AZ POST STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
2025/2026 GRADED A+
✔✔A.R.S. §13-304 - Non Defense to Criminal Liability Based Upon Conduct of Another
- ✔✔It is no defense that:The other person has not been prosecuted for or convicted of
such offense, has been acquitted of such offense, has been con- victed of a different
offense or degree of offense or has an immunity to prosecution or conviction of such
offense
The accused belongs to a class of persons who, by definition of the offense, are legally
incapable of committing the offense in an individual capacity.
✔✔The county attorney shall bring a criminal prosecution against a juvenile in the same
manner as an adult if the juvenile is 15, 16 or 17 years of age and is accused of any of
the following crimes: - ✔✔a. First-degree murder.
b. Second-degree murder.
c. Forcible sexual assault.
d. Armed robbery.
e. Any other violent felony.
f. Any felony offense committed by a chronic felony offender.
✔✔The county attorney may bring a criminal prosecution against a juvenile in the same
manner as an adult if the juvenile is at least 14 years of age and is charged with any of
the following offenses: - ✔✔a. A Class 1 felony.
b. A Class 2 felony.
c. A Class 3 felony in violation of any offense in Chapters 10-17, 19 or 23 of this Title.
d. A Class 3, 4, 5 or 6 felony involving the intentional or knowing infliction of serious
physical injury or the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of a deadly weapon or
dangerous instrument.
e. Aggravated driving under the influence.
f. Any felony offense committed by a chronic
felony offender.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-502 - Insanity; Burden of Proof - ✔✔A person may be found guilty,
except insane, if at the time of the commission of the criminal act the person was
afflicted with a mental disease or defect of such severity that the person did not know
the criminal act was wrong.
✔✔Conditions that do not constitute legal insanity include, but are not limited to: - ✔✔a.
Momentary.
b. Temporary conditions arising from the pressure of the circumstance.
c. Moral decadence.
d. Depravity or passion growing out of anger, jealousy, revenge, hatred or other motives
in a person who does not suffer from a mental disease or defect.
e. An abnormality that is manifested only by criminal conduct
,✔✔A conviction for a felony suspends the following civil rights of the person so
convicted: - ✔✔1. The right to vote.
2. The right to hold public office of trust or profit.
3. The right to serve as a juror.
4. The right to possess a gun or firearm.
5. Any other right the suspension of which is necessary during a period of
imprisonment.
✔✔There are six (6) categories of felonies. From high to low: - ✔✔a. Class 1 felony.
b. Class 2 felony.
c. Class 3 felony.
d. Class 4 felony.
e. Class 5 felony.
f. Class 6 felony.
✔✔There are three (3) categories of misdemeanors. From high to low: - ✔✔a. Class 1
misdemeanor.
b. Class 2 misdemeanor.
c. Class 3 misdemeanor.
✔✔Predicate Felony - ✔✔a. Any felony involving child abuse, a sexual offense or
conduct involving the intentional or knowing infliction of serious physical injury, or
b. The use or exhibition of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument or a dangerous
crime against children in the first or second degree.
JUNE2014 PAGE: 17 of 23
✔✔"School Safety Zone" means: - ✔✔a. The area within 300 feet of a school or
grounds.
b. Public property within 1,000 feet of a school or grounds.
c. School bus.
d. School bus stop.
✔✔Offenses Committed in a School Safety Zone - ✔✔A person who commits a felony
offense in a school zone (with the exception of A.R.S. §13-3411) is guilty of the same
class of felony if it had not been a school zone except that the court may impose a
sentence one (1) year longer than the presumptive minimum or maximum.
✔✔A warrant MUST BE - ✔✔CONFIRMED prior to serving.
✔✔The arrest warrant must be facially - ✔✔valid (also referred to as 'fair on its face') -
in other words, it must appear to a reasonable police officer to be valid if he/she were to
look at it without any knowledge of the circumstances
,✔✔Who has authority to make an arrest? - ✔✔Police officer - with or without an arrest
warrant
✔✔A citizen - ✔✔a. A citizen may make an arrest under certain circumstances, but the
citizen's authority is more limited than that of a peace officer.
b. Limited to felony or breach of the peace misdemeanor (A.R.S. §13-3884).
✔✔A merchant - ✔✔a. Has no power to arrest.
b. Can detain on "reasonable cause" in a reasonable manner, for a reasonable time, on
the premises for questioning or summoning a police officer.
✔✔Parole/probation officers - ✔✔a. Arrest for a violation of parole or probation
condition, if there is no warrant.
b. Make and file a complete record of persons placed under suspended sentence by the
court.
c. Exercise general supervision and observa- tion over persons under suspended
sentence by the court.
✔✔How is the arrest made - ✔✔a. The arrestee is engaged in the offense.
b. The arrestee is pursued immediately after the offense, or after an escape, or flees or
forcibly resists; or
c. Giving the information would imperil the arrest.
✔✔After arrest (A.R.S. §13-3900) citizens must: - ✔✔1. Deliver the arrestee to a peace
officer; or
2. take the arrestee before the nearest or most accessible magistrate and,
3. either the officer, or if the officer cannot, the citizen, shall swear out a complaint in
front of the magistrate showing the facts of the offense.
✔✔Time of day (A.R.S. §13-3882) - ✔✔allows an arrest to be made any time of the day
or night and any day of the week.
✔✔`You have a warrant to arrest for John Doe for robbery. A neighbor calls telling you
that John Doe is home and when you arrive a couple of minutes later, you find John
Doe's car in the driveway. John Doe owns the home and the neighbor confirms he has
not seen John Doe leave. You go up to the door and knock and announce, but receive
no answer after a couple of minutes. The door is closed, but unlocked and you enter the
home. Lawful entry? - ✔✔Yes, the entry was lawful. You had an arrest warrant and
probable cause to believe the suspect was there. In accordance with A.R.S. §13-3891,
you knocked and announced and only entered after a reasonable time.
✔✔Officer Rios has a felony arrest warrant for Bill Jones. She also has probable cause
to believe he is inside at a friend's residence. After knocking, announcing and waiting a
reasonable time period, may Officer Rios lawfully force entry into the premises? -
, ✔✔No. must also have a search warrant authorizing entry to the friend's residence or
permission from the friend to enter the prem- ises.
✔✔Deputy Smith and his partner are pursuing Susie Jones for a bank robbery that just
occurred. They pursue her to a house that she enters. They surround the house and
knock at the door with no response. May entry be forced? - ✔✔Yes, may forcibly enter
the premises, but should continue to identify themselves after entry.
✔✔Most arrests are made without - ✔✔arrest warrant
✔✔Requirements after an arrest without a warrant. - ✔✔1. When a person is arrested
without a warrant, they are to be taken, without unnecessary delay, before a magistrate
in the county where the arrest occurred.
2. A complaint must be filed before the magistrate explaining the facts of the case and
the basis of those facts.
✔✔Method of arrest with a warrant - ✔✔Inform the arrestee of the cause of the arrest
and the fact that there is a warrant UNLESS:
a. The arrestee flees or forcibly resists, or
b. Giving of the information will imperil the
arrest.
✔✔If the arrestee requests to see the arrest warrant - ✔✔show it to him/her as soon as
practical (it is not necessary to have it in your possession).
✔✔an arrest warrant can be - ✔✔served any time of the day or night.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-401 Justification; use of reasonable and necessary means. - ✔✔Even
though a person is justified under this Chapter in threatening or using physical force or
deadly physical force against another, if in doing so such person recklessly injures or
kills an innocent third person, the justification afforded by this Chapter is unavailable in
a prosecution for the reckless injury or killing of the innocent third person.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-403. Justification; use of physical force - ✔✔A parent or guardian and a
teacher or other person entrusted with the care and supervision of a minor or
incompetent person may use reasonable and appropriate physical force upon the minor
or incompetent person when, and to the extent, reasonably necessary and appropriate
to maintain discipline
✔✔A.R.S. §13-404. Justification; self-defense. - ✔✔a person is justified in threatening
or using physical force against another when, and to the extent, a reasonable person
would believe that physical force is immediately necessary to protect himself/ herself
against the other's use, or attempted use, of unlawful physical force.
2025/2026 GRADED A+
✔✔A.R.S. §13-304 - Non Defense to Criminal Liability Based Upon Conduct of Another
- ✔✔It is no defense that:The other person has not been prosecuted for or convicted of
such offense, has been acquitted of such offense, has been con- victed of a different
offense or degree of offense or has an immunity to prosecution or conviction of such
offense
The accused belongs to a class of persons who, by definition of the offense, are legally
incapable of committing the offense in an individual capacity.
✔✔The county attorney shall bring a criminal prosecution against a juvenile in the same
manner as an adult if the juvenile is 15, 16 or 17 years of age and is accused of any of
the following crimes: - ✔✔a. First-degree murder.
b. Second-degree murder.
c. Forcible sexual assault.
d. Armed robbery.
e. Any other violent felony.
f. Any felony offense committed by a chronic felony offender.
✔✔The county attorney may bring a criminal prosecution against a juvenile in the same
manner as an adult if the juvenile is at least 14 years of age and is charged with any of
the following offenses: - ✔✔a. A Class 1 felony.
b. A Class 2 felony.
c. A Class 3 felony in violation of any offense in Chapters 10-17, 19 or 23 of this Title.
d. A Class 3, 4, 5 or 6 felony involving the intentional or knowing infliction of serious
physical injury or the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of a deadly weapon or
dangerous instrument.
e. Aggravated driving under the influence.
f. Any felony offense committed by a chronic
felony offender.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-502 - Insanity; Burden of Proof - ✔✔A person may be found guilty,
except insane, if at the time of the commission of the criminal act the person was
afflicted with a mental disease or defect of such severity that the person did not know
the criminal act was wrong.
✔✔Conditions that do not constitute legal insanity include, but are not limited to: - ✔✔a.
Momentary.
b. Temporary conditions arising from the pressure of the circumstance.
c. Moral decadence.
d. Depravity or passion growing out of anger, jealousy, revenge, hatred or other motives
in a person who does not suffer from a mental disease or defect.
e. An abnormality that is manifested only by criminal conduct
,✔✔A conviction for a felony suspends the following civil rights of the person so
convicted: - ✔✔1. The right to vote.
2. The right to hold public office of trust or profit.
3. The right to serve as a juror.
4. The right to possess a gun or firearm.
5. Any other right the suspension of which is necessary during a period of
imprisonment.
✔✔There are six (6) categories of felonies. From high to low: - ✔✔a. Class 1 felony.
b. Class 2 felony.
c. Class 3 felony.
d. Class 4 felony.
e. Class 5 felony.
f. Class 6 felony.
✔✔There are three (3) categories of misdemeanors. From high to low: - ✔✔a. Class 1
misdemeanor.
b. Class 2 misdemeanor.
c. Class 3 misdemeanor.
✔✔Predicate Felony - ✔✔a. Any felony involving child abuse, a sexual offense or
conduct involving the intentional or knowing infliction of serious physical injury, or
b. The use or exhibition of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument or a dangerous
crime against children in the first or second degree.
JUNE2014 PAGE: 17 of 23
✔✔"School Safety Zone" means: - ✔✔a. The area within 300 feet of a school or
grounds.
b. Public property within 1,000 feet of a school or grounds.
c. School bus.
d. School bus stop.
✔✔Offenses Committed in a School Safety Zone - ✔✔A person who commits a felony
offense in a school zone (with the exception of A.R.S. §13-3411) is guilty of the same
class of felony if it had not been a school zone except that the court may impose a
sentence one (1) year longer than the presumptive minimum or maximum.
✔✔A warrant MUST BE - ✔✔CONFIRMED prior to serving.
✔✔The arrest warrant must be facially - ✔✔valid (also referred to as 'fair on its face') -
in other words, it must appear to a reasonable police officer to be valid if he/she were to
look at it without any knowledge of the circumstances
,✔✔Who has authority to make an arrest? - ✔✔Police officer - with or without an arrest
warrant
✔✔A citizen - ✔✔a. A citizen may make an arrest under certain circumstances, but the
citizen's authority is more limited than that of a peace officer.
b. Limited to felony or breach of the peace misdemeanor (A.R.S. §13-3884).
✔✔A merchant - ✔✔a. Has no power to arrest.
b. Can detain on "reasonable cause" in a reasonable manner, for a reasonable time, on
the premises for questioning or summoning a police officer.
✔✔Parole/probation officers - ✔✔a. Arrest for a violation of parole or probation
condition, if there is no warrant.
b. Make and file a complete record of persons placed under suspended sentence by the
court.
c. Exercise general supervision and observa- tion over persons under suspended
sentence by the court.
✔✔How is the arrest made - ✔✔a. The arrestee is engaged in the offense.
b. The arrestee is pursued immediately after the offense, or after an escape, or flees or
forcibly resists; or
c. Giving the information would imperil the arrest.
✔✔After arrest (A.R.S. §13-3900) citizens must: - ✔✔1. Deliver the arrestee to a peace
officer; or
2. take the arrestee before the nearest or most accessible magistrate and,
3. either the officer, or if the officer cannot, the citizen, shall swear out a complaint in
front of the magistrate showing the facts of the offense.
✔✔Time of day (A.R.S. §13-3882) - ✔✔allows an arrest to be made any time of the day
or night and any day of the week.
✔✔`You have a warrant to arrest for John Doe for robbery. A neighbor calls telling you
that John Doe is home and when you arrive a couple of minutes later, you find John
Doe's car in the driveway. John Doe owns the home and the neighbor confirms he has
not seen John Doe leave. You go up to the door and knock and announce, but receive
no answer after a couple of minutes. The door is closed, but unlocked and you enter the
home. Lawful entry? - ✔✔Yes, the entry was lawful. You had an arrest warrant and
probable cause to believe the suspect was there. In accordance with A.R.S. §13-3891,
you knocked and announced and only entered after a reasonable time.
✔✔Officer Rios has a felony arrest warrant for Bill Jones. She also has probable cause
to believe he is inside at a friend's residence. After knocking, announcing and waiting a
reasonable time period, may Officer Rios lawfully force entry into the premises? -
, ✔✔No. must also have a search warrant authorizing entry to the friend's residence or
permission from the friend to enter the prem- ises.
✔✔Deputy Smith and his partner are pursuing Susie Jones for a bank robbery that just
occurred. They pursue her to a house that she enters. They surround the house and
knock at the door with no response. May entry be forced? - ✔✔Yes, may forcibly enter
the premises, but should continue to identify themselves after entry.
✔✔Most arrests are made without - ✔✔arrest warrant
✔✔Requirements after an arrest without a warrant. - ✔✔1. When a person is arrested
without a warrant, they are to be taken, without unnecessary delay, before a magistrate
in the county where the arrest occurred.
2. A complaint must be filed before the magistrate explaining the facts of the case and
the basis of those facts.
✔✔Method of arrest with a warrant - ✔✔Inform the arrestee of the cause of the arrest
and the fact that there is a warrant UNLESS:
a. The arrestee flees or forcibly resists, or
b. Giving of the information will imperil the
arrest.
✔✔If the arrestee requests to see the arrest warrant - ✔✔show it to him/her as soon as
practical (it is not necessary to have it in your possession).
✔✔an arrest warrant can be - ✔✔served any time of the day or night.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-401 Justification; use of reasonable and necessary means. - ✔✔Even
though a person is justified under this Chapter in threatening or using physical force or
deadly physical force against another, if in doing so such person recklessly injures or
kills an innocent third person, the justification afforded by this Chapter is unavailable in
a prosecution for the reckless injury or killing of the innocent third person.
✔✔A.R.S. §13-403. Justification; use of physical force - ✔✔A parent or guardian and a
teacher or other person entrusted with the care and supervision of a minor or
incompetent person may use reasonable and appropriate physical force upon the minor
or incompetent person when, and to the extent, reasonably necessary and appropriate
to maintain discipline
✔✔A.R.S. §13-404. Justification; self-defense. - ✔✔a person is justified in threatening
or using physical force against another when, and to the extent, a reasonable person
would believe that physical force is immediately necessary to protect himself/ herself
against the other's use, or attempted use, of unlawful physical force.
