ANP1105- University of Ottawa Case Study MCQs-Final Exam
2025/2026 NEWEST /ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
( VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+!!
A 3-year-old child is brought to the emergency department
with a "barking" cough, hoarseness, and inspiratory stridor.
Symptoms started gradually, and the child has a mild fever.
The parents report no choking incidents. What is the most
likely diagnosis?
A) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
B) Epiglottitis
C) Foreign body aspiration
D) Asthma - ANSWER-A) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
Explanation: Croup is a viral infection causing inflammation
of the larynx and trachea, leading to a characteristic barking
cough, inspiratory stridor, and mild fever. Epiglottitis would
present with drooling and severe respiratory distress.
Which of the following best describes the long-term
respiratory adaptation to chronic high-altitude exposure (>4
weeks)?
A) Increased central chemoreceptor sensitivity to CO₂
B) Increased pulmonary arterial pressure due to chronic
hypoxic vasoconstriction
C) Decreased ventilation due to enhanced CO₂ retention
,D) Increased oxygen affinity of hemoglobin due to increased
temperature - ANSWER-B) Increased pulmonary arterial
pressure due to chronic hypoxic vasoconstriction
Explanation: Chronic hypoxia at altitude causes sustained
pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to pulmonary
hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Which of the following best describes how resistance is
affected by vessel
radius according to
Poiseuille's Law?
A) Resistance is directly proportional to the radius
B) Resistance is inversely proportional to the radius
C) Resistance is directly proportional to the fourth power of the
radius
D) Resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of
the radius - ANSWER-D) Resistance is inversely proportional
to the fourth power of the radius
Which vascular structure experiences the greatest drop in
blood pressure?
A)
Aorta
B) Large
arteries
,C)
Arterioles
D) Capillaries - ANSWER-C)
Arterioles
What happens to total peripheral resistance when systemic
vasodilation occurs? A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Remains unchanged
D) Initially decreases then increases - ANSWER-B) Decreases
Which of the following correctly describes the Windkessel
effect?
A) It refers to arterial pulse pressure oscillations
B) It explains why veins store more blood than arteries
C) It describes how arteries expand and recoil to maintain blood
flow
D) It refers to the venous return pressure gradient - ANSWER-C)
It describes how arteries expand and recoil to maintain blood
flow
Which of the following conditions would most likely increase
pulse pressure?
A) Aortic
stenosis
, B) Increased arterial
compliance
C) Aortic
regurgitation
D) Severe anemia - ANSWER-C) Aortic
regurgitation
Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for
atherosclerosis?
A) Hyperlipidemia
B) Hypertension
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Increased shear stress - ANSWER-D) Increased shear stress
Which stage of atherosclerosis is characterized by foam cell
accumulation?
A) Fatty streak
formation
B) Fibrous plaque
formation
C) Plaque
rupture
D) Thrombosis formation - ANSWER-A) Fatty
streak formation
Which of the following differentiates an aortic aneurysm
from an aortic
2025/2026 NEWEST /ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
( VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+!!
A 3-year-old child is brought to the emergency department
with a "barking" cough, hoarseness, and inspiratory stridor.
Symptoms started gradually, and the child has a mild fever.
The parents report no choking incidents. What is the most
likely diagnosis?
A) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
B) Epiglottitis
C) Foreign body aspiration
D) Asthma - ANSWER-A) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
Explanation: Croup is a viral infection causing inflammation
of the larynx and trachea, leading to a characteristic barking
cough, inspiratory stridor, and mild fever. Epiglottitis would
present with drooling and severe respiratory distress.
Which of the following best describes the long-term
respiratory adaptation to chronic high-altitude exposure (>4
weeks)?
A) Increased central chemoreceptor sensitivity to CO₂
B) Increased pulmonary arterial pressure due to chronic
hypoxic vasoconstriction
C) Decreased ventilation due to enhanced CO₂ retention
,D) Increased oxygen affinity of hemoglobin due to increased
temperature - ANSWER-B) Increased pulmonary arterial
pressure due to chronic hypoxic vasoconstriction
Explanation: Chronic hypoxia at altitude causes sustained
pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to pulmonary
hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Which of the following best describes how resistance is
affected by vessel
radius according to
Poiseuille's Law?
A) Resistance is directly proportional to the radius
B) Resistance is inversely proportional to the radius
C) Resistance is directly proportional to the fourth power of the
radius
D) Resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of
the radius - ANSWER-D) Resistance is inversely proportional
to the fourth power of the radius
Which vascular structure experiences the greatest drop in
blood pressure?
A)
Aorta
B) Large
arteries
,C)
Arterioles
D) Capillaries - ANSWER-C)
Arterioles
What happens to total peripheral resistance when systemic
vasodilation occurs? A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Remains unchanged
D) Initially decreases then increases - ANSWER-B) Decreases
Which of the following correctly describes the Windkessel
effect?
A) It refers to arterial pulse pressure oscillations
B) It explains why veins store more blood than arteries
C) It describes how arteries expand and recoil to maintain blood
flow
D) It refers to the venous return pressure gradient - ANSWER-C)
It describes how arteries expand and recoil to maintain blood
flow
Which of the following conditions would most likely increase
pulse pressure?
A) Aortic
stenosis
, B) Increased arterial
compliance
C) Aortic
regurgitation
D) Severe anemia - ANSWER-C) Aortic
regurgitation
Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for
atherosclerosis?
A) Hyperlipidemia
B) Hypertension
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Increased shear stress - ANSWER-D) Increased shear stress
Which stage of atherosclerosis is characterized by foam cell
accumulation?
A) Fatty streak
formation
B) Fibrous plaque
formation
C) Plaque
rupture
D) Thrombosis formation - ANSWER-A) Fatty
streak formation
Which of the following differentiates an aortic aneurysm
from an aortic
