NFDN 2004 Midterm Units 3 & 4
2025/2026 Exam Questions and Detailed
Answers | Get it 100% Correct Answers
Pharmological Pain Management Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- analgesia (narcotics)
- epidural (not always 100% effective)
- Spinal
Progesterone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits contractions
Estrogen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates contractions
lightening - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the sensation of the fetus moving from high in the
abdomen to low in the birth canal. A sign on impending labour
abdomen appears lower and more protruding allows for easier breathing although
more pressure on the bladder and back
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TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Braxton Hicks contractions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔intermittent painless uterine
contractions that occur with increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
Pre Labour contractions, irregular, painless uterine contractions begin in the 2nd
trimester. More pronounced in the multigravas
Uterine fibroids could also cause contractions
Ballottement - is a maneuver fetal part is displaced by a light tap and rebounds
quickly
Fetal outline can be palpated at 24 weeks
Signs of Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- bloody show
- braxton hicks becoming stronger
- weight loss of 1-3 lbs
- nesting
- lightening
- increased vaginal secretions
Uterine muscle stretching
Cervical pressure
Oxytocin stimulation
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Change in ratio of estrogen to progesterone
Placental age
Rising fetal cortisol levels
Fetal membrane production of prostaglandin
5 P's of Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔factors affecting the labour process
- The Passenger
- The Passageway
- The Powers
- The Position of Mother
- The Psyche
The passageway - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Route from uterus to external perineum
- Passageway is the birth canal
- Cervix has to efface (thins) and dilates (opens)
The Passenger - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔This refers to the part of the baby that enters the
pelvis first.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Several factors determine this such as size of fetal head, fetal presentation, fetal lie,
fetal attitude and fetal position
CEPHALIC PRESENTATION is the most common (95%)
BREECH PRESENTATION is the buttocks or feet (3%)
SHOULDER is the scapula (2%)
Fetal Lie - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ØRelation of the fetal spine to the spine of the mother
ØLongitudinal lies are either cephalic or breech presentations
ØTransverse lie cannot be delivered vaginally
Fetal Attitude - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ØRelation of fetal body parts to one another
ØAssume a characteristic posture or attitude
ØGeneral flexion
ØGenerally back rounded, chin flexed on the chest, thighs are flexed on abdomen
and legs flexed at knees and arms cross over thorax. Deviations from this can cause
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
2025/2026 Exam Questions and Detailed
Answers | Get it 100% Correct Answers
Pharmological Pain Management Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- analgesia (narcotics)
- epidural (not always 100% effective)
- Spinal
Progesterone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits contractions
Estrogen - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates contractions
lightening - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the sensation of the fetus moving from high in the
abdomen to low in the birth canal. A sign on impending labour
abdomen appears lower and more protruding allows for easier breathing although
more pressure on the bladder and back
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Braxton Hicks contractions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔intermittent painless uterine
contractions that occur with increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses
Pre Labour contractions, irregular, painless uterine contractions begin in the 2nd
trimester. More pronounced in the multigravas
Uterine fibroids could also cause contractions
Ballottement - is a maneuver fetal part is displaced by a light tap and rebounds
quickly
Fetal outline can be palpated at 24 weeks
Signs of Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- bloody show
- braxton hicks becoming stronger
- weight loss of 1-3 lbs
- nesting
- lightening
- increased vaginal secretions
Uterine muscle stretching
Cervical pressure
Oxytocin stimulation
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Change in ratio of estrogen to progesterone
Placental age
Rising fetal cortisol levels
Fetal membrane production of prostaglandin
5 P's of Labour - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔factors affecting the labour process
- The Passenger
- The Passageway
- The Powers
- The Position of Mother
- The Psyche
The passageway - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔- Route from uterus to external perineum
- Passageway is the birth canal
- Cervix has to efface (thins) and dilates (opens)
The Passenger - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔This refers to the part of the baby that enters the
pelvis first.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Several factors determine this such as size of fetal head, fetal presentation, fetal lie,
fetal attitude and fetal position
CEPHALIC PRESENTATION is the most common (95%)
BREECH PRESENTATION is the buttocks or feet (3%)
SHOULDER is the scapula (2%)
Fetal Lie - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ØRelation of the fetal spine to the spine of the mother
ØLongitudinal lies are either cephalic or breech presentations
ØTransverse lie cannot be delivered vaginally
Fetal Attitude - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ØRelation of fetal body parts to one another
ØAssume a characteristic posture or attitude
ØGeneral flexion
ØGenerally back rounded, chin flexed on the chest, thighs are flexed on abdomen
and legs flexed at knees and arms cross over thorax. Deviations from this can cause
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
