Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
6501 LATEST 2025/2026 Questions
with correct Answers Graded A
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - ANSWER
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an
action potential? - ANSWER Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium
rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would
reveal which of the following? - ANSWER Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for? - ANSWER Answer: The person who is first diagnosed
with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the
aide? - ANSWER Answer: Expressivity
, In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol? - ANSWER Answer: Cholesterol decreases the
membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - ANSWER Answer:
Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? -
ANSWER Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: -
ANSWER Answer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: -
ANSWER Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases? - ANSWER Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because
both processes are believed to result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at
the elbow, and sparse body hair. - ANSWER Answer: Turner syndrome
6501 LATEST 2025/2026 Questions
with correct Answers Graded A
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - ANSWER
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an
action potential? - ANSWER Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium
rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would
reveal which of the following? - ANSWER Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for? - ANSWER Answer: The person who is first diagnosed
with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the
aide? - ANSWER Answer: Expressivity
, In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol? - ANSWER Answer: Cholesterol decreases the
membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - ANSWER Answer:
Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? -
ANSWER Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: -
ANSWER Answer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: -
ANSWER Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases? - ANSWER Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because
both processes are believed to result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at
the elbow, and sparse body hair. - ANSWER Answer: Turner syndrome
