Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment – Test Bank/Study Guide | 2025–2026 Edition | Comprehensive Review Material

CURRENTMedicalDiagnosisandTreatment Il̀ Il̀ Il̀ Il̀




2025/2026 Testbank/Studyguide Il` Il`




Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
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1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections
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Il` among clients? The nurse:
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1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




3) washes hands onlyafter leaving each room. Il` Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il`




4) uses cold water for medical asepsis.Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized
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Il` patients?
1) Airborne microbes from other patients Il` Il` Il` Il`




2) Contact with contaminated equipment Il` Il` Il`




3) Hands of healthcare workers Il` Il` Il`




4) Exposure from familymembers Il` Il` Il̀




3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining medical
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Il` asepsis?
1) Washing hands Il`




2) Donning gloves Il`




3) Applying sterile drapes Il` Il`




4) Wearing a gown Il` Il`




4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is
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Il` considered a: Il`




1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4) carrier.
5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse
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Il` institute when caring for this patient?
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1) Droplet transmission Il`




2) Airborne transmission Il`




3) Direct contact Il`




4) Indirect contact Il`

, I l 6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous
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Il` antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed?
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1) Endogenous nosocomial Il`




2) Exogenous nosocomial Il`




3) Latent
4)
Primary
I 7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2
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Il` days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of
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Il` infection is the patient most likely experiencing? Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4)
Convalescence
8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is
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Il` necessary to help maintain sterile technique? Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field Il` Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




3)
Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




4)
Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These
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Il` findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
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1) Phagocytosis
2) Complement cascade Il`




3) Inflammation
4)
Immunity
10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving an
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Il` antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response?
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1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
IgM4)
11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of
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Il` immunoglobulin G? Il`




1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active

, 12. A patient asks the nurse why there is no vaccine available for the common cold. Which
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Il` response by the nurse is correct?
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1) The virus mutates too rapidly to develop a vaccine.
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2) Vaccines are developed onlyfor veryserious illnesses. Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il̀ Il `




3) Researchers are focusing efforts on an HIV vaccine. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




4) The virus for the common cold has not been identified.
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1 . A patient who has a temperature of 101F (38.3C) most likelyrequires:
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1) acetaminophen (Tylenol). Il`




2) increased fluids. Il`




3) bedrest.
4) tepid bath. Il`




14. Why is a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-based product as a skin
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Il` protectant? It: Il`




1) Prevents microorganisms from adhering to the skin. Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il`




2) Facilitates the absorption of latex proteins through the skin. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




3) Decreases the risk of latex allergies. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




4) Prevents the skin from drying and chaffing. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




15. For which range of time must a nurse wash her hands before working in the operating
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Il` room?
1) 1 to 2 minutes Il` Il` Il`




2) 2 to 4 minutes
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3) 2 to 6 minutes
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4) 6 to 10 minutes Il` Il` Il`




16. How should the nurse dispose of the breakfast tray of a patient who requires airborne
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Il` isolation?
1) Place the tray in a specially marked trash can inside the patients room. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




Place the tray in a special isolation bag held by a second healthcare worker at the patients
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2) door.
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Return the traywith a note to dietaryservices so it can be cleaned and reused for the next
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3) meal.
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Carrythe trayto an isolation trash receptacle located in the dirtyutilityroom and dispose of
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4) it there. Il` Il`




1 . How much liquid soap should the nurse use for effective hand washing? At least:
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1) 2 mL Il`




2) 3 mL Il`




3) 6 mL Il`




4) 7 mL Il`

, 18. To assure effectiveness, when should the nurse stop rubbing antiseptic hand solution
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Il` over all surfaces of the hands?
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1) When fingers feel sticky Il` Il` Il`




2) After 5 to 10 seconds Il` Il` Il` Il`




3) When leaving the clients room Il` Il` Il` Il`




4) Once fingers and hands feel dry Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




19. A patient is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy and has a low white blood cell
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Il` count. Which precaution should the staff take with this patient?
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1) Contact
2) Protective
3) Droplet
4) Airborne
20. While donning sterile gloves, the nurse notices the edges of the glove package are
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Il` slightly yellow. The yellow area is over 1 inch away from the gloves and only appears to be on the
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Il` outside of the glove package. What is the best action for the nurse to take at this point?
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1) Continue using the gloves inside the package because the package is intact. Il` Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




2) Remove gloves from sterile field and use a new pair of sterile gloves. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




3) Throw all supplies awaythat were to be used and begin again. Il` Il` Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il`




4) Use the gloves and make sure the yellow edges of the package do not touch the client. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




21. The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item should be
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Il` removed first? Il`




1) Gown
2) Gloves
3) Face shield Il`




4) Hair covering Il`




22. A nurse is splashed in the face by body fluid during a procedure. Prioritize the nurses
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actions, listing the most important one first.
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A. Contact employee health Il` Il`




B. Complete an incident report Il` Il` Il`




C. Wash the exposed area Il` Il` Il`




D. Report to another nurse that she is leaving the immediate area.
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1) 1, 2, 3, 4 Il` Il` Il`




2) 2, 3, 4, 1 Il` Il` Il`




3) 3, 4, 1, 2 Il` Il` Il`




4) 4, 1, 2, 3 Il` Il` Il`




Multiple Response Il`




Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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1. In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.
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