HUMAN NUTRITION STANDARD EXAM SHEET 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Meat, fish, pulses e.g. peas and beans - ✔✔What is protein found in
✔✔fatty acids and glycerol - ✔✔What are fats made of?
✔✔storing energy
keeping warm - ✔✔What are fats used for?
✔✔carbon, hydrogen, oxygen - ✔✔What elements are contained in fats?
✔✔Butter, fatty meat, cakes and oil - ✔✔What are fats found in?
✔✔• - ✔✔What foods contains the most amount of energy?
✔✔kilocalories (kcal) or kilojoules (kJ) - ✔✔What is energy in food measured in?
✔✔depends on the level of exercise, age and pregnancy
a) very strenuous physical jobs will require more energy than office jobs.
b) Adults usually require more energy because they are larger than children but
teenagers need a lot of energy as they are growing.
c) Pregnant women also need lots of calories because the baby also needs energy -
✔✔What influences how much energy someone needs in a day?
✔✔ingest food so that large insoluble molecules can be broken down into small soluble
molecules so that they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. - ✔✔What is the function
of the human digestive system?
✔✔assimilated- built into larger molecules such as protein in muscle or glycogen as an
energy storage compound. - ✔✔What happens to The small subunits that are digested?
✔✔egested through the anus - ✔✔What happens to molecules that cannot be
digested?
✔✔muscular tissues
Glandular tissues - ✔✔What tissues are included in the digestive tract?
✔✔The muscles rhythmically contract to push food through the system. This is called
peristalsis. - ✔✔What are muscular tissues used for?
✔✔to make digestive enzymes - ✔✔What is glandular tissue used for?
, ✔✔Are insoluble when they enter body so broken down into smaller soluble substances
that can be absorbed into the bloodstream
natural breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules is very slow but the body
has biological catalysts, called enzymes, which speed up the breakdown. - ✔✔What
happens to Starch (a carbohydrate), proteins and lipids when they are digested?
✔✔an enzyme - ✔✔What is this?
✔✔substrate - ✔✔What do you call the molecule that is broken down and fits into active
site of an enzyme?
✔✔bonds in substrate are bent so that they break and products are released - ✔✔What
happens to substrate when it fits into the active site of enzyme?
✔✔higher temperatures - because molecules have more kinetic energy and so move
faster - more collisions and so more enzyme-substrate complexes are formed - ✔✔How
do enzymes work faster?
✔✔37 degrees C - ✔✔What is the optimum temperature for enzymes to work?
✔✔denaturation - active site changes shape and so substrate no long fits into it -
✔✔What happens at temperatures above 40 degrees C for enzyme?
✔✔Salivary gland - ✔✔Where is Saliva produced
✔✔Stomach - ✔✔where is Gastric Juice produced
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔what is Pancreatic juice produced
✔✔Small Intestine - ✔✔where is Intestinal juice produced
✔✔Liver - ✔✔where is bile produced?
✔✔stored in the gall bladder - ✔✔Where is bile stored?
✔✔Hydrochloric acid Protease(Pepsin) - ✔✔What does Gastric Juice contain?
✔✔Maltase, Protease, Lipase - ✔✔What does Pancreatic juice contain?
✔✔Maltase, Protease, Lipase - ✔✔What does Intestinal juice contain?
✔✔Alkaline substance, bile salts - ✔✔What does Bile contain?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔Meat, fish, pulses e.g. peas and beans - ✔✔What is protein found in
✔✔fatty acids and glycerol - ✔✔What are fats made of?
✔✔storing energy
keeping warm - ✔✔What are fats used for?
✔✔carbon, hydrogen, oxygen - ✔✔What elements are contained in fats?
✔✔Butter, fatty meat, cakes and oil - ✔✔What are fats found in?
✔✔• - ✔✔What foods contains the most amount of energy?
✔✔kilocalories (kcal) or kilojoules (kJ) - ✔✔What is energy in food measured in?
✔✔depends on the level of exercise, age and pregnancy
a) very strenuous physical jobs will require more energy than office jobs.
b) Adults usually require more energy because they are larger than children but
teenagers need a lot of energy as they are growing.
c) Pregnant women also need lots of calories because the baby also needs energy -
✔✔What influences how much energy someone needs in a day?
✔✔ingest food so that large insoluble molecules can be broken down into small soluble
molecules so that they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. - ✔✔What is the function
of the human digestive system?
✔✔assimilated- built into larger molecules such as protein in muscle or glycogen as an
energy storage compound. - ✔✔What happens to The small subunits that are digested?
✔✔egested through the anus - ✔✔What happens to molecules that cannot be
digested?
✔✔muscular tissues
Glandular tissues - ✔✔What tissues are included in the digestive tract?
✔✔The muscles rhythmically contract to push food through the system. This is called
peristalsis. - ✔✔What are muscular tissues used for?
✔✔to make digestive enzymes - ✔✔What is glandular tissue used for?
, ✔✔Are insoluble when they enter body so broken down into smaller soluble substances
that can be absorbed into the bloodstream
natural breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules is very slow but the body
has biological catalysts, called enzymes, which speed up the breakdown. - ✔✔What
happens to Starch (a carbohydrate), proteins and lipids when they are digested?
✔✔an enzyme - ✔✔What is this?
✔✔substrate - ✔✔What do you call the molecule that is broken down and fits into active
site of an enzyme?
✔✔bonds in substrate are bent so that they break and products are released - ✔✔What
happens to substrate when it fits into the active site of enzyme?
✔✔higher temperatures - because molecules have more kinetic energy and so move
faster - more collisions and so more enzyme-substrate complexes are formed - ✔✔How
do enzymes work faster?
✔✔37 degrees C - ✔✔What is the optimum temperature for enzymes to work?
✔✔denaturation - active site changes shape and so substrate no long fits into it -
✔✔What happens at temperatures above 40 degrees C for enzyme?
✔✔Salivary gland - ✔✔Where is Saliva produced
✔✔Stomach - ✔✔where is Gastric Juice produced
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔what is Pancreatic juice produced
✔✔Small Intestine - ✔✔where is Intestinal juice produced
✔✔Liver - ✔✔where is bile produced?
✔✔stored in the gall bladder - ✔✔Where is bile stored?
✔✔Hydrochloric acid Protease(Pepsin) - ✔✔What does Gastric Juice contain?
✔✔Maltase, Protease, Lipase - ✔✔What does Pancreatic juice contain?
✔✔Maltase, Protease, Lipase - ✔✔What does Intestinal juice contain?
✔✔Alkaline substance, bile salts - ✔✔What does Bile contain?
