/
12th Edition
Df
, Table of Contents
Df Df
Chapter Df01: DfProfessional DfNursing ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter Df 02: DfSocial DfDeterminants Df of DfHealth ................................................................................................................. 10
Chapter Df03: DfHealth DfHistory Dfand DfPhysical DfExamination D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Chapter Df04: DfPatient Df and DfCaregiver D f Teaching ............................................................................................................... 20
Chapter Df05: DfChronic DfIllness Dfand DfOlder DfAdults .............................................................................................................. 26
Chapter Df06: DfCaring Dffor DfLesbian, DfGay, DfBisexual, DfTransgender, DfQueer Dfor Df Questioning,and DfGender D f Diverse
DfPatients ............................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Chapter Df 07: DfStress DfManagement ...................................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter Df08: DfSleep Dfand DfSleep DfDisorders .......................................................................................................................... 42
Chapter Df09: DfPain ................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Chapter Df10: DfPalliative Dfand DfEnd-of-Life DfCare ................................................................................................................ 56
Chapter Df11: DfSubstance DfUse DfDisorders Dfin DfAcute DfCare................................................................................................... 61
Chapter Df12: DfInflammation Dfand DfHealing .......................................................................................................................... 69
Chapter Df13: DfGenetics ......................................................................................................................................................... 76
Chapter Df14: DfImmune DfResponses Dfand DfTransplantation D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition. 79
Chapter Df15: DfInfection ......................................................................................................................................................... 87
Chapter Df16: DfCancer ............................................................................................................................................................ 97
Chapter Df17: DfFluid, DfElectrolyte, Dfand DfAcid-Base DfImbalancesHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Chapter Df18: DfPreoperative DfCare........................................................................................................................................ 124
Chapter Df19: DfIntraoperative DfCare ..................................................................................................................................... 131
Chapter Df20: DfPostoperative DfCare...................................................................................................................................... 137
Chapter Df21: DfEmergency Dfand DfDisaster DfNursing ............................................................................................................. 145
Chapter D f 22: DfAssessment D f and DfManagement: D f Visual DfProblemsHarding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-Surgical D f Nursing,
Df 12th DfEdition.153 D f Chapter D f 23: DfAssessment D f and DfManagement: D f Auditory D f ProblemsHarding: D f Lewis‘s
Df Medical-Surgical D f Nursing,
12th D f Edition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 166
Chapter Df24: DfAssessment: DfIntegumentary DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition ....... 173
Chapter Df25: DfIntegumentary DfProblems ............................................................................................................................ 178
Chapter Df26: DfBurns............................................................................................................................................................ 186
Chapter Df 27: DfAssessment: DfRespiratory DfSystem .............................................................................................................. 195
Chapter Df28: DfSupporting DfVentilation ................................................................................................................................ 203
Chapter Df29: DfUpper DfRespiratory DfProblems .................................................................................................................... 214
Chapter Df30: DfLower D f Respiratory DfProblems .................................................................................................................... 220
Chapter Df31: DfObstructive DfPulmonary DfDiseases............................................................................................................... 235
Chapter Df32: DfAcute DfRespiratory DfFailure Dfand DfAcute DfRespiratory DfDistress DfSyndromeHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-
Surgical D f Nursing, D f 12th D f Edition ................................................................................................................................. 248
Chapter Df33: DfAssessment: DfHematologic DfSystem............................................................................................................. 257
Chapter Df34: DfHematologic DfProblems ............................................................................................................................... 262
Chapter Df35: DfAssessment: DfCardiovascular DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition....... 277
Chapter Df36: DfHypertension ................................................................................................................................................ 289
2
,Chapter D f 37: D f Coronary D f Artery D f Disease D f and D f Acute D f Coronary D f Syndrome D f Harding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-
Surgical D f Nursing, Df12th D f Edition .................................................................................................................................. 297
Chapter Df38: DfHeart DfFailure............................................................................................................................................... 311
Chapter Df39: DfDysrhythmias ............................................................................................................................................... 319
Chapter Df40: DfInflammatory Dfand DfStructural DfHeart DfDisordersHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th
DfEditionDf... Df329 DfChapter Df41: DfVascular DfDisorders .......................................................................................................... 341
Chapter D f 42: D f Shock, D f Sepsis, D f and D f Multiple D f Organ D f Dysfunction D f SyndromeHarding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-
Surgical D f Nursing, Df12th D f Edition .................................................................................................................................. 352
Chapter Df43: DfAssessment: DfGastrointestinal DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition ...... 364
Chapter Df44: DfNutrition DfProblems ..................................................................................................................................... 369
Chapter Df45: DfObesity ........................................................................................................................................................ 377
Chapter Df46: DfUpper DfGastrointestinal DfProblems ............................................................................................................... 383
Chapter Df47: DfLower DfGastrointestinal DfProblems ............................................................................................................... 397
Chapter Df48: DfLiver, DfBiliary DfTract, Dfand DfPancreas D f ProblemsHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 414
Chapter Df49: DfAssessment: DfUrinary DfSystem ................................................................................................................... 429
Chapter Df 50: DfRenal Dfand DfUrologic DfProblems ................................................................................................................. 436
Chapter Df51: DfAcute DfKidney DfInjury Dfand DfChronic DfKidney DfDiseaseHarding: Df Lewis‘s D f Medical-Surgical DfNursing, D f 12th
Df Edition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 450
Chapter Df52: DfAssessment: DfEndocrine DfSystem................................................................................................................. 462
Chapter Df53: DfDiabetes ....................................................................................................................................................... 469
Chapter Df54: DfEndocrine DfProblems ................................................................................................................................... 484
Chapter D f 55: DfAssessment: DfReproductive DfSystem .......................................................................................................... 499
Chapter Df 56: DfBreast DfProblems ......................................................................................................................................... 503
Chapter Df57: DfSexually DfTransmitted DfInfections ............................................................................................................... 512
Chapter Df58: DfFemale DfReproductive DfProblems ................................................................................................................ 519
Chapter Df 59: DfMale DfReproductive DfProblems ................................................................................................................... 533
Chapter Df60: DfAssessment: DfNervous D f System .................................................................................................................. 544
Chapter Df61: DfAcute DfIntracranial Df Problems .................................................................................................................... 550
Chapter Df62: DfStroke ........................................................................................................................................................... 565
Chapter Df63: DfChronic DfNeurologic DfProblems .................................................................................................................. 574
Chapter Df64: DfDementia D f and DfDelirium ............................................................................................................................ 585
Chapter Df65: DfSpinal DfCord Dfand DfPeripheral DfNerve DfProblemsHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 593
Chapter Df66: DfAssessment: DfMusculoskeletal DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition .... 603
Chapter Df67: DfMusculoskeletal DfTrauma Dfand DfOrthopedic DfSurgeryHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, D f 12th
DfEdition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 608
Chapter Df68: DfMusculoskeletal DfProblems........................................................................................................................... 622
Chapter Df69: DfArthritis D f and DfConnective DfTissue DfDiseases D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 629
3
, Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Df Df Df
MULTIPLE Df CHOICE
1. The D f nurse D f completes D f an D f admission D f database D f and D f explains D f that D f the D f plan
Df of Dfcare D f and Dfdischarge Dfgoals Dfwill Dfbe Dfdeveloped Dfwith Dfthe Dfpatient‗s Dfinput. DfThe
Dfpatient Dfasks, Df―How Dfis Dfthis Dfdifferent D f from D f what D f the D f physician D f does?‖ D f Which
D f response D f would D f the D f nurse D f provide?
a. ―The Dfrole Dfof Dfthe Dfnurse Dfis Dfto Dfadminister Dfmedications Dfand Dfother
Dftreatments Dfprescribed Dfby Dfyour Dfphysician.‖
b. ―In Dfaddition Dfto Dfcaring Dffor Dfyou Dfwhile Dfyou Dfare Dfsick, Dfthe Dfnurses Dfwill Dfhelp
Df you Dfplan Dfto Dfmaintain Dfyour Dfhealth.‖
c. ―The Dfnurse‗s Dfjob Dfis Dfto Dfcollect Dfinformation Dfand Dfcommunicate Dfany
Dfproblems Dfthat Dfoccur Dfto Dfthe Dfphysician.‖
d. ―Nurses Dfperform DfmanyDfof Dfthe Dfsame Dfprocedures Dfas Dfthe Dfphysician, Dfbut
Dfnurses Dfare D f with D f the D f patients D f for D f a D f longer D f time D f than D f the
D f physician.‖
ANS: D f B
The DfAmerican DfNurses DfAssociation Df(ANA) Dfdefinition Dfof Dfnursing Dfdescribes Dfthe Dfrole Dfof
Dfnurses Dfin D f promoting D f health. D f The D f other D f responses D f describe D f dependent D f and
D f collaborative D f functions Dfof D f the D f nursing D f role D f but D f do D f not D f accurately Dfdescribe
D f the D f nurse‗s D f unique D f role D f in D f the D f health Dfcare Dfsystem.
DIF: D f D f D f Cognitive DfLevel: DfAnalyze Df(Analysis)
TOP: Nursing DfProcess: D f Implementation MSC: D f NCLEX: Df Safe Dfand DfEffective DfCare
DfEnvironment
2. Which Dfstatement D f byDfthe D f nurse DfaccuratelyDfdescribes D f the D f use Dfof Dfevidence-based D f practice
Df(EBP)?
a. ―Patient Dfcare Dfis Dfbased Dfon Dfclinical Dfjudgment, Dfexperience, Dfand Dftraditions.‖
b. ―Data Dfare Dfanalyzed Dflater Dfto Dfshow Dfthat Dfthe Dfpatient Dfoutcomes Dfare DfconsistentlyDfmet.‖
c. ―Research Dffrom Dfall Dfpublished Dfarticles Dfare Dfused Dfas Dfa Dfguide Dffor Dfplanning Dfpatient Dfcare.‖
d. ―Recommendations Dfare Dfbased Dfon Dfresearch, Dfclinical Dfexpertise,
Dfand Dfpatient Dfpreferences.‖
ANS: D f D
Evidence-based D f practice D f (EBP) D f is Dfthe Dfuse Dfof Dfthe Dfbest D f research-based D f evidence
Dfcombined Dfwith Dfclinician Dfexpertise Dfand Dfconsideration Dfof Dfpatient Dfpreferences. DfClinical
Dfjudgment Dfbased D f on Dfthe Dfnurse‗s Dfclinical Dfexperience Dfis Dfpart Dfof DfEBP, Dfbut Dfclinical
Dfdecision Dfmaking Dfshould Dfalso D f incorporate Dfcurrent Dfresearch Dfand Dfresearch-based
Dfguidelines. DfEvaluation Dfof Dfpatient Dfoutcomes Dfis Dfimportant, Dfbut Dfdata Dfanalysis Dfis Dfnot
Dfrequired Dfto Dfuse DfEBP. DfAll Dfpublished Dfarticles Dfdo Dfnot D f provide Dfresearch Dfevidence;
Dfinterventions Dfshould Dfbe Dfbased Dfon Dfcredible Dfresearch, Dfpreferably Dfrandomized
Dfcontrolled Dfstudies Dfwith Dfa Dflarge Dfnumber Dfof Dfsubjects.
DIF: Cognitive DfLevel: DfUnderstand Df(Comprehension) TOP: DfNursing
DfProcess: DfPlanning DfMSC: D f NCLEX: DfSafe Dfand DfEffective Df Care D f Environment
3. Which Dfstatement D f byDfthe D f nurse Dfprovides D f a Dfclear D f explanation D f of Dfthe D f nursing Df process?
a. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfa Dfresearch Dfmethod DfofDfdiagnosing Dfthe Dfpatient‗s
health Dfcare Dfproblems.‖
Df
b. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfused DfprimarilyDfto Dfexplain Dfnursing
Dfinterventions Dfto Dfother Dfhealth Dfcare Dfprofessionals.‖
c. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfa Dfproblem-solving Dftool Dfused Dfto DfidentifyDfand Dfmanage Dfthe
4
12th Edition
Df
, Table of Contents
Df Df
Chapter Df01: DfProfessional DfNursing ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter Df 02: DfSocial DfDeterminants Df of DfHealth ................................................................................................................. 10
Chapter Df03: DfHealth DfHistory Dfand DfPhysical DfExamination D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Chapter Df04: DfPatient Df and DfCaregiver D f Teaching ............................................................................................................... 20
Chapter Df05: DfChronic DfIllness Dfand DfOlder DfAdults .............................................................................................................. 26
Chapter Df06: DfCaring Dffor DfLesbian, DfGay, DfBisexual, DfTransgender, DfQueer Dfor Df Questioning,and DfGender D f Diverse
DfPatients ............................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Chapter Df 07: DfStress DfManagement ...................................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter Df08: DfSleep Dfand DfSleep DfDisorders .......................................................................................................................... 42
Chapter Df09: DfPain ................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Chapter Df10: DfPalliative Dfand DfEnd-of-Life DfCare ................................................................................................................ 56
Chapter Df11: DfSubstance DfUse DfDisorders Dfin DfAcute DfCare................................................................................................... 61
Chapter Df12: DfInflammation Dfand DfHealing .......................................................................................................................... 69
Chapter Df13: DfGenetics ......................................................................................................................................................... 76
Chapter Df14: DfImmune DfResponses Dfand DfTransplantation D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition. 79
Chapter Df15: DfInfection ......................................................................................................................................................... 87
Chapter Df16: DfCancer ............................................................................................................................................................ 97
Chapter Df17: DfFluid, DfElectrolyte, Dfand DfAcid-Base DfImbalancesHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Chapter Df18: DfPreoperative DfCare........................................................................................................................................ 124
Chapter Df19: DfIntraoperative DfCare ..................................................................................................................................... 131
Chapter Df20: DfPostoperative DfCare...................................................................................................................................... 137
Chapter Df21: DfEmergency Dfand DfDisaster DfNursing ............................................................................................................. 145
Chapter D f 22: DfAssessment D f and DfManagement: D f Visual DfProblemsHarding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-Surgical D f Nursing,
Df 12th DfEdition.153 D f Chapter D f 23: DfAssessment D f and DfManagement: D f Auditory D f ProblemsHarding: D f Lewis‘s
Df Medical-Surgical D f Nursing,
12th D f Edition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 166
Chapter Df24: DfAssessment: DfIntegumentary DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition ....... 173
Chapter Df25: DfIntegumentary DfProblems ............................................................................................................................ 178
Chapter Df26: DfBurns............................................................................................................................................................ 186
Chapter Df 27: DfAssessment: DfRespiratory DfSystem .............................................................................................................. 195
Chapter Df28: DfSupporting DfVentilation ................................................................................................................................ 203
Chapter Df29: DfUpper DfRespiratory DfProblems .................................................................................................................... 214
Chapter Df30: DfLower D f Respiratory DfProblems .................................................................................................................... 220
Chapter Df31: DfObstructive DfPulmonary DfDiseases............................................................................................................... 235
Chapter Df32: DfAcute DfRespiratory DfFailure Dfand DfAcute DfRespiratory DfDistress DfSyndromeHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-
Surgical D f Nursing, D f 12th D f Edition ................................................................................................................................. 248
Chapter Df33: DfAssessment: DfHematologic DfSystem............................................................................................................. 257
Chapter Df34: DfHematologic DfProblems ............................................................................................................................... 262
Chapter Df35: DfAssessment: DfCardiovascular DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition....... 277
Chapter Df36: DfHypertension ................................................................................................................................................ 289
2
,Chapter D f 37: D f Coronary D f Artery D f Disease D f and D f Acute D f Coronary D f Syndrome D f Harding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-
Surgical D f Nursing, Df12th D f Edition .................................................................................................................................. 297
Chapter Df38: DfHeart DfFailure............................................................................................................................................... 311
Chapter Df39: DfDysrhythmias ............................................................................................................................................... 319
Chapter Df40: DfInflammatory Dfand DfStructural DfHeart DfDisordersHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th
DfEditionDf... Df329 DfChapter Df41: DfVascular DfDisorders .......................................................................................................... 341
Chapter D f 42: D f Shock, D f Sepsis, D f and D f Multiple D f Organ D f Dysfunction D f SyndromeHarding: D f Lewis‘s D f Medical-
Surgical D f Nursing, Df12th D f Edition .................................................................................................................................. 352
Chapter Df43: DfAssessment: DfGastrointestinal DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition ...... 364
Chapter Df44: DfNutrition DfProblems ..................................................................................................................................... 369
Chapter Df45: DfObesity ........................................................................................................................................................ 377
Chapter Df46: DfUpper DfGastrointestinal DfProblems ............................................................................................................... 383
Chapter Df47: DfLower DfGastrointestinal DfProblems ............................................................................................................... 397
Chapter Df48: DfLiver, DfBiliary DfTract, Dfand DfPancreas D f ProblemsHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 414
Chapter Df49: DfAssessment: DfUrinary DfSystem ................................................................................................................... 429
Chapter Df 50: DfRenal Dfand DfUrologic DfProblems ................................................................................................................. 436
Chapter Df51: DfAcute DfKidney DfInjury Dfand DfChronic DfKidney DfDiseaseHarding: Df Lewis‘s D f Medical-Surgical DfNursing, D f 12th
Df Edition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 450
Chapter Df52: DfAssessment: DfEndocrine DfSystem................................................................................................................. 462
Chapter Df53: DfDiabetes ....................................................................................................................................................... 469
Chapter Df54: DfEndocrine DfProblems ................................................................................................................................... 484
Chapter D f 55: DfAssessment: DfReproductive DfSystem .......................................................................................................... 499
Chapter Df 56: DfBreast DfProblems ......................................................................................................................................... 503
Chapter Df57: DfSexually DfTransmitted DfInfections ............................................................................................................... 512
Chapter Df58: DfFemale DfReproductive DfProblems ................................................................................................................ 519
Chapter Df 59: DfMale DfReproductive DfProblems ................................................................................................................... 533
Chapter Df60: DfAssessment: DfNervous D f System .................................................................................................................. 544
Chapter Df61: DfAcute DfIntracranial Df Problems .................................................................................................................... 550
Chapter Df62: DfStroke ........................................................................................................................................................... 565
Chapter Df63: DfChronic DfNeurologic DfProblems .................................................................................................................. 574
Chapter Df64: DfDementia D f and DfDelirium ............................................................................................................................ 585
Chapter Df65: DfSpinal DfCord Dfand DfPeripheral DfNerve DfProblemsHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 593
Chapter Df66: DfAssessment: DfMusculoskeletal DfSystem DfHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition .... 603
Chapter Df67: DfMusculoskeletal DfTrauma Dfand DfOrthopedic DfSurgeryHarding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, D f 12th
DfEdition
. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 608
Chapter Df68: DfMusculoskeletal DfProblems........................................................................................................................... 622
Chapter Df69: DfArthritis D f and DfConnective DfTissue DfDiseases D f Harding: DfLewis‘s DfMedical-Surgical DfNursing, Df12th DfEdition
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 629
3
, Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Df Df Df
MULTIPLE Df CHOICE
1. The D f nurse D f completes D f an D f admission D f database D f and D f explains D f that D f the D f plan
Df of Dfcare D f and Dfdischarge Dfgoals Dfwill Dfbe Dfdeveloped Dfwith Dfthe Dfpatient‗s Dfinput. DfThe
Dfpatient Dfasks, Df―How Dfis Dfthis Dfdifferent D f from D f what D f the D f physician D f does?‖ D f Which
D f response D f would D f the D f nurse D f provide?
a. ―The Dfrole Dfof Dfthe Dfnurse Dfis Dfto Dfadminister Dfmedications Dfand Dfother
Dftreatments Dfprescribed Dfby Dfyour Dfphysician.‖
b. ―In Dfaddition Dfto Dfcaring Dffor Dfyou Dfwhile Dfyou Dfare Dfsick, Dfthe Dfnurses Dfwill Dfhelp
Df you Dfplan Dfto Dfmaintain Dfyour Dfhealth.‖
c. ―The Dfnurse‗s Dfjob Dfis Dfto Dfcollect Dfinformation Dfand Dfcommunicate Dfany
Dfproblems Dfthat Dfoccur Dfto Dfthe Dfphysician.‖
d. ―Nurses Dfperform DfmanyDfof Dfthe Dfsame Dfprocedures Dfas Dfthe Dfphysician, Dfbut
Dfnurses Dfare D f with D f the D f patients D f for D f a D f longer D f time D f than D f the
D f physician.‖
ANS: D f B
The DfAmerican DfNurses DfAssociation Df(ANA) Dfdefinition Dfof Dfnursing Dfdescribes Dfthe Dfrole Dfof
Dfnurses Dfin D f promoting D f health. D f The D f other D f responses D f describe D f dependent D f and
D f collaborative D f functions Dfof D f the D f nursing D f role D f but D f do D f not D f accurately Dfdescribe
D f the D f nurse‗s D f unique D f role D f in D f the D f health Dfcare Dfsystem.
DIF: D f D f D f Cognitive DfLevel: DfAnalyze Df(Analysis)
TOP: Nursing DfProcess: D f Implementation MSC: D f NCLEX: Df Safe Dfand DfEffective DfCare
DfEnvironment
2. Which Dfstatement D f byDfthe D f nurse DfaccuratelyDfdescribes D f the D f use Dfof Dfevidence-based D f practice
Df(EBP)?
a. ―Patient Dfcare Dfis Dfbased Dfon Dfclinical Dfjudgment, Dfexperience, Dfand Dftraditions.‖
b. ―Data Dfare Dfanalyzed Dflater Dfto Dfshow Dfthat Dfthe Dfpatient Dfoutcomes Dfare DfconsistentlyDfmet.‖
c. ―Research Dffrom Dfall Dfpublished Dfarticles Dfare Dfused Dfas Dfa Dfguide Dffor Dfplanning Dfpatient Dfcare.‖
d. ―Recommendations Dfare Dfbased Dfon Dfresearch, Dfclinical Dfexpertise,
Dfand Dfpatient Dfpreferences.‖
ANS: D f D
Evidence-based D f practice D f (EBP) D f is Dfthe Dfuse Dfof Dfthe Dfbest D f research-based D f evidence
Dfcombined Dfwith Dfclinician Dfexpertise Dfand Dfconsideration Dfof Dfpatient Dfpreferences. DfClinical
Dfjudgment Dfbased D f on Dfthe Dfnurse‗s Dfclinical Dfexperience Dfis Dfpart Dfof DfEBP, Dfbut Dfclinical
Dfdecision Dfmaking Dfshould Dfalso D f incorporate Dfcurrent Dfresearch Dfand Dfresearch-based
Dfguidelines. DfEvaluation Dfof Dfpatient Dfoutcomes Dfis Dfimportant, Dfbut Dfdata Dfanalysis Dfis Dfnot
Dfrequired Dfto Dfuse DfEBP. DfAll Dfpublished Dfarticles Dfdo Dfnot D f provide Dfresearch Dfevidence;
Dfinterventions Dfshould Dfbe Dfbased Dfon Dfcredible Dfresearch, Dfpreferably Dfrandomized
Dfcontrolled Dfstudies Dfwith Dfa Dflarge Dfnumber Dfof Dfsubjects.
DIF: Cognitive DfLevel: DfUnderstand Df(Comprehension) TOP: DfNursing
DfProcess: DfPlanning DfMSC: D f NCLEX: DfSafe Dfand DfEffective Df Care D f Environment
3. Which Dfstatement D f byDfthe D f nurse Dfprovides D f a Dfclear D f explanation D f of Dfthe D f nursing Df process?
a. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfa Dfresearch Dfmethod DfofDfdiagnosing Dfthe Dfpatient‗s
health Dfcare Dfproblems.‖
Df
b. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfused DfprimarilyDfto Dfexplain Dfnursing
Dfinterventions Dfto Dfother Dfhealth Dfcare Dfprofessionals.‖
c. ―The Dfnursing Dfprocess Dfis Dfa Dfproblem-solving Dftool Dfused Dfto DfidentifyDfand Dfmanage Dfthe
4
