NURS 242 Final Exam Study Guide: Questions &
Answers: Latest Updated
/. Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Answer-Elevated pressure within the skull
affecting brain function.
/.Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - Answer-Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
/.Monro-Kellie Theory - Answer-Increased cranial content alters volume of others.
/.Ataxia - Answer-Impaired coordination affecting gait and movement.
/.Cheyne-Stokes Respiration - Answer-Pattern of breathing with alternating periods of
apnea.
/.Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - Answer-Pressure needed for adequate blood
flow to the brain.
/.Normal CPP Range - Answer-70-100 mmHg for adequate brain perfusion.
/.Glasgow Coma Scale - Answer-Scale measuring consciousness level from 3 to 15.
/.Alteplase - Answer-Clot-dissolving medication for ischemic stroke patients.
/.Epidural Hematoma - Answer-Collection of blood between skull and dura mater.
/.Decorticate Posturing - Answer-Flexed arms, extended legs indicating severe brain
injury.
/.Decerebrate Posturing - Answer-Extended arms and legs indicating brainstem
damage.
/.Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-Exaggerated autonomic response due to spinal injury.
/.Signs of Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-Hypertension, headache, sweating, and
bradycardia.
/.Baclofen - Answer-Medication used to treat muscle spasms.
/.Mannitol - Answer-Osmotic diuretic reducing intracranial pressure.
/.Phenobarbital - Answer-Medication for seizure control in ICP cases.
, /.Halo Vest - Answer-Device immobilizing the head and neck post-injury.
/.Basilar Fractures - Answer-Fractures at the base of the skull.
/.CSF Leakage Tests - Answer-Glucose testing to confirm CSF presence.
/.Complications of Increased ICP - Answer-Includes DI, SIADH, and brain death.
/.Rule of Nines - Answer-Burn assessment tool estimating body surface area.
/.Priority for Burn Patients - Answer-Ensure patent airway and establish IV access.
/.Signs of Secondary Head Injury - Answer-Dyspnea and hypoxia indicating further
complications.
/.Interventions for Increased ICP - Answer-Maintain normal body temperature and
monitor closely.
/.Late Symptoms of Increased ICP - Answer-Coma, bradypnea, projectile vomiting,
decreased LOC.
/.Early Indications of Increased ICP - Answer-Headache, irritability, restlessness,
unequal pupils.
/.C4 Spinal Injury Effects - Answer-Loss of GI control and bladder retention.
/.Flat EEG - Answer-Indicates no brain activity detected.
/.Negative ice caloric test - Answer-Ear movement towards cold water indicates
brainstem function.
/.Apnea duration - Answer-Absence of breathing for 8 minutes.
/.Glasgow coma scale - Answer-Measures consciousness; 3 or above indicates low
level.
/.Burn prevention - Answer-Avoid water above 120 degrees; check smoke detectors.
/.Rule of 9 - Answer-Burn assessment tool for body surface area.
/.Patent airway priority - Answer-Essential for burn patients upon admission.
/.Severe burn classification - Answer-Burns covering 20% or more of body.
/.PPE for burns - Answer-Gloves, gown, and mask required for severe cases.
Answers: Latest Updated
/. Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Answer-Elevated pressure within the skull
affecting brain function.
/.Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - Answer-Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
/.Monro-Kellie Theory - Answer-Increased cranial content alters volume of others.
/.Ataxia - Answer-Impaired coordination affecting gait and movement.
/.Cheyne-Stokes Respiration - Answer-Pattern of breathing with alternating periods of
apnea.
/.Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - Answer-Pressure needed for adequate blood
flow to the brain.
/.Normal CPP Range - Answer-70-100 mmHg for adequate brain perfusion.
/.Glasgow Coma Scale - Answer-Scale measuring consciousness level from 3 to 15.
/.Alteplase - Answer-Clot-dissolving medication for ischemic stroke patients.
/.Epidural Hematoma - Answer-Collection of blood between skull and dura mater.
/.Decorticate Posturing - Answer-Flexed arms, extended legs indicating severe brain
injury.
/.Decerebrate Posturing - Answer-Extended arms and legs indicating brainstem
damage.
/.Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-Exaggerated autonomic response due to spinal injury.
/.Signs of Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-Hypertension, headache, sweating, and
bradycardia.
/.Baclofen - Answer-Medication used to treat muscle spasms.
/.Mannitol - Answer-Osmotic diuretic reducing intracranial pressure.
/.Phenobarbital - Answer-Medication for seizure control in ICP cases.
, /.Halo Vest - Answer-Device immobilizing the head and neck post-injury.
/.Basilar Fractures - Answer-Fractures at the base of the skull.
/.CSF Leakage Tests - Answer-Glucose testing to confirm CSF presence.
/.Complications of Increased ICP - Answer-Includes DI, SIADH, and brain death.
/.Rule of Nines - Answer-Burn assessment tool estimating body surface area.
/.Priority for Burn Patients - Answer-Ensure patent airway and establish IV access.
/.Signs of Secondary Head Injury - Answer-Dyspnea and hypoxia indicating further
complications.
/.Interventions for Increased ICP - Answer-Maintain normal body temperature and
monitor closely.
/.Late Symptoms of Increased ICP - Answer-Coma, bradypnea, projectile vomiting,
decreased LOC.
/.Early Indications of Increased ICP - Answer-Headache, irritability, restlessness,
unequal pupils.
/.C4 Spinal Injury Effects - Answer-Loss of GI control and bladder retention.
/.Flat EEG - Answer-Indicates no brain activity detected.
/.Negative ice caloric test - Answer-Ear movement towards cold water indicates
brainstem function.
/.Apnea duration - Answer-Absence of breathing for 8 minutes.
/.Glasgow coma scale - Answer-Measures consciousness; 3 or above indicates low
level.
/.Burn prevention - Answer-Avoid water above 120 degrees; check smoke detectors.
/.Rule of 9 - Answer-Burn assessment tool for body surface area.
/.Patent airway priority - Answer-Essential for burn patients upon admission.
/.Severe burn classification - Answer-Burns covering 20% or more of body.
/.PPE for burns - Answer-Gloves, gown, and mask required for severe cases.
