IUPUI BIOPHYSICAL PROCESSES
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Describe somatic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Arises from bone, joint, muscle,
skin, or connective tissue; usually aching or throbbing in
quality.
Describe visceral pain: - ....ANSWER ...-- Arises from visceral organs, such
as the GI tract and bladder.
- Can be well-localized pain or poorly localized pain
- Described as deep, aching, throbbing
- Usually responsive to non-opioid and/or opioid drugs.
What are some examples of visceral pain? - ....ANSWER ...-Surgical incision,
broken bone
Describe neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-- Abnormal processing of
sensory input by the peripheral or central nervous system.
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,- Described as numbing, hot, burning, shooting, stabbing, sharp, or electric shock-
like
Causes of neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Trauma, inflammation,
metabolic disease (DM), alcoholism, infections of the nervous system, tumors
Treatment for neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Adjuvant analgesics:
- Antidepressants: amitriptyline (Elavil), venlafaxine (Effexor), bupropion
(Wellbutrin),
- Antiseizure drugs: gabapentin (neurontin) and alpha 2 adrenergic agonists
clonidine (Catapres).
Describe acute pain and the signs: - ....ANSWER ...-< 3 months duration
↑ Heart rate
↑ Respiratory rate
↑ Blood pressure
Diaphoresis/pallor
Anxiety, agitation, confusion
Urine retention
Describe chronic pain and the signs: - ....ANSWER ...->3 months duration
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,↓ Physical movement/activity
Fatigue
Withdrawal from others and social interaction
What are the type of pediatric pain scales? - ....ANSWER ...-FLACC
(behavioral)
FACES (self-report)
Numerical rating scale (self-report)
What is the pediatric pain "Gold Standard"? - ....ANSWER ...-The self-
report of pain if the child is developmentally able
The FACES pediatric pain scale is used at what age? - ....ANSWER ...-Age 4,
but may be used at age 3 if the child is developmentally able to self-report pain.
The numeric pain scale is used at what age for children? - ....ANSWER ...-
Use for patients 8 years of age or older if developmentally able, but can be used as
young as 5 years old if they can count and have a concept of values of numbers in
relation to each other.
Name some pediatric nonpharmacologic pain management: -
....ANSWER ...-- Distraction
- Relaxation
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, - Guided imagery
- Cutaneous stimulation
- Containment and swaddling (sleep sacks)
- Non Nutritive sucking (pacifier)
- Kangaroo care
What are examples of NSAIDS? - ....ANSWER ...--
Ibuprofen/Advil/Motrin/Aspirin
-Toradol/Ketorolac
-May cause bleeding, kidney damage!
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can do what in large doses? - ....ANSWER ...-
Harm the liver
Nalbuphine ("Nubain"), Butorphanol, and Tramadol are examples of what type of
medication? - ....ANSWER ...-Mixed opioid agonists/antagonists
What is a pro to using Nalbuphine and Butorphanol for pain instead of regular
opioids? - ....ANSWER ...-Less respiratory depression
What is a drawback of tramadol? - ....ANSWER ...-May potentiate seizures
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Describe somatic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Arises from bone, joint, muscle,
skin, or connective tissue; usually aching or throbbing in
quality.
Describe visceral pain: - ....ANSWER ...-- Arises from visceral organs, such
as the GI tract and bladder.
- Can be well-localized pain or poorly localized pain
- Described as deep, aching, throbbing
- Usually responsive to non-opioid and/or opioid drugs.
What are some examples of visceral pain? - ....ANSWER ...-Surgical incision,
broken bone
Describe neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-- Abnormal processing of
sensory input by the peripheral or central nervous system.
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,- Described as numbing, hot, burning, shooting, stabbing, sharp, or electric shock-
like
Causes of neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Trauma, inflammation,
metabolic disease (DM), alcoholism, infections of the nervous system, tumors
Treatment for neuropathic pain: - ....ANSWER ...-Adjuvant analgesics:
- Antidepressants: amitriptyline (Elavil), venlafaxine (Effexor), bupropion
(Wellbutrin),
- Antiseizure drugs: gabapentin (neurontin) and alpha 2 adrenergic agonists
clonidine (Catapres).
Describe acute pain and the signs: - ....ANSWER ...-< 3 months duration
↑ Heart rate
↑ Respiratory rate
↑ Blood pressure
Diaphoresis/pallor
Anxiety, agitation, confusion
Urine retention
Describe chronic pain and the signs: - ....ANSWER ...->3 months duration
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
,↓ Physical movement/activity
Fatigue
Withdrawal from others and social interaction
What are the type of pediatric pain scales? - ....ANSWER ...-FLACC
(behavioral)
FACES (self-report)
Numerical rating scale (self-report)
What is the pediatric pain "Gold Standard"? - ....ANSWER ...-The self-
report of pain if the child is developmentally able
The FACES pediatric pain scale is used at what age? - ....ANSWER ...-Age 4,
but may be used at age 3 if the child is developmentally able to self-report pain.
The numeric pain scale is used at what age for children? - ....ANSWER ...-
Use for patients 8 years of age or older if developmentally able, but can be used as
young as 5 years old if they can count and have a concept of values of numbers in
relation to each other.
Name some pediatric nonpharmacologic pain management: -
....ANSWER ...-- Distraction
- Relaxation
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
, - Guided imagery
- Cutaneous stimulation
- Containment and swaddling (sleep sacks)
- Non Nutritive sucking (pacifier)
- Kangaroo care
What are examples of NSAIDS? - ....ANSWER ...--
Ibuprofen/Advil/Motrin/Aspirin
-Toradol/Ketorolac
-May cause bleeding, kidney damage!
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can do what in large doses? - ....ANSWER ...-
Harm the liver
Nalbuphine ("Nubain"), Butorphanol, and Tramadol are examples of what type of
medication? - ....ANSWER ...-Mixed opioid agonists/antagonists
What is a pro to using Nalbuphine and Butorphanol for pain instead of regular
opioids? - ....ANSWER ...-Less respiratory depression
What is a drawback of tramadol? - ....ANSWER ...-May potentiate seizures
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
