Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia Board
Review questions well answered graded
A+
at rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
- correct answer ✔✔describe the polarization of a nerve cell:
when there is an influx of Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+)
charge. - correct answer ✔✔describe the depolarization of a nerve cell:
begins immediately after depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to
restore equilibrium. - correct answer ✔✔describe the repolarization of a nerve cell:
faster; less - correct answer ✔✔myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________
energy.
the passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell. - correct answer ✔✔what do the nodes of
ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for?
to block pain perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions. - correct
answer ✔✔what is the primary action of local anesthetics?
in the pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys. - correct
answer ✔✔where does the biotransformation of esters occur?
in the liver and is then excreted by the kidneys. - correct answer ✔✔where does the
biotransformation of amides occur?
, amides - correct answer ✔✔which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic
reaction?
esters; amides - correct answer ✔✔___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions,
and _____________ are resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions.
pain - correct answer ✔✔what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics?
to maintain an isotonic solution - correct answer ✔✔what is the function of sodium chloride in
local anesthetics?
because of its low pH, local anesthetic is less effective. - correct answer ✔✔what happens when
there is infection in the area of an injection?
carbocaine 3% - correct answer ✔✔what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a
vasoconstricter?
.2 mg - correct answer ✔✔what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient?
.04 mg - correct answer ✔✔what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac
compromised patient?
they significantly delay absorption and removal of the local anesthetic solution thus they
provide a much longer time for the completion of a procedure. - correct answer ✔✔what is the
advantage of using a vasoconstricter in local anesthetic?
sodium bisulfite - correct answer ✔✔what is used as a preservative for epinephrine in local
anesthetics?
Review questions well answered graded
A+
at rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
- correct answer ✔✔describe the polarization of a nerve cell:
when there is an influx of Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+)
charge. - correct answer ✔✔describe the depolarization of a nerve cell:
begins immediately after depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to
restore equilibrium. - correct answer ✔✔describe the repolarization of a nerve cell:
faster; less - correct answer ✔✔myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________
energy.
the passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell. - correct answer ✔✔what do the nodes of
ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for?
to block pain perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions. - correct
answer ✔✔what is the primary action of local anesthetics?
in the pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys. - correct
answer ✔✔where does the biotransformation of esters occur?
in the liver and is then excreted by the kidneys. - correct answer ✔✔where does the
biotransformation of amides occur?
, amides - correct answer ✔✔which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic
reaction?
esters; amides - correct answer ✔✔___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions,
and _____________ are resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions.
pain - correct answer ✔✔what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics?
to maintain an isotonic solution - correct answer ✔✔what is the function of sodium chloride in
local anesthetics?
because of its low pH, local anesthetic is less effective. - correct answer ✔✔what happens when
there is infection in the area of an injection?
carbocaine 3% - correct answer ✔✔what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a
vasoconstricter?
.2 mg - correct answer ✔✔what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient?
.04 mg - correct answer ✔✔what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac
compromised patient?
they significantly delay absorption and removal of the local anesthetic solution thus they
provide a much longer time for the completion of a procedure. - correct answer ✔✔what is the
advantage of using a vasoconstricter in local anesthetic?
sodium bisulfite - correct answer ✔✔what is used as a preservative for epinephrine in local
anesthetics?
