HUMAN BIOLOGY EXAM 1 COMPLETE
ANSWERS
produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the starting
cell - ANSWER-mitosis
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA polymerase most active? - ANSWER-S-
Phase of Interphase
(Choose all that apply) Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about
Translation? - ANSWER-The tRNA molecules match their anticodons to the codons
of the mRNA molecules, the tRNA molecules carry the amino acids to the ribosomes
The process of DNA controlling the production of a protein is often referred to as -
ANSWER-gene expression
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about DNA replication? -
ANSWER-DNA replication requires energy, DNA replication is semi-conservative ,
DNA replication uses the complementary base pairing rules
When a human grows or repairs damaged tissue, which cellular process is used? -
ANSWER-mitosis
All chemical reactions in the human body that include build up or breakdown of
macromolecules are termed ____________. - ANSWER-metabolic reactions.
The proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body are called - ANSWER-
enzymes.
Activation energy is similar to the "push" needed to start rolling a stalled car down a
hill. How do enzymes fit into this analogy? - ANSWER-Enzymes decrease the effort
that's needed to start the car moving.
Chemical work can also be described by the word(s) - ANSWER-anabolism
What is the source of chemical energy used to power a muscle cell in your arm? -
ANSWER-adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Which organelle performs photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Chloroplast
Assume that a plant is suffering from drought and is beginning to wilt. Which cell
component is most likely being affected, and what type of molecule is being lost from
this structure? - ANSWER-vacuole; water
Which of the following can't freely pass through a cell membrane without going
through a protein channel? - ANSWER-calcium ions
, The movement of a substance OUT of a cell via a vesicle is called: - ANSWER-
exocytosis
How would amino acids from the bloodstream move across a cell membrane? -
ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
Choose the statement(s) that is/are correct about facilitated diffusion. - ANSWER-no
energy is needed from the cell, the substance being moved is moving from an area
of high concentration to an area of low concentration, a protein carrier is used
Cancer cells divide in an unregulated fashion (in other words, even when they are
not supposed to divide). They are able to do this because they ___ - ANSWER-
progress through the cell cycle without proper checkpoints
Consider a cell that underwent mitosis but not cytokinesis. The result would be -
ANSWER-a cell with two nuclei.
a condensed form of DNA and proteins that can be seen during mitosis and meiosis.
These contain the genes. - ANSWER-Chromosomes
When cancer cells have broken away from their original site of formation and have
travelled to new parts of the body, we say the cancer is _____ - ANSWER-metastatic
The replication of DNA is called ___ because each new molecule consists of an old
strand and a new strand. - ANSWER-Semi-Conservative
A diploid cell becomes two haploid cells during which phase? - ANSWER-Meiosis 1
A normal human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is - ANSWER-a
sperm cell.
Which type of cell division produces daughter cells that are identical to the original
cell? - ANSWER-mitosis in animals
Occurs in the gonads to produce gametes - ANSWER-Meiosis
DNA synthesis occurs before the process begins in - ANSWER-both meiosis and
mitosis
crossing over and independent alignment occur in - ANSWER-meiosis
reduces the cells from a diploid condition to a haploid condition - ANSWER-meiosis
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as -
ANSWER-osmosis
Which of the following is a major component of a cell's plasma membrane? -
ANSWER-phospholipids
ANSWERS
produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the starting
cell - ANSWER-mitosis
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA polymerase most active? - ANSWER-S-
Phase of Interphase
(Choose all that apply) Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about
Translation? - ANSWER-The tRNA molecules match their anticodons to the codons
of the mRNA molecules, the tRNA molecules carry the amino acids to the ribosomes
The process of DNA controlling the production of a protein is often referred to as -
ANSWER-gene expression
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about DNA replication? -
ANSWER-DNA replication requires energy, DNA replication is semi-conservative ,
DNA replication uses the complementary base pairing rules
When a human grows or repairs damaged tissue, which cellular process is used? -
ANSWER-mitosis
All chemical reactions in the human body that include build up or breakdown of
macromolecules are termed ____________. - ANSWER-metabolic reactions.
The proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body are called - ANSWER-
enzymes.
Activation energy is similar to the "push" needed to start rolling a stalled car down a
hill. How do enzymes fit into this analogy? - ANSWER-Enzymes decrease the effort
that's needed to start the car moving.
Chemical work can also be described by the word(s) - ANSWER-anabolism
What is the source of chemical energy used to power a muscle cell in your arm? -
ANSWER-adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Which organelle performs photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Chloroplast
Assume that a plant is suffering from drought and is beginning to wilt. Which cell
component is most likely being affected, and what type of molecule is being lost from
this structure? - ANSWER-vacuole; water
Which of the following can't freely pass through a cell membrane without going
through a protein channel? - ANSWER-calcium ions
, The movement of a substance OUT of a cell via a vesicle is called: - ANSWER-
exocytosis
How would amino acids from the bloodstream move across a cell membrane? -
ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
Choose the statement(s) that is/are correct about facilitated diffusion. - ANSWER-no
energy is needed from the cell, the substance being moved is moving from an area
of high concentration to an area of low concentration, a protein carrier is used
Cancer cells divide in an unregulated fashion (in other words, even when they are
not supposed to divide). They are able to do this because they ___ - ANSWER-
progress through the cell cycle without proper checkpoints
Consider a cell that underwent mitosis but not cytokinesis. The result would be -
ANSWER-a cell with two nuclei.
a condensed form of DNA and proteins that can be seen during mitosis and meiosis.
These contain the genes. - ANSWER-Chromosomes
When cancer cells have broken away from their original site of formation and have
travelled to new parts of the body, we say the cancer is _____ - ANSWER-metastatic
The replication of DNA is called ___ because each new molecule consists of an old
strand and a new strand. - ANSWER-Semi-Conservative
A diploid cell becomes two haploid cells during which phase? - ANSWER-Meiosis 1
A normal human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is - ANSWER-a
sperm cell.
Which type of cell division produces daughter cells that are identical to the original
cell? - ANSWER-mitosis in animals
Occurs in the gonads to produce gametes - ANSWER-Meiosis
DNA synthesis occurs before the process begins in - ANSWER-both meiosis and
mitosis
crossing over and independent alignment occur in - ANSWER-meiosis
reduces the cells from a diploid condition to a haploid condition - ANSWER-meiosis
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as -
ANSWER-osmosis
Which of the following is a major component of a cell's plasma membrane? -
ANSWER-phospholipids
