NUTR 280 Exam Questions and Answers |Complete Solutions Graded A+ |100% Correct
"Percent Daily Value" (% DV) Amount of a nutrient in a food as a percentage of the DV;
based on a 2000-calorie diet; & serves as a frame of reference even if calorie needs are lower or
higher
Two ways of looking at the % DV - Intake goal to STRIVE to meet
- A value not to EXCEED each day
health claim statements that refer to a relationship between a nutrient, food, food
component, or dietary supplement and reduced risk of a disease or health-related condition
qualified health claims - claims about emerging evidence but not well-established evidence.
- such claims must be accompanied by an explanatory statement (disclaimer) to avoid
misleading consumers
They are not regulated by FDA Dietary Supplement Labels
Digestive system the body system ("organ system") that breaks down food into smaller
components (nutrients), absorbs nutrients, and eliminates solid waste products.
Digestion the process of breaking down large food molecules into nutrients that the body
can absorb and subsequently use.
Absorption the process of nutrient uptake from the gastrointestinal tract for transport
through the cardiovascular (circulatory) system or the lymphatic (immune) system.
Gastrointestinal tract (GI Tract) · Flexible muscular tube (~26-30 ft.)
· Runs through the →central part of the body
· Human body & the GI tract is like a "doughnut".
, o Human body ="fried dough"
o GI tract = "doughnut hole"
o Hence, ingested food is technically not inside the body
Transit time - Time between the ingestion of food and the elimination of the solid waste
from that food.
- Time (24 to 72 hrs.) "food" travels the length of the gut (mouth to the anus).
Accessory organs teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Mucus watery, slippery fluid that protects the intestinal lining and eases the flow of
materials.
Saliva watery fluid that contains mucus and a few enzymes; produced and secreted into the
mouth by salivary glands.
Enzyme protein that allows chemical reactions to occur at a rapid rate including those
involved in the breakdown of food into absorbable parts.
Bile fluid that is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for fat
digestion and absorption.
Mechanical digestion - Physical breakdown of food as it passes through the intestinal tract
- Chewing, grinding, and mixing of food
Chemical digestion Breakdown of large nutrient molecules in food into smaller components,
primarily by the action of enzymes.
Bolus The "ball" of chewed food mixed with saliva
"Percent Daily Value" (% DV) Amount of a nutrient in a food as a percentage of the DV;
based on a 2000-calorie diet; & serves as a frame of reference even if calorie needs are lower or
higher
Two ways of looking at the % DV - Intake goal to STRIVE to meet
- A value not to EXCEED each day
health claim statements that refer to a relationship between a nutrient, food, food
component, or dietary supplement and reduced risk of a disease or health-related condition
qualified health claims - claims about emerging evidence but not well-established evidence.
- such claims must be accompanied by an explanatory statement (disclaimer) to avoid
misleading consumers
They are not regulated by FDA Dietary Supplement Labels
Digestive system the body system ("organ system") that breaks down food into smaller
components (nutrients), absorbs nutrients, and eliminates solid waste products.
Digestion the process of breaking down large food molecules into nutrients that the body
can absorb and subsequently use.
Absorption the process of nutrient uptake from the gastrointestinal tract for transport
through the cardiovascular (circulatory) system or the lymphatic (immune) system.
Gastrointestinal tract (GI Tract) · Flexible muscular tube (~26-30 ft.)
· Runs through the →central part of the body
· Human body & the GI tract is like a "doughnut".
, o Human body ="fried dough"
o GI tract = "doughnut hole"
o Hence, ingested food is technically not inside the body
Transit time - Time between the ingestion of food and the elimination of the solid waste
from that food.
- Time (24 to 72 hrs.) "food" travels the length of the gut (mouth to the anus).
Accessory organs teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Mucus watery, slippery fluid that protects the intestinal lining and eases the flow of
materials.
Saliva watery fluid that contains mucus and a few enzymes; produced and secreted into the
mouth by salivary glands.
Enzyme protein that allows chemical reactions to occur at a rapid rate including those
involved in the breakdown of food into absorbable parts.
Bile fluid that is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for fat
digestion and absorption.
Mechanical digestion - Physical breakdown of food as it passes through the intestinal tract
- Chewing, grinding, and mixing of food
Chemical digestion Breakdown of large nutrient molecules in food into smaller components,
primarily by the action of enzymes.
Bolus The "ball" of chewed food mixed with saliva
