ATI - The Cardiovascular System Test Questions with Correct Answers

A nurse is reviewing new prescriptions with a client who has heart disease. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following drugs is prescribed to treat hypercholesterolemia? A. Simvastatin B. Furosemide C. Losartan D. Nitroglycerin - ANSWERSA. Simvastatin A nurse is caring for a client who is taking carvedilol and has a prescription for an oral antidiabetic drug to manage their new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By taking both drugs concurrently, the nurse should identify that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following conditions? A. Hyperglycemia B. Bradycardia C. Hypotension D. Hypoglycemia - ANSWERSD. Hypoglycemia A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs is used only for the short-term treatment of a cardiac dysrhythmia because of the serious adverse effects associated with long-term use? A. Quinidine B. Procainamide C. Nitroglyceride D. Verapamil - ANSWERSB. Procainamide A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because it can cause the client to experience which of the following conditions? A. Tachycardia B. Dehydration C. Diarrhea D. Hypotension - ANSWERSD. Hypotension A nurse should recognize that milrinone is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following conditions? A. Acute myocardial infarction B. Peripheral vascular disease C. Ulcerative colitis D. Ventricular tachycardia - ANSWERSA. Acute myocardial infarction A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for quinidine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. "Monitor your pulse rate and report changes." B. "Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking this medication." C. "This medication can decrease digoxin levels." D. "This medication can cause urinary incontinence." - ANSWERSA. "Monitor your pulse rate and report changes." A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aliskiren to treat hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the drug? (Select all that apply). A. Hyperkalemia B. Throat swelling C. Constipation D. Cough E. Joint pain - ANSWERSA, B, D A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following manifestations is a potential adverse effect of this drug? A. Headache B. Constipation C. Hypertension D. Hyperglycemia - ANSWERSA. Headache A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client laboratory values requires immediate intervention? A. Sodium 140 mEq/L B. Potassium 5.2 mEq/L C. Chloride 100 mEq/L D. Magnesium 1.9 mEq/L - ANSWERSB. Potassium 5.2 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client who will begin using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. When speaking to the client about the drug, which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply). A. "Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain." B. "Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap." C. "Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites." D. "Apply a new patch when you start your day." E. "Remove patches for 10 to 12 hours each day." - ANSWERSC, D, E A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for propranolol to treat a tachydysrhythmia. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following types of over-the-counter drugs while taking propranolol? A. Antihistamines B. Potassium supplements C. NSAIDs D. Vitamin C - ANSWERSC. NSAIDs A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin and develops changes on their ECG tracing and other manifestations that indicate the client has severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to treat this complication? A. Acetylcysteine B. Flumazenil C. Antigen-binding fragments D. Deferoxamine - ANSWERSC. Antigen-binding fragments A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug? A. Grapefruit juice B. Milk C. Foods high in vitamin K D. NSAIDs - ANSWERSA. Grapefruit juice