BIOLOGY 1500 FINAL ASSESSMENT
TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Most animals that are larger than a single cell have a body part that is adapted to
serve as a specialized respiratory surface. Which of the following is a characteristic
of ALL animal respiratory surfaces? - ANSWER-They are wet or moist.
The paper by Clapham and Karr identified a second factor besides the Oxygen
content of the air that influenced the maximum insect size during their evolutionary
history. This factor is: - ANSWER-The absence/presence of large aerial predators
After a set of electrons has moved through the electron transport chain in cellular
respiration, where is their energy located? - ANSWER-In the concentration gradient
of protons
Cells that are very active in performing cellular respiration are likely to contain large
numbers of: - ANSWER-Mitochondria
The building blocks of _____ are fatty acids , while proteins are made up of ______ -
ANSWER-fatty acids
amino acids
Why do cells perform cellular respiration? - ANSWER-To make ATP
A molecule of glucose has just undergone glycolysis in one of your brain cells. What
will happen next? - ANSWER-Pyruvic acid will be prepared for the citric acid cycle.
When people preserve their own vegetables, it is important to heat the sealed jars to
a high enough temperature to kill the bacteria that cause botulism (a form of food
poisoning). The botulism bacteria thrive in sealed food containers in which no
oxygen is present. Based on this information, what can you conclude about these
bacteria? - ANSWER-As the protons flow through the AT Synthase, they cause the
ADP and the phosphate group to be brought close enough together that a bond can
form, generating ATP.
How does ATP synthase transfer the energy of the proton gradient into ATP? -
ANSWER-As the protons pass through the ATP synthase they induce rotation which
presses the ADP and Pi close together, so that they form a bond.
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration? - ANSWER-Both have water as a by-product
Although cellular respiration is advantageous for your muscle cells, why do they
sometimes switch to lactic acid fermentation? - ANSWER-because sometimes there
isn't enough oxygen for cellular respiration
, Which of the following statements best summarizes the conclusions of the Klok
experiments with fruit flies, with regard to the evolution of dragonfly size? -
ANSWER-The magnitude of the increase in body size in hyperoxic conditions
suggests that dragonflies could have evolved their large size over a small portion of
the Carboniferous.
In what way do both plants and animals use the oxygen released by a plant? -
ANSWER-for cellular respiration
Which of the following could be the outcome of hydrolysis? - ANSWER-A starch is
broken into simple sugar molecules
You have a culture of cells growing in a flask in the laboratory. You observe that they
produce carbon dioxide as a result of cellular respiration. Could the cells in the flask
be plant cells? - ANSWER-Yes, because plant cells use cellular respiration to
generate ATP.
Many midwestern farmers are growing corn to be used in the production of ethanol,
which is a kind of alcohol. The corn undergoes a fermentation process to generate
the ethanol. Given this information, what additional compound is produced in large
quantities by ethanol factories? - ANSWER-carbon dioxide
You have isolated a cell and you want to determine whether it is a prokaryote or a
eukaryote. Which of the following questions will help you decide which it is? -
ANSWER-Does the cell have lysosomes?
In preparation for watching the Super Bowl, Michelle prepared her favorite snack:
broccoli with sour cream & onion dip. The broccoli grew on a farm. Where did the
broccoli plant get most of the matter that makes up the broccoli? - ANSWER-the air
A biologist wants to know whether eating a diet high in glucose selects for larger
body size in rodents. She creates two groups of mice. Group 1 is fed a standard
rodent diet. Group 2 is fed a diet with 20% more glucose than is standard. The mice
are housed under these conditions for 8 generations, following which all mice are fed
the standard rodent diet for one generation. The biologist then weighs the mice in the
9th generation and finds that the mice in the high glucose treatment weigh
significantly more than the mice in the standard glucose treatment. What was the
purpose of moving the mice in the high-glucose treatment to a standard rodent diet
for the final generation of the experiment? - ANSWER-To verify that any changes in
body size over the generations were the result of a genetic change in the population.
Whereas the [ Select ] structure of a protein is caused by interactions between the
backbones of the amino acids, the [ Select ] structure is caused by interactions
between the R groups. - ANSWER-secondary
tertiary
When proteins are heated up, they vibrate faster, resulting in the disruption of
chemical bonds in the protein. The bonds that are broken include hydrogen bonds
and covalent bonds, but not peptide bonds. Given this information, which level of
TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Most animals that are larger than a single cell have a body part that is adapted to
serve as a specialized respiratory surface. Which of the following is a characteristic
of ALL animal respiratory surfaces? - ANSWER-They are wet or moist.
The paper by Clapham and Karr identified a second factor besides the Oxygen
content of the air that influenced the maximum insect size during their evolutionary
history. This factor is: - ANSWER-The absence/presence of large aerial predators
After a set of electrons has moved through the electron transport chain in cellular
respiration, where is their energy located? - ANSWER-In the concentration gradient
of protons
Cells that are very active in performing cellular respiration are likely to contain large
numbers of: - ANSWER-Mitochondria
The building blocks of _____ are fatty acids , while proteins are made up of ______ -
ANSWER-fatty acids
amino acids
Why do cells perform cellular respiration? - ANSWER-To make ATP
A molecule of glucose has just undergone glycolysis in one of your brain cells. What
will happen next? - ANSWER-Pyruvic acid will be prepared for the citric acid cycle.
When people preserve their own vegetables, it is important to heat the sealed jars to
a high enough temperature to kill the bacteria that cause botulism (a form of food
poisoning). The botulism bacteria thrive in sealed food containers in which no
oxygen is present. Based on this information, what can you conclude about these
bacteria? - ANSWER-As the protons flow through the AT Synthase, they cause the
ADP and the phosphate group to be brought close enough together that a bond can
form, generating ATP.
How does ATP synthase transfer the energy of the proton gradient into ATP? -
ANSWER-As the protons pass through the ATP synthase they induce rotation which
presses the ADP and Pi close together, so that they form a bond.
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration? - ANSWER-Both have water as a by-product
Although cellular respiration is advantageous for your muscle cells, why do they
sometimes switch to lactic acid fermentation? - ANSWER-because sometimes there
isn't enough oxygen for cellular respiration
, Which of the following statements best summarizes the conclusions of the Klok
experiments with fruit flies, with regard to the evolution of dragonfly size? -
ANSWER-The magnitude of the increase in body size in hyperoxic conditions
suggests that dragonflies could have evolved their large size over a small portion of
the Carboniferous.
In what way do both plants and animals use the oxygen released by a plant? -
ANSWER-for cellular respiration
Which of the following could be the outcome of hydrolysis? - ANSWER-A starch is
broken into simple sugar molecules
You have a culture of cells growing in a flask in the laboratory. You observe that they
produce carbon dioxide as a result of cellular respiration. Could the cells in the flask
be plant cells? - ANSWER-Yes, because plant cells use cellular respiration to
generate ATP.
Many midwestern farmers are growing corn to be used in the production of ethanol,
which is a kind of alcohol. The corn undergoes a fermentation process to generate
the ethanol. Given this information, what additional compound is produced in large
quantities by ethanol factories? - ANSWER-carbon dioxide
You have isolated a cell and you want to determine whether it is a prokaryote or a
eukaryote. Which of the following questions will help you decide which it is? -
ANSWER-Does the cell have lysosomes?
In preparation for watching the Super Bowl, Michelle prepared her favorite snack:
broccoli with sour cream & onion dip. The broccoli grew on a farm. Where did the
broccoli plant get most of the matter that makes up the broccoli? - ANSWER-the air
A biologist wants to know whether eating a diet high in glucose selects for larger
body size in rodents. She creates two groups of mice. Group 1 is fed a standard
rodent diet. Group 2 is fed a diet with 20% more glucose than is standard. The mice
are housed under these conditions for 8 generations, following which all mice are fed
the standard rodent diet for one generation. The biologist then weighs the mice in the
9th generation and finds that the mice in the high glucose treatment weigh
significantly more than the mice in the standard glucose treatment. What was the
purpose of moving the mice in the high-glucose treatment to a standard rodent diet
for the final generation of the experiment? - ANSWER-To verify that any changes in
body size over the generations were the result of a genetic change in the population.
Whereas the [ Select ] structure of a protein is caused by interactions between the
backbones of the amino acids, the [ Select ] structure is caused by interactions
between the R groups. - ANSWER-secondary
tertiary
When proteins are heated up, they vibrate faster, resulting in the disruption of
chemical bonds in the protein. The bonds that are broken include hydrogen bonds
and covalent bonds, but not peptide bonds. Given this information, which level of
