Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
1. Adbsorption Movement of a drug from the
outside of the body into the
bloodstream
2. Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Same as Adverse Effect
3. Adverse Effect A drug effect that is more se-
vere than expected and has
the potential to damage tis-
sue or cause serious health
problems.
It may also be called a toxic
effect or toxicity and usually
requires intervention by the
prescriber
4. Agonist An extrinsic drug that acti-
vates the receptor site of a
cell and mimics the actions of
naturally occurring body sub-
stances (intrinsic drugs)
5. Allergic Response Type of adverse effect in
which the presence of the
drug stimulates the release
of histamine and other body
chemicals that cause inflam-
matory reactions.
The response may be as mild
as a rash or as severe and life
threatening as anaphylaxis
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
6. Antagonist An extrinsic drug that blocks
the receptor site of a cell, pre-
venting the naturally occuring
body substance from binding
to the receptor
7. Bioavailability The percentage of a drug
dose that actually reaches the
blood
8. Black Box Warning A notice that a drug
may produce serious or
even life-threatening effect in
some people in addition to its
beneficial effects
9. Brand Name A manufacturer-owned name
of generic drug;
Also called "trade name" or
"proprietary name"
10. Contraindication A personal or health-related
reason for not administering
a specific drug to a patient or
a group of patients
11. Cytotoxic Drug action that is intended
to kill a cell or an organism
12. Distribution (Drug Distribution)
The extent that a drug ab-
sorbed into the bloodstream
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
spreads into the three body
water compartments
13. Drug Any small molecule that
changes any body function by
working at the chemical and
cell levels
14. Drug Therapy The planned use of a drug to
prevent or improve a health
problem
15. Duration of Action The length of time a drug
is present in the blood at
or above the level needed to
prodice an effect or response
16. Elimination The removal of drugs from
the body accomplished by
certain body systems
17. Enteral Route Movememnt of drugs from
the outside of the body to
the inside using the gastroin-
testinal tract
18. First-Pass Loss Rapid inactivation or elimina-
tion of oral drugs as a result
of liver metabolism
19. Generic Name National and international
public drug name created by
the United States Adopted
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
Names (USAN) Council to in-
dicate the usual use or chem-
ical composition of a drug
20. USAN United States Adopted
Names
21. Half-Life Time span needed for one
half of a drug dose to be elim-
inated
22. High-Alert Drug A drug that has an increased
risk for causing patient harm
if it us used in error
23. Intended Action Desired Effect (main effect) of
a drug on a specific body cells
or tissues;
Same as Therapeutic Re-
sponse
24. Loading Dose The first dose of a drug that
is larger than all subsequent
doses of the same drug;
Used when it takes more drug
to reach steady state than it
does to maintain it
25. Mechanism of Action Exactly how, at the cellular lev-
el, a drug to reach steady
state than it does to maintain
it
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
1. Adbsorption Movement of a drug from the
outside of the body into the
bloodstream
2. Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Same as Adverse Effect
3. Adverse Effect A drug effect that is more se-
vere than expected and has
the potential to damage tis-
sue or cause serious health
problems.
It may also be called a toxic
effect or toxicity and usually
requires intervention by the
prescriber
4. Agonist An extrinsic drug that acti-
vates the receptor site of a
cell and mimics the actions of
naturally occurring body sub-
stances (intrinsic drugs)
5. Allergic Response Type of adverse effect in
which the presence of the
drug stimulates the release
of histamine and other body
chemicals that cause inflam-
matory reactions.
The response may be as mild
as a rash or as severe and life
threatening as anaphylaxis
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
6. Antagonist An extrinsic drug that blocks
the receptor site of a cell, pre-
venting the naturally occuring
body substance from binding
to the receptor
7. Bioavailability The percentage of a drug
dose that actually reaches the
blood
8. Black Box Warning A notice that a drug
may produce serious or
even life-threatening effect in
some people in addition to its
beneficial effects
9. Brand Name A manufacturer-owned name
of generic drug;
Also called "trade name" or
"proprietary name"
10. Contraindication A personal or health-related
reason for not administering
a specific drug to a patient or
a group of patients
11. Cytotoxic Drug action that is intended
to kill a cell or an organism
12. Distribution (Drug Distribution)
The extent that a drug ab-
sorbed into the bloodstream
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
spreads into the three body
water compartments
13. Drug Any small molecule that
changes any body function by
working at the chemical and
cell levels
14. Drug Therapy The planned use of a drug to
prevent or improve a health
problem
15. Duration of Action The length of time a drug
is present in the blood at
or above the level needed to
prodice an effect or response
16. Elimination The removal of drugs from
the body accomplished by
certain body systems
17. Enteral Route Movememnt of drugs from
the outside of the body to
the inside using the gastroin-
testinal tract
18. First-Pass Loss Rapid inactivation or elimina-
tion of oral drugs as a result
of liver metabolism
19. Generic Name National and international
public drug name created by
the United States Adopted
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter
Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_4c1g9h
Names (USAN) Council to in-
dicate the usual use or chem-
ical composition of a drug
20. USAN United States Adopted
Names
21. Half-Life Time span needed for one
half of a drug dose to be elim-
inated
22. High-Alert Drug A drug that has an increased
risk for causing patient harm
if it us used in error
23. Intended Action Desired Effect (main effect) of
a drug on a specific body cells
or tissues;
Same as Therapeutic Re-
sponse
24. Loading Dose The first dose of a drug that
is larger than all subsequent
doses of the same drug;
Used when it takes more drug
to reach steady state than it
does to maintain it
25. Mechanism of Action Exactly how, at the cellular lev-
el, a drug to reach steady
state than it does to maintain
it
