Module 1 Exam - Portage Learning - Microbiology
True/False. A virus is classified as a microbe.
Correct! - correct answersTrue!
—
Although viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms, they can, however, be classified as microbes, a more
general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule. - correct answersFalse!
—
The smallest biological unit of life is the cell.
At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what? - correct answersmacromolecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
polysaccharides)
Proteins are formed from various combinations of _________ of which there are _________ known forms. - correct answersamino
acids 20
Define an essential amino acid. - correct answersAn essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be
take in from the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food.
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell, and what are their roles? - correct answersWhile both DNA and
RNA can be found in the nucleus (center of the cell), only RNA is capable of leaving the nucleus. DNA contains a vast amount of
hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair:
3' GGUCAUCG 5'
5' CC AGC 3' - correct answers3' GGUCAUCG 5'
5' CCAGUAGC 3'
There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between G and C.
The plasma membrane (select all that are true): - correct answersIs often a bilayer comprised of lipids
Contains hydrophobic tails pointing inward
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms come together to form what primary macromolecule? Give an example. - correct
answersPolysaccharides (carbohydrates). Any sugar is acceptable: Glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, lactose, maltose, etc.
Also options: Starch, glycogen, cellulose, or chitin
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed region. - correct answersFalse!
—
Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies. - correct answersCoccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum
(spiral/corkscrew).
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions - correct answersTrue!
—
Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen-poor
conditions.
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista are all classification under what type of organism? - correct answersEukarya
Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting ________ energy into _______ energy. - correct
answersLight (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also contain chitin? Select all that
apply. - correct answersMushrooms, yeast, molds
True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue layers. - correct answersTrue!
The function of the ribosome is (select all that apply): - correct answersProtein synthesis: ribosomes are located in the cytoplasm of
prokaryotic cells and in the ER of eukaryotic cells
Identify the following cellular components by matching the number with the description. - correct answers1. F - nucleus
2. B - lysosome
3. E - plasma membrane
4. G - Golgi apparatus
True/False. A virus is classified as a microbe.
Correct! - correct answersTrue!
—
Although viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms, they can, however, be classified as microbes, a more
general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is the molecule. - correct answersFalse!
—
The smallest biological unit of life is the cell.
At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what? - correct answersmacromolecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
polysaccharides)
Proteins are formed from various combinations of _________ of which there are _________ known forms. - correct answersamino
acids 20
Define an essential amino acid. - correct answersAn essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be
take in from the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food.
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell, and what are their roles? - correct answersWhile both DNA and
RNA can be found in the nucleus (center of the cell), only RNA is capable of leaving the nucleus. DNA contains a vast amount of
hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair:
3' GGUCAUCG 5'
5' CC AGC 3' - correct answers3' GGUCAUCG 5'
5' CCAGUAGC 3'
There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between G and C.
The plasma membrane (select all that are true): - correct answersIs often a bilayer comprised of lipids
Contains hydrophobic tails pointing inward
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms come together to form what primary macromolecule? Give an example. - correct
answersPolysaccharides (carbohydrates). Any sugar is acceptable: Glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, lactose, maltose, etc.
Also options: Starch, glycogen, cellulose, or chitin
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed region. - correct answersFalse!
—
Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus
Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies. - correct answersCoccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum
(spiral/corkscrew).
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions - correct answersTrue!
—
Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen-poor
conditions.
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista are all classification under what type of organism? - correct answersEukarya
Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting ________ energy into _______ energy. - correct
answersLight (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also contain chitin? Select all that
apply. - correct answersMushrooms, yeast, molds
True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue layers. - correct answersTrue!
The function of the ribosome is (select all that apply): - correct answersProtein synthesis: ribosomes are located in the cytoplasm of
prokaryotic cells and in the ER of eukaryotic cells
Identify the following cellular components by matching the number with the description. - correct answers1. F - nucleus
2. B - lysosome
3. E - plasma membrane
4. G - Golgi apparatus
