BIOLOGY 152 - EXAM 2 CALEB
ROUNDS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
Taxa correct answers >> end points on the phylogeny (Either
a species or a more general group)
Node correct answers >> point on the phylogeny where
branching occurs. This represents a common ancestor of
everything that branches from it
sister taxa correct answers >> taxa that are more closely
related than other taxa (share a recent common ancestor)
outgroup correct answers >> share a common ancestor with
all organisms in the phylogeny, but less closely related to all of
them
ancestral trait correct answers >> trait that existed in the
ancestor relative to the taxa addressed
derived trait correct answers >> trait that exists/ existed in
the descendants but not in the ancestor
homologous trait correct answers >> a shared trait that is
ancestral to the group in question
, analogous trait correct answers >> structures similar in
unrelated organisms
monophyletic group correct answers >> group that consists
of a single ancestral species and all its descendants
Synapomorphy correct answers >> shared derived trait that
defines a monophyletic group
paraphyletic group correct answers >> Includes the most
recent common ancestor of the group, but not all its descendants
polyphyletic group correct answers >> A taxonomic grouping
consisting of several species that lack a common ancestor
allopatric (different land) speciation correct answers >>
method of speciation that occurs when two populations of the
same original species are separated geographically by a barrier
sympatric ( same land) speciation correct answers >>
method of speciation that occurs when two populations of the
same original species are not geographically, bu there still is a
reproductive barrier that exists between them, causing them to
diverge
cline correct answers >> is a measurable gradient in a single
character( or biological trait) of a species across geographical
range
ROUNDS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
Taxa correct answers >> end points on the phylogeny (Either
a species or a more general group)
Node correct answers >> point on the phylogeny where
branching occurs. This represents a common ancestor of
everything that branches from it
sister taxa correct answers >> taxa that are more closely
related than other taxa (share a recent common ancestor)
outgroup correct answers >> share a common ancestor with
all organisms in the phylogeny, but less closely related to all of
them
ancestral trait correct answers >> trait that existed in the
ancestor relative to the taxa addressed
derived trait correct answers >> trait that exists/ existed in
the descendants but not in the ancestor
homologous trait correct answers >> a shared trait that is
ancestral to the group in question
, analogous trait correct answers >> structures similar in
unrelated organisms
monophyletic group correct answers >> group that consists
of a single ancestral species and all its descendants
Synapomorphy correct answers >> shared derived trait that
defines a monophyletic group
paraphyletic group correct answers >> Includes the most
recent common ancestor of the group, but not all its descendants
polyphyletic group correct answers >> A taxonomic grouping
consisting of several species that lack a common ancestor
allopatric (different land) speciation correct answers >>
method of speciation that occurs when two populations of the
same original species are separated geographically by a barrier
sympatric ( same land) speciation correct answers >>
method of speciation that occurs when two populations of the
same original species are not geographically, bu there still is a
reproductive barrier that exists between them, causing them to
diverge
cline correct answers >> is a measurable gradient in a single
character( or biological trait) of a species across geographical
range
