |Drug |use |is |reinforced |by |the |pleasurable |effect |produced |by |a |drug.
d. |Dependence |rarely |occurs |under |conditions |where |the |drug |is |prescribed |by |a |physician |- |
answersc. |Drug |use |is |reinforced |by |the |pleasurable |effect |produced |by |a |drug.
The |administration |of |amphetamines |can |result |in:
a. |Decreased |state |of |alertness
