WGUl D115l Pre-l Assessmentl (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Advancedl
Pathophysiologyl forl thel Advancedl
Practicel Nursel Review|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)
Q:l Al childl presentsl tol al clinicl withl al whitel pupillaryl reflexl notedl inl thel rightl eye.l
Thel childl isl constantlyl cryingl and
rubbingl herl eyes.l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l performsl al completel
ophthalmologicl examination
andl ordersl severall diagnosticl tests.l Basedl onl thel findings,l al diagnosisl ofl retinoblastomal
isl confirmed.
Whatl isl thel pathologicall mechanisml ofl thisl disorder?
l Autosomall dominantl linkedl tol genesl resultsl inl mutationsl onl chromosomel 21
l Deficiencyl ofl hexosaminidasel causesl accumulationl enzymesl thatl damagel thel brain
l Mutationsl ofl al genel onl chromosomel 13q14l leadl tol neoplasticl proliferationl ofl cells
l Invasionl ofl astrocytomasl ofl thel brainl structurel destroysl normall defenses
Answer:
Mutationsl ofl al genel onl chromosomel 13q14l leadl tol neoplasticl proliferationl ofl cells
Q:l Al patientl isl seenl byl anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l atl al primaryl
carel clinicl forl follow-upl tol discuss
abnormall resultsl ofl testingl forl peripherall nervousl systeml impairment.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl suspect?
l Autonomicl hyperreflexia
l Diffusel axonall injury
l Spinall cordl injury
l Demyelinatingl polyneuropathy
Answer:
Demyelinatingl polyneuropathy
,Q:l Al patientl isl seenl inl thel clinicl afterl beingl al restrainedl passengerl inl al carl accidentl
thel previousl week.l Thel patientl continuesl tol havel intermittentl headachesl andl hasl noticedl
periodsl ofl forgetfulness.l Assessmentl findingsl includel a
BPl ofl 130/82l mml Hgl andl anl apicall pulsel ratel ofl 72l bpm.l Anl advancedl practicel
registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl concerned
thatl thel symptomsl mightl steml froml al specificl process.
Whichl processl shouldl thel APRNl bel concernedl about?
l Decreasedl cerebrall perfusion
l Subarachnoidl hemorrhage
l Cerebrall concussion
l Skulll fracture
Answer:
Cerebrall concussion
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl examiningl anl adolescentl patientl
whol describesl hearingl voices
tellingl herl tol gatherl weaponsl becausel thel governmentl isl tryingl tol controll her.l Thel
patientl alsol describesl feelingsl of
happinessl relatedl tol al tragicl personall event.
Whatl isl thel probablel diagnosis?
l Bipolarl disorder
l Obsessivel compulsivel disorder
l Panicl attack
l Schizophrenia
Answer:
Schizophrenia
Q:l Al patientl isl seeingl anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l inl anl
occupationall healthl setting.l Thel patientl has
beenl referredl byl employeel assistancel forl recklessl andl self-destructivel behaviorsl andl al
violentl incidentl atl work
regardingl al fellowl employee.l Thel APRNl suspectsl post-traumaticl stressl disorderl (PTSD).
Whichl diagnosticl clusterl ofl PTSDl isl thel patientl exhibiting?
l Negativel cognitions
l Avoidance
l Reexperiencing
l Arousal
,Answer:
Arousal
Q:l Al 45-year-oldl malel patientl withl alteredl testosteronel levelsl needsl treatment.l Anl
advancedl practicel registeredl nurse
(APRN)l isl awarel thatl threel factorsl affectl hormonel targetl celll responsesl whenl
determiningl al treatmentl approach.
Whichl factorl shouldl bel consideredl byl thel APRN?
l Limitedl concentrationl ofl organs
l Changel ofl targetl celll sensitivity
l Affinityl ofl receptorl forl thel hormones
l Limitedl numberl ofl targetl celll receptors
Answer:
Affinityl ofl receptorl forl thel hormones
Q:l Al patientl isl beingl admittedl tol anl ICUl afterl al traumaticl brainl injury.l Duringl thel
firstl fewl hours,l thel patientl develops
polydipsia,l andl hisl urinaryl catheterl isl drainingl largel volumesl ofl dilutel urine.l Anl
advancedl practicel registeredl nurse
(APRN)l runsl somel tests,l andl thel seruml labl valuesl showl hypernatremial andl
hyperosmolarity.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl identifyl forl thisl patient?
l Diabetesl insipidus
l Hypopituitarism
l Hyperpituitarism
l Syndromel ofl inappropriatel antidiureticl hormone
Answer:
Diabetesl insipidus
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l examinesl al patientl andl notesl thel
followingl findings:
adiposel tissuel inl thel trunk,l facial,l andl cervicall areas
striael ofl skin
easyl bruising
thinl extremities
hypertension
cardiacl hypertrophy
, increasedl faciall hair
hypercortisolism
Whichl pathologicall mechanisml ofl thel diseasel processl isl associatedl withl thesel
symptoms?
l Excessivel autonomousl secretionl ofl aldosteronel duel tol lackl ofl itsl principall regulator,l
angiotensinl II
l Insufficientl ADHl activity,l excretionl ofl largel volumesl ofl dilutel urine,l andl increasedl
plasmal osmolality
l Hypomagnesemial inhibitsl PTHl secretion,l impairmentl ofl resorptionl ofl calciuml froml
bone,l and
regulationl ofl calciuml reabsorptionl froml thel renall tubules
l Secretionl ofl bothl cortisoll andl adrenall androgensl isl increasedl andl inhibitionl ofl
corticotropin-releasing
hormonel (CRH)l secretion
Answer:
Secretionl ofl bothl cortisoll andl adrenall androgensl isl increasedl andl inhibitionl ofl
corticotropin-releasing
hormonel (CRH)l secretion
Q:l Al patientl presentsl tol thel emergencyl departmentl complainingl ofl difficultyl
swallowing,l drooling,l andl painl radiatingl to
thel leftl ear.l Duringl thel assessment,l anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l notesl
unilaterall redness,l left
swollenl tonsil,l andl al displacedl uvula.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl makel forl thisl patient?
l Bartholin'sl abscess
l Pharyngitis
l Retropharyngeall abscess
l Periodontitis
Answer:
Retropharyngeall abscess
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl performingl anl assessmentl onl al
newbornl inl al nursery.l Thel infant's
headl isl atraumaticl withl anl open,l flat,l andl softl anteriorl fontanel.l Thel pupilsl arel equal,l
round,l andl reactivel tol light
withl normall lightl reflex.l Uponl occlusionl ofl thel leftl nare,l thel infantl startles,l becomesl
irritable,l andl isl unablel to
2025/l 2026l Update)l Advancedl
Pathophysiologyl forl thel Advancedl
Practicel Nursel Review|l Questionsl &l
Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl
(Verifiedl Solutions)
Q:l Al childl presentsl tol al clinicl withl al whitel pupillaryl reflexl notedl inl thel rightl eye.l
Thel childl isl constantlyl cryingl and
rubbingl herl eyes.l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l performsl al completel
ophthalmologicl examination
andl ordersl severall diagnosticl tests.l Basedl onl thel findings,l al diagnosisl ofl retinoblastomal
isl confirmed.
Whatl isl thel pathologicall mechanisml ofl thisl disorder?
l Autosomall dominantl linkedl tol genesl resultsl inl mutationsl onl chromosomel 21
l Deficiencyl ofl hexosaminidasel causesl accumulationl enzymesl thatl damagel thel brain
l Mutationsl ofl al genel onl chromosomel 13q14l leadl tol neoplasticl proliferationl ofl cells
l Invasionl ofl astrocytomasl ofl thel brainl structurel destroysl normall defenses
Answer:
Mutationsl ofl al genel onl chromosomel 13q14l leadl tol neoplasticl proliferationl ofl cells
Q:l Al patientl isl seenl byl anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l atl al primaryl
carel clinicl forl follow-upl tol discuss
abnormall resultsl ofl testingl forl peripherall nervousl systeml impairment.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl suspect?
l Autonomicl hyperreflexia
l Diffusel axonall injury
l Spinall cordl injury
l Demyelinatingl polyneuropathy
Answer:
Demyelinatingl polyneuropathy
,Q:l Al patientl isl seenl inl thel clinicl afterl beingl al restrainedl passengerl inl al carl accidentl
thel previousl week.l Thel patientl continuesl tol havel intermittentl headachesl andl hasl noticedl
periodsl ofl forgetfulness.l Assessmentl findingsl includel a
BPl ofl 130/82l mml Hgl andl anl apicall pulsel ratel ofl 72l bpm.l Anl advancedl practicel
registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl concerned
thatl thel symptomsl mightl steml froml al specificl process.
Whichl processl shouldl thel APRNl bel concernedl about?
l Decreasedl cerebrall perfusion
l Subarachnoidl hemorrhage
l Cerebrall concussion
l Skulll fracture
Answer:
Cerebrall concussion
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl examiningl anl adolescentl patientl
whol describesl hearingl voices
tellingl herl tol gatherl weaponsl becausel thel governmentl isl tryingl tol controll her.l Thel
patientl alsol describesl feelingsl of
happinessl relatedl tol al tragicl personall event.
Whatl isl thel probablel diagnosis?
l Bipolarl disorder
l Obsessivel compulsivel disorder
l Panicl attack
l Schizophrenia
Answer:
Schizophrenia
Q:l Al patientl isl seeingl anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l inl anl
occupationall healthl setting.l Thel patientl has
beenl referredl byl employeel assistancel forl recklessl andl self-destructivel behaviorsl andl al
violentl incidentl atl work
regardingl al fellowl employee.l Thel APRNl suspectsl post-traumaticl stressl disorderl (PTSD).
Whichl diagnosticl clusterl ofl PTSDl isl thel patientl exhibiting?
l Negativel cognitions
l Avoidance
l Reexperiencing
l Arousal
,Answer:
Arousal
Q:l Al 45-year-oldl malel patientl withl alteredl testosteronel levelsl needsl treatment.l Anl
advancedl practicel registeredl nurse
(APRN)l isl awarel thatl threel factorsl affectl hormonel targetl celll responsesl whenl
determiningl al treatmentl approach.
Whichl factorl shouldl bel consideredl byl thel APRN?
l Limitedl concentrationl ofl organs
l Changel ofl targetl celll sensitivity
l Affinityl ofl receptorl forl thel hormones
l Limitedl numberl ofl targetl celll receptors
Answer:
Affinityl ofl receptorl forl thel hormones
Q:l Al patientl isl beingl admittedl tol anl ICUl afterl al traumaticl brainl injury.l Duringl thel
firstl fewl hours,l thel patientl develops
polydipsia,l andl hisl urinaryl catheterl isl drainingl largel volumesl ofl dilutel urine.l Anl
advancedl practicel registeredl nurse
(APRN)l runsl somel tests,l andl thel seruml labl valuesl showl hypernatremial andl
hyperosmolarity.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl identifyl forl thisl patient?
l Diabetesl insipidus
l Hypopituitarism
l Hyperpituitarism
l Syndromel ofl inappropriatel antidiureticl hormone
Answer:
Diabetesl insipidus
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l examinesl al patientl andl notesl thel
followingl findings:
adiposel tissuel inl thel trunk,l facial,l andl cervicall areas
striael ofl skin
easyl bruising
thinl extremities
hypertension
cardiacl hypertrophy
, increasedl faciall hair
hypercortisolism
Whichl pathologicall mechanisml ofl thel diseasel processl isl associatedl withl thesel
symptoms?
l Excessivel autonomousl secretionl ofl aldosteronel duel tol lackl ofl itsl principall regulator,l
angiotensinl II
l Insufficientl ADHl activity,l excretionl ofl largel volumesl ofl dilutel urine,l andl increasedl
plasmal osmolality
l Hypomagnesemial inhibitsl PTHl secretion,l impairmentl ofl resorptionl ofl calciuml froml
bone,l and
regulationl ofl calciuml reabsorptionl froml thel renall tubules
l Secretionl ofl bothl cortisoll andl adrenall androgensl isl increasedl andl inhibitionl ofl
corticotropin-releasing
hormonel (CRH)l secretion
Answer:
Secretionl ofl bothl cortisoll andl adrenall androgensl isl increasedl andl inhibitionl ofl
corticotropin-releasing
hormonel (CRH)l secretion
Q:l Al patientl presentsl tol thel emergencyl departmentl complainingl ofl difficultyl
swallowing,l drooling,l andl painl radiatingl to
thel leftl ear.l Duringl thel assessment,l anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l notesl
unilaterall redness,l left
swollenl tonsil,l andl al displacedl uvula.
Whichl diagnosisl shouldl thel APRNl makel forl thisl patient?
l Bartholin'sl abscess
l Pharyngitis
l Retropharyngeall abscess
l Periodontitis
Answer:
Retropharyngeall abscess
Q:l Anl advancedl practicel registeredl nursel (APRN)l isl performingl anl assessmentl onl al
newbornl inl al nursery.l Thel infant's
headl isl atraumaticl withl anl open,l flat,l andl softl anteriorl fontanel.l Thel pupilsl arel equal,l
round,l andl reactivel tol light
withl normall lightl reflex.l Uponl occlusionl ofl thel leftl nare,l thel infantl startles,l becomesl
irritable,l andl isl unablel to
