TEST IUYTRFGH BANK
Principles IUYTRFGH of Human
IUYTRFGH Physiology
IUYTRFGH
Cindy I U YT RF G H Stanfield
6th Edition
IUYTRFGH
,Table of
IUYTRFGH Contents
IUYTRFGH
ChapterIUYTRFGH1IUYTRFGHIntroductionIUYTRFGHtoIUYTRFGHPhysiology 2
ChapterIUYTRFGH2IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHStructureIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHFunction 34
ChapterIUYTRFGH3IUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGHMetabolism 93
ChapterIUYTRFGH4IUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGHMembraneIUYTRFGHTransport 150
ChapterIUYTRFGH5IUYTRFGHChemicalIUYTRFGHMessengers 196
ChapterIUYTRFGH6IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHGlandsIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHHormoneIUYTRFGHActions 236
ChapterIUYTRFGH7IUYTRFGHNerveIUYTRFGHCellsIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHElectricalIUYTRFGHSignaling 262
ChapterIUYTRFGH8IUYTRFGHSynapticIUYTRFGHTransmissionIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHNeuralIUYTRFGHIntegration 303
ChapterIUYTRFGH9IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHCentralIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystem 349
ChapterIUYTRFGH10IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHSensoryIUYTRFGHSystems 402
ChapterIUYTRFGH11IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHAutonomicIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHMotorIUYTRFGHSystems 475
ChapterIUYTRFGH12IUYTRFGHMuscleIUYTRFGHPhysiology 500
ChapterIUYTRFGH13IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHCardiacIUYTRFGHFunction 557
ChapterIUYTRFGH14IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHVessels,IUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHFlow,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHPressure 603
ChapterIUYTRFGH15IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHBlood 662
ChapterIUYTRFGH16IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHRespiratoryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHPulmonaryIUYTRFGHVentilation 693
ChapterIUYTRFGH17IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHRespiratoryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHGasIUYTRFGHExchangeIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHRegulationIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHBreathing 737
ChapterIUYTRFGH18IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHUrinaryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHRenalIUYTRFGHFunction 785
ChapterIUYTRFGH19IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHUrinaryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHFluidIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHElectrolyteIUYTRFGHBalance 840
ChapterIUYTRFGH20IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHGastrointestinalIUYTRFGHSystem 889
ChapterIUYTRFGH21IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHRegulationIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHEnergyIUYTRFGHMetabolismIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHGrowth 959
ChapterIUYTRFGH22IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHReproductiveIUYTRFGHSystem 1008
ChapterIUYTRFGH23IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHImmuneIUYTRFGHSystem 1066
ChapterIUYTRFGH24IUYTRFGHDiabetesIUYTRFGHMellitus 1113
, TestIUYTRFGHBankIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHPrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH6eIU
YTRFGH(Stanfield,IUYTRFGH2016)
PrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH
6eIUYTRFGH(Stanfield)IUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGH1I U Y T R F G
H IntroductionIUYTRFGHtoIUYTRFGHPhysiology
1.1 MultipleIUYTRFGHChoiceIUYTRFGHQuestions
1) TheIUYTRFGHsmallestIUYTRFGHlivingIUYTRFGHunitsIUYTRFGHcapableIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHcarryingIUYTRFGHoutIUYTRFGHtheirIUYTRFGHownIUYTRFGHb
asicIUYTRFGHlifeIUYTRFGHfunctionsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHcalled
A) organs.
B) organIUYTRFGHsystems.
C) tissues.
D) cells.
E) organelles.
Answer:I U Y T
R F G H D
HAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
2) CellsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHclassifiedIUYTRFGHintoIUYTRFGHwhichIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHfollowingIUYTRFGHfourIUYTRFGHbroadIUYTRFGHc
ategories?
A) squamous,IUYTRFGHcubodial,IUYTRFGHcolumnar,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHbasementIUYTRFGHmembranes
B) skeletal,IUYTRFGHcardiac,IUYTRFGHendocrine,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHnervous
C) neurons,IUYTRFGHmuscle,IUYTRFGHepithelial,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHconnectiveIUYTRFGHtissue
D) atoms,IUYTRFGHtissues,IUYTRFGHorgans,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHorganIUYTRFGHsystems
E) endocrine,IUYTRFGHnervous,IUYTRFGHintegumentary,IUYTRFGHandIUY
TRFGHreproductiveIUYTRFGHAnswer:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
3) EpithelialIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHassociatedIUYTRFGHwithIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHnoncellularIUYTRFGHmaterialIUYTRFGHcalledIUYTRFGH
a(n)
A) fibroblast.
B) connectiveIUYTRFGHtissue.
C) endocrineIUYTRFGHgland.
D) basementIUYTRFGHmembrane.
E) muscleIUYTRFGHfi
ber.IUYTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H D
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
1
| PI
IUYTRFGH IUYTRFGH
UYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHgI
, TestIUYTRFGHBankIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHPrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH6eIU
YTRFGH(Stanfield,IUYTRFGH2016)
4) areIUYTRFGHfoundIUYTRFGHinIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHliningsIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHhollowIUYTRFGHorgansIUYTRFGHwher
eIUYTRFGHtheyIUYTRFGHseparateIUYTRFGHfluidsIUYTRFGHinIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHinteriorIUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHfromIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFG
HsurroundingIUYTRFGHbodyIUYTRFGHfluids.IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHinteriorIUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHhollowIUYTRFGH
organIUYTRFGHorIUYTRFGHvesselIUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGHknownIUYTRFGHasIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGH .
A) EndocrineIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHlumen
B) SmoothIUYTRFGHmuscleIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHcavity
C) EpithelialIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHlumen
D) ConnectiveIUYTRFGHtissuesIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHbasementIUYTRFGHmembran
E) ElastinIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH
:IUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
5) TheIUYTRFGHtissueIUYTRFGHtypeIUYTRFGHthatIUYTRFGHgeneratesIUYTRFGHmechanicalIUYTRFGHforceIUYTRFGHandIUYTR
FGHmovement,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHwhoseIUYTRFGHactivityIUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGHcontrolledIUYTRFGHbothIUYTRFGHonIUYT
RFGHaIUYTRFGHvoluntaryIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHinvoluntaryIUYTRFGHlevel,IUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGH tissue.
A) muscle
B) epithelial
C) connective
D) nervous
E) skeletalIU
YTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H A
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1|2
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
6) GlandsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHderivedIUYTRFGHfromIUYTRFGHwhatIUYTRFGHtypeIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHtissue?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nerve
E) reticular
IUYTRFGHAnsw
er:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
2
| PI
IUYTRFGH IUYTRFGH
UYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHgI
Principles IUYTRFGH of Human
IUYTRFGH Physiology
IUYTRFGH
Cindy I U YT RF G H Stanfield
6th Edition
IUYTRFGH
,Table of
IUYTRFGH Contents
IUYTRFGH
ChapterIUYTRFGH1IUYTRFGHIntroductionIUYTRFGHtoIUYTRFGHPhysiology 2
ChapterIUYTRFGH2IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHStructureIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHFunction 34
ChapterIUYTRFGH3IUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGHMetabolism 93
ChapterIUYTRFGH4IUYTRFGHCellIUYTRFGHMembraneIUYTRFGHTransport 150
ChapterIUYTRFGH5IUYTRFGHChemicalIUYTRFGHMessengers 196
ChapterIUYTRFGH6IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHGlandsIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHHormoneIUYTRFGHActions 236
ChapterIUYTRFGH7IUYTRFGHNerveIUYTRFGHCellsIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHElectricalIUYTRFGHSignaling 262
ChapterIUYTRFGH8IUYTRFGHSynapticIUYTRFGHTransmissionIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHNeuralIUYTRFGHIntegration 303
ChapterIUYTRFGH9IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHCentralIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystem 349
ChapterIUYTRFGH10IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHSensoryIUYTRFGHSystems 402
ChapterIUYTRFGH11IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHNervousIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHAutonomicIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHMotorIUYTRFGHSystems 475
ChapterIUYTRFGH12IUYTRFGHMuscleIUYTRFGHPhysiology 500
ChapterIUYTRFGH13IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHCardiacIUYTRFGHFunction 557
ChapterIUYTRFGH14IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHVessels,IUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHFlow,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHBloodIUYTRFGHPressure 603
ChapterIUYTRFGH15IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHCardiovascularIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHBlood 662
ChapterIUYTRFGH16IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHRespiratoryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHPulmonaryIUYTRFGHVentilation 693
ChapterIUYTRFGH17IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHRespiratoryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHGasIUYTRFGHExchangeIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHRegulationIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHBreathing 737
ChapterIUYTRFGH18IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHUrinaryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHRenalIUYTRFGHFunction 785
ChapterIUYTRFGH19IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHUrinaryIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-IUYTRFGHFluidIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHElectrolyteIUYTRFGHBalance 840
ChapterIUYTRFGH20IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHGastrointestinalIUYTRFGHSystem 889
ChapterIUYTRFGH21IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHEndocrineIUYTRFGHSystemIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHRegulationIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHEnergyIUYTRFGHMetabolismIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHGrowth 959
ChapterIUYTRFGH22IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHReproductiveIUYTRFGHSystem 1008
ChapterIUYTRFGH23IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHImmuneIUYTRFGHSystem 1066
ChapterIUYTRFGH24IUYTRFGHDiabetesIUYTRFGHMellitus 1113
, TestIUYTRFGHBankIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHPrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH6eIU
YTRFGH(Stanfield,IUYTRFGH2016)
PrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH
6eIUYTRFGH(Stanfield)IUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGH1I U Y T R F G
H IntroductionIUYTRFGHtoIUYTRFGHPhysiology
1.1 MultipleIUYTRFGHChoiceIUYTRFGHQuestions
1) TheIUYTRFGHsmallestIUYTRFGHlivingIUYTRFGHunitsIUYTRFGHcapableIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHcarryingIUYTRFGHoutIUYTRFGHtheirIUYTRFGHownIUYTRFGHb
asicIUYTRFGHlifeIUYTRFGHfunctionsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHcalled
A) organs.
B) organIUYTRFGHsystems.
C) tissues.
D) cells.
E) organelles.
Answer:I U Y T
R F G H D
HAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
2) CellsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHclassifiedIUYTRFGHintoIUYTRFGHwhichIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHfollowingIUYTRFGHfourIUYTRFGHbroadIUYTRFGHc
ategories?
A) squamous,IUYTRFGHcubodial,IUYTRFGHcolumnar,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHbasementIUYTRFGHmembranes
B) skeletal,IUYTRFGHcardiac,IUYTRFGHendocrine,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHnervous
C) neurons,IUYTRFGHmuscle,IUYTRFGHepithelial,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHconnectiveIUYTRFGHtissue
D) atoms,IUYTRFGHtissues,IUYTRFGHorgans,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHorganIUYTRFGHsystems
E) endocrine,IUYTRFGHnervous,IUYTRFGHintegumentary,IUYTRFGHandIUY
TRFGHreproductiveIUYTRFGHAnswer:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
3) EpithelialIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHassociatedIUYTRFGHwithIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHnoncellularIUYTRFGHmaterialIUYTRFGHcalledIUYTRFGH
a(n)
A) fibroblast.
B) connectiveIUYTRFGHtissue.
C) endocrineIUYTRFGHgland.
D) basementIUYTRFGHmembrane.
E) muscleIUYTRFGHfi
ber.IUYTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H D
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
1
| PI
IUYTRFGH IUYTRFGH
UYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHgI
, TestIUYTRFGHBankIUYTRFGH-
IUYTRFGHPrinciplesIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHHumanIUYTRFGHPhysiology,IUYTRFGH6eIU
YTRFGH(Stanfield,IUYTRFGH2016)
4) areIUYTRFGHfoundIUYTRFGHinIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHliningsIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHhollowIUYTRFGHorgansIUYTRFGHwher
eIUYTRFGHtheyIUYTRFGHseparateIUYTRFGHfluidsIUYTRFGHinIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFGHinteriorIUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHfromIUYTRFGHtheIUYTRFG
HsurroundingIUYTRFGHbodyIUYTRFGHfluids.IUYTRFGHTheIUYTRFGHinteriorIUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHhollowIUYTRFGH
organIUYTRFGHorIUYTRFGHvesselIUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGHknownIUYTRFGHasIUYTRFGHaIUYTRFGH .
A) EndocrineIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHlumen
B) SmoothIUYTRFGHmuscleIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHcavity
C) EpithelialIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHlumen
D) ConnectiveIUYTRFGHtissuesIUYTRFGH:IUYTRFGHbasementIUYTRFGHmembran
E) ElastinIUYTRFGHcellsIUYTRFGH
:IUYTRFGHcavityIUYTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
5) TheIUYTRFGHtissueIUYTRFGHtypeIUYTRFGHthatIUYTRFGHgeneratesIUYTRFGHmechanicalIUYTRFGHforceIUYTRFGHandIUYTR
FGHmovement,IUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHwhoseIUYTRFGHactivityIUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGHcontrolledIUYTRFGHbothIUYTRFGHonIUYT
RFGHaIUYTRFGHvoluntaryIUYTRFGHandIUYTRFGHinvoluntaryIUYTRFGHlevel,IUYTRFGHisIUYTRFGH tissue.
A) muscle
B) epithelial
C) connective
D) nervous
E) skeletalIU
YTRFGHAnswe
r:I U Y T R F G H A
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1|2
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
6) GlandsIUYTRFGHareIUYTRFGHderivedIUYTRFGHfromIUYTRFGHwhatIUYTRFGHtypeIUYTRFGHofIUYTRFGHtissue?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nerve
E) reticular
IUYTRFGHAnsw
er:I U Y T R F G H C
LearningIUYTRFGHOutcome:I U Y T R
F G H 1.1IUYTRFGHHAPSIUYTRFGHLO:I
U Y T R F G H HAPS-1
Bloom'sIUYTRFGHTaxonomy:I U Y T R F G H Kno
wledgeIUYTRFGHChapterIUYTRFGHSection:I U Y
T R F G H 1.1
2
| PI
IUYTRFGH IUYTRFGH
UYTRFGHaIUYTRFGHgI
