2024 AQA AS PHYSICS 7407/1 Paper 1 Verified Question
Paper and Marking Scheme Attached June 2024
How much of our background radiation is from the ground
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>14%
How much of our background radiation is from food and drink
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>11.5%
How much of our background radiation is cosmic
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>10%
How much of our background radiation is from air travel
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>0.2%
How much of our background radiation is from nuclear reactors
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>0.1%
Ways to reduce nuclear radiation exposure
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>- keeping as far away from the source
of radiation as possible
- spending as little time as possible in at-risk areas
- shielding oneself behind a thick concrete or lead wall
How nuclear fission occurs >>>100%Correctanswers>>>two or three
neutrons are released into an environment when an atom is split. Some of these
neutrons will be absorbed by another nucleus, causing this to occur. It
,Energy is transferred between stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Thermal, kinetic, gravitational
potential, elastic potential, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear
Energy is transferred... >>>100%Correctanswers>>>mechanically
(by a force doing work), electrically (work done by moving charges), by heating or
by radiation (like light or sound)
When a system changes, energy is transferred
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>It can be transferred into or away from
the system, between objects in the system or between different types of energy
stores. Closed systems are where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave.
The net change in the total energy of a closed system is always 0
Kinetic energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>energy of motion - the
greater an object's mass and the faster it is going, the more energy there will be
in its kinetic energy store. Eke (j) = 1/2m (kg) v (m/s) squared
Raised objects store energy in gravitational potential energy stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>lifting an object in a gravitational field
requires work, causing an energy transfer to the the GPE store of the object. Ep
(j) = m (kg) g (n/kg) h (m)
Falling objects transfer energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Falling
objects transfer energy from its GPE store to its kinetic energy store. When
there's no air resistance, energy lost from the GPE store = energy gained in the
kinetic energy store
,Stretching transfers energy to elastic potential energy stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>As long as the limit of proportionality
has not been exceeded, Eel (j) = 1/2 k (N/m) e (m) squared
Specific heat capacity >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the energy
required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree
Celsius. 🔼E (j) = m (kg) c (j/kedgeree) 🔼theta (degrees Celsius)
Conservation of energy principle
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy can be transferred but can
never be created of destroyed
Dissipated energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>energy used up in a
system, typically lost due to work done by friction, 'wasted energy'
Phone energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>When you use the
phone, energy is usefully transferred from the chemical energy store of the
battery in the phone, but some of this energy is dissipated to thermal energy
Closed system energy transfer >>>100%Correctanswers>>>A cold
spoon is dropped into hot soup in an insulated flask, which is then sealed. Energy
is transferred from the thermal energy store of the soup to the useless thermal
energy of the spoon
Power >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the rate at which work is done
(watts). P (w) = E (j) / t(s)
, Powerful machine >>>100%Correctanswers>>>One which transfers
a lot of energy in a short space of time
Conduction occurs mainly in solids
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Conduction is the process where
vibrating particles transfer energy to neighboring particles.
Long definition of conduction >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy
transferred to an object by heating is transferred to the thermal store, which is
shared across the kinetic store of the particles. The particles' collisions cause
energy to be transferred between particles kinetic energy stores.
Thermal conductivity >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the Mrs. sure of
the rate at which thermal energy can travel through a material
Convection occurs only in liquids and gases
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Convection is where energetic particles
move away from hotter to cooler regions
Convection longer definition >>>100%Correctanswers>>>unlike in
solids, the particles in liquids and gases are able to move. When you heat a
region of a gas/liquid, the particles move faster and the space between particles
increases. This causes the density of the region to decrease. Because they can
flow, the warmer and less dense region will rise above denser cooler regions. If
there is a constant heat source, a convection current will be made
Radiators - convection currents >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy
is transferred from the radiator to nearby air particles by conduction. The air by
the radiator becomes warmer and less dense. This warm air rises and is replaced
Paper and Marking Scheme Attached June 2024
How much of our background radiation is from the ground
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>14%
How much of our background radiation is from food and drink
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>11.5%
How much of our background radiation is cosmic
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>10%
How much of our background radiation is from air travel
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>0.2%
How much of our background radiation is from nuclear reactors
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>0.1%
Ways to reduce nuclear radiation exposure
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>- keeping as far away from the source
of radiation as possible
- spending as little time as possible in at-risk areas
- shielding oneself behind a thick concrete or lead wall
How nuclear fission occurs >>>100%Correctanswers>>>two or three
neutrons are released into an environment when an atom is split. Some of these
neutrons will be absorbed by another nucleus, causing this to occur. It
,Energy is transferred between stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Thermal, kinetic, gravitational
potential, elastic potential, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear
Energy is transferred... >>>100%Correctanswers>>>mechanically
(by a force doing work), electrically (work done by moving charges), by heating or
by radiation (like light or sound)
When a system changes, energy is transferred
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>It can be transferred into or away from
the system, between objects in the system or between different types of energy
stores. Closed systems are where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave.
The net change in the total energy of a closed system is always 0
Kinetic energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>energy of motion - the
greater an object's mass and the faster it is going, the more energy there will be
in its kinetic energy store. Eke (j) = 1/2m (kg) v (m/s) squared
Raised objects store energy in gravitational potential energy stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>lifting an object in a gravitational field
requires work, causing an energy transfer to the the GPE store of the object. Ep
(j) = m (kg) g (n/kg) h (m)
Falling objects transfer energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Falling
objects transfer energy from its GPE store to its kinetic energy store. When
there's no air resistance, energy lost from the GPE store = energy gained in the
kinetic energy store
,Stretching transfers energy to elastic potential energy stores
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>As long as the limit of proportionality
has not been exceeded, Eel (j) = 1/2 k (N/m) e (m) squared
Specific heat capacity >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the energy
required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree
Celsius. 🔼E (j) = m (kg) c (j/kedgeree) 🔼theta (degrees Celsius)
Conservation of energy principle
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy can be transferred but can
never be created of destroyed
Dissipated energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>energy used up in a
system, typically lost due to work done by friction, 'wasted energy'
Phone energy >>>100%Correctanswers>>>When you use the
phone, energy is usefully transferred from the chemical energy store of the
battery in the phone, but some of this energy is dissipated to thermal energy
Closed system energy transfer >>>100%Correctanswers>>>A cold
spoon is dropped into hot soup in an insulated flask, which is then sealed. Energy
is transferred from the thermal energy store of the soup to the useless thermal
energy of the spoon
Power >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the rate at which work is done
(watts). P (w) = E (j) / t(s)
, Powerful machine >>>100%Correctanswers>>>One which transfers
a lot of energy in a short space of time
Conduction occurs mainly in solids
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Conduction is the process where
vibrating particles transfer energy to neighboring particles.
Long definition of conduction >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy
transferred to an object by heating is transferred to the thermal store, which is
shared across the kinetic store of the particles. The particles' collisions cause
energy to be transferred between particles kinetic energy stores.
Thermal conductivity >>>100%Correctanswers>>>the Mrs. sure of
the rate at which thermal energy can travel through a material
Convection occurs only in liquids and gases
>>>100%Correctanswers>>>Convection is where energetic particles
move away from hotter to cooler regions
Convection longer definition >>>100%Correctanswers>>>unlike in
solids, the particles in liquids and gases are able to move. When you heat a
region of a gas/liquid, the particles move faster and the space between particles
increases. This causes the density of the region to decrease. Because they can
flow, the warmer and less dense region will rise above denser cooler regions. If
there is a constant heat source, a convection current will be made
Radiators - convection currents >>>100%Correctanswers>>>Energy
is transferred from the radiator to nearby air particles by conduction. The air by
the radiator becomes warmer and less dense. This warm air rises and is replaced
