NURS 3550 Pharmacology Final Exam with
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precise answers |
Bethanechol |is |what |type |of |drug |(Agonist/antagonist) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Direct |
Parasympathetic |Agonist
What |are |Bethanechol's |MOA |and |effects? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-stimulates |muscarinic |receptors |in
|smooth |muscle, |glands |and |effector |organs |to |mimic |the |stimulation |of |the |PNS |
CNS: |miosis, |near |vision
CVS: |decreased |HR, |vasodilation |to |GI, |decreased |BP
Lungs: |bronchoconstriction |and |increased |secretions |
GI: |increased |tone, |contractility, |increases |secretions |and |gastric |acid, |relaxed |sphincters |
GU: |increased |tone, |contractility, |relaxed |trigone |and |sphincter.
Bethanechol's |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |Urinary |retention
2) |GI |atony
3) |Glaucoma |
1) |relaxes |trigone |and |sphincters |making |it |easier |to |urinate |
2) |increases |tone |and |contractility
3) |CNS |stimulation
Bethanechol's |ADRs |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-confusion, |hypotension, |bradycardia, |increased |salvation |
and |gastric |acid |secretion, |abdominal |cramps, |diarrhea, |rhinitis, |sweating |and |incontinence
Bethanechol's |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-beta |blockers |(d/t |bradycardia... |check |HR), |
anti-muscarinic |drugs |(cancels |out |effects), |antihistamines, |and |TCAs
,Bethanechol's |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-ulcers, |intestinal |obstructions, |recent |bowel |
surgery, |urinary |obstruction, |asthma, |and |hyperthyroid |conditions.
Atropine |is |what |kind |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-General |Muscarinic |Antagonist
MOA |and |Effects |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-MOA: |blocks |muscarinic |receptors |and |prevents |access |of |
Ach |to |the |receptor |so |it |cannot |do |it's |job. |
Effects: |mimics |effects |of |SNS |
CNS- |SNS |stimulation
CVS: |increases |HR
GI: |decreases |activity
Eyes: |mydriasis |
Lungs: |bronchoconstriction
GU: |decreases |activity
Atropine |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |Pre-anesthetic |medication |(drys |up |
secretions)
2) |produces |mydriasis |
3) |bradycardia |(used |to |increase |HR)
4) |intestinal |hyperactivity
5) |overactive |bladder
6) |antidote |to |cholinergic |crisis
Atropine |ADR's |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-tachycardia, |increased |BP |d/t |increased |HR, |constipation, |
urinary |retention, |xerostomia, |anhidrosis, |blurred |vision |and |photophobia
Atropine |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |cross |react |with |M-receptors |(TCAs, |
antihistamines), |herbal |medications |(aloe, |sienna), |nicotinic |antagonists, |and |neuromuscular |blockers
, Atropine |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-acute |angle-closure |glaucoma, |pulmonary |
conditions, |cardiac |conditions, |GI |conditions, |and |cautioned |in |the |elderly
Epinephrine |is |what |type |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-General |Adrenergic |Agonist
Epi's |MOA |and |Effects |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-MOA: |binds/stimulates |all |4 |receptors
Effects: |increased |HR |and |contractility, |enhanced |cardiac |function, |vasoconstriction |to |skin/GI/urinary,
|vasodilation |to |vital |organs, |release |of |renin |to |boost |BP, |relaxes |bronchioles, |relaxes |uterus, |relaxes |
sphincters |and |smooth |muscle
Epi |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |anaphylaxis: |dilates |bronchioles, |
vasoconstriction, |increases |HR |
2) |MI: |improves |cardiac |function |
3) |status |asthmaticus: |opens |bronchioles
Epi |ADRs |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-agitation, |increased |BP, |hypertensive |crisis, |dyspnea, |dysrhythmia, |
hyperglycemia, |straining |d/t |constipation, |angina, |mydriasis
Epi |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |increase |effects |of |epi: |adrenergic |agonists, |
anticholinergic |meds |and |stimulants
drugs |that |decrease |effects |of |epi: |adrenergic |antagonists, |cholinergic |meds |and |antihypertensives
Epi |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-sulfite |allergy, |tachyarrhythmias, |angina, |CVD, |
hyperthyroid, |coronary |insufficiency |
no |absolute |contraindication... |if |it |saves |life, |worth |it!
Phenylephrine |is |what |type |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Alpha |1 |Agonist
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precise answers |
Bethanechol |is |what |type |of |drug |(Agonist/antagonist) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Direct |
Parasympathetic |Agonist
What |are |Bethanechol's |MOA |and |effects? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-stimulates |muscarinic |receptors |in
|smooth |muscle, |glands |and |effector |organs |to |mimic |the |stimulation |of |the |PNS |
CNS: |miosis, |near |vision
CVS: |decreased |HR, |vasodilation |to |GI, |decreased |BP
Lungs: |bronchoconstriction |and |increased |secretions |
GI: |increased |tone, |contractility, |increases |secretions |and |gastric |acid, |relaxed |sphincters |
GU: |increased |tone, |contractility, |relaxed |trigone |and |sphincter.
Bethanechol's |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |Urinary |retention
2) |GI |atony
3) |Glaucoma |
1) |relaxes |trigone |and |sphincters |making |it |easier |to |urinate |
2) |increases |tone |and |contractility
3) |CNS |stimulation
Bethanechol's |ADRs |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-confusion, |hypotension, |bradycardia, |increased |salvation |
and |gastric |acid |secretion, |abdominal |cramps, |diarrhea, |rhinitis, |sweating |and |incontinence
Bethanechol's |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-beta |blockers |(d/t |bradycardia... |check |HR), |
anti-muscarinic |drugs |(cancels |out |effects), |antihistamines, |and |TCAs
,Bethanechol's |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-ulcers, |intestinal |obstructions, |recent |bowel |
surgery, |urinary |obstruction, |asthma, |and |hyperthyroid |conditions.
Atropine |is |what |kind |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-General |Muscarinic |Antagonist
MOA |and |Effects |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-MOA: |blocks |muscarinic |receptors |and |prevents |access |of |
Ach |to |the |receptor |so |it |cannot |do |it's |job. |
Effects: |mimics |effects |of |SNS |
CNS- |SNS |stimulation
CVS: |increases |HR
GI: |decreases |activity
Eyes: |mydriasis |
Lungs: |bronchoconstriction
GU: |decreases |activity
Atropine |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |Pre-anesthetic |medication |(drys |up |
secretions)
2) |produces |mydriasis |
3) |bradycardia |(used |to |increase |HR)
4) |intestinal |hyperactivity
5) |overactive |bladder
6) |antidote |to |cholinergic |crisis
Atropine |ADR's |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-tachycardia, |increased |BP |d/t |increased |HR, |constipation, |
urinary |retention, |xerostomia, |anhidrosis, |blurred |vision |and |photophobia
Atropine |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |cross |react |with |M-receptors |(TCAs, |
antihistamines), |herbal |medications |(aloe, |sienna), |nicotinic |antagonists, |and |neuromuscular |blockers
, Atropine |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-acute |angle-closure |glaucoma, |pulmonary |
conditions, |cardiac |conditions, |GI |conditions, |and |cautioned |in |the |elderly
Epinephrine |is |what |type |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-General |Adrenergic |Agonist
Epi's |MOA |and |Effects |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-MOA: |binds/stimulates |all |4 |receptors
Effects: |increased |HR |and |contractility, |enhanced |cardiac |function, |vasoconstriction |to |skin/GI/urinary,
|vasodilation |to |vital |organs, |release |of |renin |to |boost |BP, |relaxes |bronchioles, |relaxes |uterus, |relaxes |
sphincters |and |smooth |muscle
Epi |Therapeutic |Indications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1) |anaphylaxis: |dilates |bronchioles, |
vasoconstriction, |increases |HR |
2) |MI: |improves |cardiac |function |
3) |status |asthmaticus: |opens |bronchioles
Epi |ADRs |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-agitation, |increased |BP, |hypertensive |crisis, |dyspnea, |dysrhythmia, |
hyperglycemia, |straining |d/t |constipation, |angina, |mydriasis
Epi |Drug |Interactions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-drugs |that |increase |effects |of |epi: |adrenergic |agonists, |
anticholinergic |meds |and |stimulants
drugs |that |decrease |effects |of |epi: |adrenergic |antagonists, |cholinergic |meds |and |antihypertensives
Epi |Contraindications |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-sulfite |allergy, |tachyarrhythmias, |angina, |CVD, |
hyperthyroid, |coronary |insufficiency |
no |absolute |contraindication... |if |it |saves |life, |worth |it!
Phenylephrine |is |what |type |of |drug? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Alpha |1 |Agonist
