NCSF FINAL EXAM

NCSF FINAL EXAMWhat term represents the transfer of energy across joints to support voluntary movement? Kinetic chain The posterior pelvic tilt seen in this picture, is commonly seen in bilateral leg exercises a result of tight . glutes Ankle dorsi flexion is caused by . a concentric contraction of the anterior tibialis When performing biceps and triceps exercises, what joint action should occur at the shoulder? no joint movement What exercise is used to cause elevation of the shoulder complex (scapulae and humerus)? barbell shrug What is the natural curvature of the thoracic spine? kyphotic curve When performed correctly, what is the prime mover responsible for hip extension during the back squat? gluteus maximus What back muscle is the prime mover for the seated row exercise as it is responsible for retraction of the scapula? rhomboids Which of the following exercises requires the greatest contribution from trunk stabilizers when using 80% 1RM? barbell bent-over row The performance of dumbbell side raises occurs in what movement plane? frontal What position of the knee is necessary to fully stretch the gastrocnemius when the ankle is in full dorsi flexion? fully extended What muscles are used to globally stabilize the humerus during the bench press? latissimus dorsi and deltoid 00:0301:25 Page 2 of 10 Clients should be instructed to retract the scapula during the seated row exercise in order to effectively train the: rhomboids Aerobic metabolism in the muscle cell occurs within which organelle? mitochondria What anabolic hormone is released in higher concentrations in response to heavy resistance training? testosterone Which pair of movements employ reciprocal inhibition in a training set aimed at improving strength and flexibility? seated leg extension and hamstring stretch Which of the following is the only energy substrate that can be metabolized aerobically or anaerobically to produce ATP? glycogen What type of contraction is performed by the abdominals and erector spinae muscle group during the performance of a push-up? isometric What physiological response occurs when lactate builds up in the blood? respiration rates increase What has the greatest impact on relative hormonal response during exercise? intensity of exercise What causes the protein-sparing mechanism to shut off during exercise? inadequate carbohydrates Besides differences in muscle mass and strength capabilities, why do females have lower cardiac outputs compared to males? smaller relative heart size To optimize aerobic capacity the body increases oxygen delivery and extraction by adding: capillaries Why is it recommended to perform static stretches following exercise, and not before? pre-exercise static stretching can reduce power output Which system of the body has the greatest adaptation rate when exposed to a new training stimulus? nervous system Delayed-onset muscle soreness generally appears: 24-48 hours after a training session ends Stroke volume levels off at about 40% VO2max, forcing the body to rely strictly on increased to manage cardiac output as the intensity rises. heart rate Which of the following is a postural muscle characterized by a relatively greater slowtwitch fiber density? soleus Which of the following recommendations would directly reduce the risk for heart disease? reducing chronic psychological stress Page 3 of 10 Advancing age and disease reduce vessel responsiveness called which increases risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. vascular compliance Which type of exercise is most associated with measures of health and life expectancy? aerobic What affect does routine, moderate-intensity aerobic training have on one's blood lipid profile? HDL will increase Increased midsection girth with age is a concern because: android obesity is linked with heart disease What adaptation to aerobic exercise reduces heart rates at rest and during sub-maximal exercise? increased stroke volume What negative affect does trans fat have on blood lipid profiles? reduced HDL What is the most unhealthy behavior as measured by risk for heart disease? smoking cigarettes What positive change can be expected from an aerobic exercise intervention for a hypertensive client lasting several months? a reduction of blood pressure by 10 points What affect does chronic high blood insulin (hyperinsulinemia) have on body composition? increased body fat What becomes the most limited trunk movement for older adults due to the aging process? extension How is sarcopenia prevented with advancing age? strength/power training What affect does vascular peripheral resistance have on physical health? Increased blood pressure What type of performance training is most associated with independence for older adults? powe