Bio 256 Test 1 Frequently Tested Exam Questions With Correct Verified Solutions ||A+ Graded!!! .Updated

BIO 256 TEST 1 FREQUENTLY TESTED EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ||A+ GRADED!!! .UPDATED 1. what makes up the gi tract - ANSWER stomach and intestines 2. mechanical digestion occurs where - ANSWER grinding of teeth and churning of stomach and small intestine 3. chemical digestion occurs where - ANSWER digestive enzymes produced by salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine 4. most absorption occurs where - ANSWER small intestine 5. small mucosal projections that increase surface area for absorption - ANSWER villi 6. permanent transverse folds in the intestinal lining - ANSWER circular folds 7. four layers of the digestive tract - ANSWER mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa 8. (from inner to outer) 9. the submucosal plexus is located ____ - ANSWER in the submucosa layer myenteric plexus is located between two layers of the - ANSWER muscularis externa ion of submucosal plexus - ANSWER control glandular secretions of mucosa and movement of muscularis mucosae ion of myenteric plexus - ANSWER controls peristalsis and other contractions of muscularis externa are the three salivary glands - ANSWER parotid, submandibular, sublingual ion of saliva - ANSWER begins starch and fat digestion, inhibits bacterial growth, binds food together to form bolus, dissolves molecules to stimulate taste buds enzymes in the saliva - ANSWER salivary amylase and lingual lipase ary amylase function - ANSWER begins starch digestion and breaks down polysaccharides al lipase function - ANSWER activated by stomach acid and digests fat after food is swallowed and breaks down triglycerides is deglutination - ANSWER swallowing ion of digestive system - ANSWER processes food, extracts nutrients and eliminates residue physical breakdown of food into smaller parts - ANSWER mechanical digestion 21.A series of hydrolysis reactions that break dietary macromolecules into their monomers - ANSWER chemical digestion 22.6 accessory organs - ANSWER teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas phase of swallowing - ANSWER oral phase (voluntary control) d phase of swallowing - ANSWER pharyngeal phase (involuntary control) phase of swallowing and what occurs here - ANSWER esophageal phase (involuntary control) peristalsis occurs in this phase untary wave of muscular contraction that pushes bolus ahead of it - ANSWER peristalsis ion of the esophagus - ANSWER actively move food and liquid to stomach esophageal location and function - ANSWER end of esophagus and prevents back flow of stomach contents ions of stomach - ANSWER food storage, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, production of chyme/intrinsic factor tal cells secrete - ANSWER intrinsic factor and HCl cells secrete - ANSWER pepsinogen and gastric lipase protein that aids in vitamin B12 absorption - ANSWER intrinsic factor 33.HCl function - ANSWER activates pepsinogen, denatures proteins, kills microbes in food nogen function - ANSWER activated by pepsin, breaks down proteins, protein digestion completed in small intestine ic lipase function - ANSWER plays minor roll in lipid digestion, rest digested in small intestine sed from duodenum in response to chyme in stomach, stimulates liver and pancreas to secrete sodium bicarbonate, raises pH for activity of pancreatic and digestive enzymes - ANSWER secretin