NRNP 6550 Midterm Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Tested) with
Verified Answers Graded A+
Vaccinations and immunosuppression. 2 keypoints - Answer: - give inactive agents instead of
live agents
- might not work as effectively
live virus vaccine types - Answer: Virus:
- measles
- mumps
- polio (oral)
- rubella
- varicella
- yellow fever
- herpes zoster
Bacteria:
- typhoid
inactive vaccine virus - Answer: Virus:
- Hep A and B
- HPV
- influenza
,- polio (subq)
- rabies
Bacteria:
- anthrax
- cholera
- diphteria
- Lyme
- meningococcus
- pertussis
- plague
- pneumococcus
- tetanus
Immunization recommendation influenza - Answer: all ages, all types (pregnant, diabetes,
immunocompromised, etc)
Immunization recommendation pregnancy and weakened immune system - Answer: - 1 dose
Tdap
- no varicella, zoster, MMR
HIV and vaccinations - Answer: Give inactive agents when CD4 count is greater than 200 cells/
mm3
health screening 18 - 45 years - Answer: - BMI
- BP (q2years)
- at age 20: fasting lipid profile: total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides (cardiac testing if LDL
greater than 200 or HDL lower than 40)
,- annual breast exam, females
- Pap-smear annually
health screening 45 and up - Answer: - blood glucose q3years
- 50 and up: colorectal screening (digital exam annually, sigmoidscopy q5years, colonoscopy
q10yrs)
- PSA with digital exam annually for males
- mammography q1 -2 yrs
- women 65 and up: screen for osteoporosis
top 5 leading causes of death - Answer: 1. heart disease
2. cancer
3. respiratory disease
4. stroke
5. accidents
Conjunctivitis; definition - Answer: -Pink eyey
- Inflammation of conjuctiva (outer layer of eye)
Conjunctivitis: causes - Answer: Chemical, bacterial, viral, allergic, herpetic. Adenovirus is the
most common cause, but bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are
also common causes in children.
Conjunctivitis: findings - Answer: - redness
- itching
- discharge
- edema eyelid
, - may find gonorrhea or chlamydia in eye discharge
Conjunctivitis: management - Answer: - cooling
- rule out corneal abrasion
- bacteria: antibiotic solution (gentamicin, neomycin)
- chlamydia: oral tetracycline or erythromycin
- gonorrhea: single dose ceftriaxone
- herpes: refer to opthalmologist
Corneal abrasion: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - disruption of cornea (clear
covering of eye)
- foreign body/ trauma
- pain, redness, photophobia, decreased visual acuity
- ab ointment: gentamicin, sulfacetamide, eye-patch, ophthalmologist
diabetic retinopathy: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - ocular retinal disease due
to DM
- DM, exac by smoking and HTN (macular edema)
- flashing lights in vision, blurred vision, black spots, loss of vision, sustained glucose greater
than 130
- Laser therapy for macular edema, smoking cessation, glucose control, BP control
retinal detachment: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - separation of retina and
choroid
- trauma, intraocular mass, iris inflammation, cataract surgery, DM, sickle cell
- painless vision changes, blurred vision, light flashes, "curtain" over visual field, bullous
elevation without tears
- ophthalmologist for cryotherapy, laser therapy, vitrectomy. If from trauma: eye patch
Questions (Frequently Tested) with
Verified Answers Graded A+
Vaccinations and immunosuppression. 2 keypoints - Answer: - give inactive agents instead of
live agents
- might not work as effectively
live virus vaccine types - Answer: Virus:
- measles
- mumps
- polio (oral)
- rubella
- varicella
- yellow fever
- herpes zoster
Bacteria:
- typhoid
inactive vaccine virus - Answer: Virus:
- Hep A and B
- HPV
- influenza
,- polio (subq)
- rabies
Bacteria:
- anthrax
- cholera
- diphteria
- Lyme
- meningococcus
- pertussis
- plague
- pneumococcus
- tetanus
Immunization recommendation influenza - Answer: all ages, all types (pregnant, diabetes,
immunocompromised, etc)
Immunization recommendation pregnancy and weakened immune system - Answer: - 1 dose
Tdap
- no varicella, zoster, MMR
HIV and vaccinations - Answer: Give inactive agents when CD4 count is greater than 200 cells/
mm3
health screening 18 - 45 years - Answer: - BMI
- BP (q2years)
- at age 20: fasting lipid profile: total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides (cardiac testing if LDL
greater than 200 or HDL lower than 40)
,- annual breast exam, females
- Pap-smear annually
health screening 45 and up - Answer: - blood glucose q3years
- 50 and up: colorectal screening (digital exam annually, sigmoidscopy q5years, colonoscopy
q10yrs)
- PSA with digital exam annually for males
- mammography q1 -2 yrs
- women 65 and up: screen for osteoporosis
top 5 leading causes of death - Answer: 1. heart disease
2. cancer
3. respiratory disease
4. stroke
5. accidents
Conjunctivitis; definition - Answer: -Pink eyey
- Inflammation of conjuctiva (outer layer of eye)
Conjunctivitis: causes - Answer: Chemical, bacterial, viral, allergic, herpetic. Adenovirus is the
most common cause, but bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae) are
also common causes in children.
Conjunctivitis: findings - Answer: - redness
- itching
- discharge
- edema eyelid
, - may find gonorrhea or chlamydia in eye discharge
Conjunctivitis: management - Answer: - cooling
- rule out corneal abrasion
- bacteria: antibiotic solution (gentamicin, neomycin)
- chlamydia: oral tetracycline or erythromycin
- gonorrhea: single dose ceftriaxone
- herpes: refer to opthalmologist
Corneal abrasion: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - disruption of cornea (clear
covering of eye)
- foreign body/ trauma
- pain, redness, photophobia, decreased visual acuity
- ab ointment: gentamicin, sulfacetamide, eye-patch, ophthalmologist
diabetic retinopathy: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - ocular retinal disease due
to DM
- DM, exac by smoking and HTN (macular edema)
- flashing lights in vision, blurred vision, black spots, loss of vision, sustained glucose greater
than 130
- Laser therapy for macular edema, smoking cessation, glucose control, BP control
retinal detachment: definition, cause, findings, treatment - Answer: - separation of retina and
choroid
- trauma, intraocular mass, iris inflammation, cataract surgery, DM, sickle cell
- painless vision changes, blurred vision, light flashes, "curtain" over visual field, bullous
elevation without tears
- ophthalmologist for cryotherapy, laser therapy, vitrectomy. If from trauma: eye patch
