Epidemiology Original Exam Set With Correct Verified Answers 2025

Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota a. Cause diseases b. Are found in a certain location on the host c. Are acquired by direct contact d. Are present for a relatively short time - Correct Ans-d. Are present for a relatively short time In parasitism, a. Both organisms benefit b. One organism benefits, and the other is unaffected c. Both organisms are unaffected d. One organism benefits at the expense of the other - Correct Ans-d. One organism benefits at the expense of the other The fact that normal microbiota can benefit the host by preventing the overgrowth of harmful microorganisms is called a. Microbial antagonism b. Symbiosis c. Mutualism d. Commensalism - Correct Ans-a. Microbial antagonism In commensalism, a. Both organisms benefit b. One organism benefits, and the other is unaffected c. Both organisms are unaffected d. One organism benefits at the expense of the other - Correct Ans-b. One organism benefits, and the other is unaffected If the normal microbiota are eliminated (by antibiotics, for example), it can result in a. Fewer diseases b. Normal microbiota returning immediately c. Increased susceptibility to disease d. No bacterial growth - Correct Ans-c. Increased susceptibility to disease Diseases caused by microorganisms that normally grow outside the human body and are not transmitted from one host to another are a. Communicable b. Contagious c. Nosocomial Epidemiology Epidemiology d. Noncommunicable - Correct Ans-d. Noncommunicable A patient experiences pain and discomfort. These changes in the patient's body function are referred to as a. Signs b. Symptoms c. A syndrome d. Infection - Correct Ans-b. Symptoms Objective changes the physician can observe and measure are called a. Symptoms b. Characteristics c. A syndrome d. Signs - Correct Ans-d. Signs An example of a contagious disease is a. Anthrax b. Tetanus c. Chickenpox d. Rabies - Correct Ans-c. Chickenpox A disease acquired by many people in a given area in a short period of time is called a. Pandemic b. Epidemic c. Sporadic d. Endemic - Correct Ans-b. Epidemic Tuberculosis may occur in individuals who have influenza. Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Tuberculosis is a predisposing factor b. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease c. Tuberculosis is a secondary infection d. Tuberculosis is a chronic disease - Correct Ans-a. Tuberculosis is a predisposing factor A period of illness is typically followed by a(n) a. Period of decline b. Incubation period c. Prodromal period d. Period of convalescence - Correct Ans-a. Period of decline The stage of disease that is characterized by early and mild symptoms is called the a. Period of illness b. Incubation period c. Prodromal period d. Period of convalescence - Correct Ans-c. Prodromal period Epidemiology Epidemiology Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet transmission? a. Botulism b. Tuberculosis c. Diphtheria d. Common cold - Correct Ans-a. Botulism The spread of disease agents via contaminated water is an example of a. Mechanical transmission b. Direct contact transmission c. Vehicle transmission d. Biological transmission - Correct Ans-c. Vehicle transmission A nosocomial infection a. Is typically present before a hospital stay b. Results from aseptic technique c. Is acquired during the course of hospitalization d. Is only a result of surgery - Correct Ans-c. Is acquired during the course of hospitalization What percentage of hospitalized patients acquire nosocomial infections? a. 5-15% b. 10-20% c. 15-25% d. 20-30% - Correct Ans-a. 5-15% What is the most common type of nosocomial infection? a. Lower respiratory infections b. Postoperative infections c. Bacteremia d. Urinary tract infections - Correct Ans-d. Urinary tract infections Nosocomial infections are primarily transmitted through a. Vehicle transmission b. Contract transmission c. Mechanical transmission d. Biological transmission - Correct Ans-b. Contract transmission Which of the following measures is NOT to prevent nosocomial infections b. Frequent handwashing c. Increased use of immunosuppresive drugs d. Education of staff - Correct Ans-c. Increased use of immunosuppresive drugs The science that studies when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in populations is called Epidemiology Epidemiology a. Etiology b. Epidemiology c. Communicable disease d. Morbidity and mortality - Correct Ans-b. Epidemiology Which of the following involves collecting all data that describe the occurrence of the disease under study? a. Analytical epidemiology b. Descriptive epidemiology c. Experimental epidemiology d. Case reporting - Correct Ans-b. Descriptive epidemiology The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report is published by the a. CDC (correct answer) b. NIH c. FDA d. WHO - Correct Ans-a. CDC Which of the following is NOT a notifiable infectious disease? a. Anthrax b. Cholera c. Hantavirus d. Tetanus - Correct Ans-d. Tetanus Who made a map showing that people infected with cholera drank from the Broad Street pump? a. Robert Koch b. John Snow c. Florence Nightingale d. Ignaz Semmelweis - Corre