SOPHOS ENGINEER EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Aticles of Confederation - (answer)-First attempt to establish the basics of government in the U.S.
-Went into effect Marsh 1, 1781
-Was lacking a strong central executive
-Weak state alliance cannot prosper
U.S.Constitution - (answer)Written in 1787, 2nd (and current) Plan of Government for USA. Gave more
power to federal gov (Balancing power between the State and Federal government) and created
bicameral (2 houses) congress
Popular Soveregnty - (answer)Rule by the people. Governments power comes from the consent of the
people.
seperation of powers - (answer)gov'ts power is divided among 3 branches (Executive, Legislative and
Judicial)
Republicanism - (answer)A form of government in which people elect representatives to create and
enforce laws
individual rights - (answer)Basic liberties and rights of all citizens are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
Federalism - (answer)A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
(both states and federal gov't can tax but states can make marriage laws and federal government can
print money)
Checks and Balances - (answer)A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of
the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power ( one branch becoming too powerful.
Veto - (answer)Chief executive's (The President) power to reject a bill passed by a legislature
Aticles of Confederation - (answer)-First attempt to establish the basics of government in the U.S.
-Went into effect Marsh 1, 1781
-Was lacking a strong central executive
-Weak state alliance cannot prosper
U.S.Constitution - (answer)Written in 1787, 2nd (and current) Plan of Government for USA. Gave more
power to federal gov (Balancing power between the State and Federal government) and created
bicameral (2 houses) congress
Popular Soveregnty - (answer)Rule by the people. Governments power comes from the consent of the
people.
seperation of powers - (answer)gov'ts power is divided among 3 branches (Executive, Legislative and
Judicial)
Republicanism - (answer)A form of government in which people elect representatives to create and
enforce laws
individual rights - (answer)Basic liberties and rights of all citizens are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
Federalism - (answer)A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
(both states and federal gov't can tax but states can make marriage laws and federal government can
print money)
Checks and Balances - (answer)A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of
the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power ( one branch becoming too powerful.
Veto - (answer)Chief executive's (The President) power to reject a bill passed by a legislature
