Ch. 12 Infection: Med Surgical questions and
100% verified Answer 2025/2026
Define infection: - Answer invasion of the body with agents that have the potential to cause disease
What is communicable/contagious diseases? - Answer infectious disorders that can be transmitted from
one person to another
Types of infectious agents include what? - Answer microorganisms and prions
Microorganisms can only be seen with what? - Answer microscope
Infectious microorganisms include what? (8) - Answer 1. bacteria
2. viruses
3. fungi
4. rickettsiae
5. protozoans
6. mycoplasmas
7. helminths
8. prions
Bacteria are what? - Answer single celled microorganisms
What are round bacteria called? - Answer cocci
How is round bacteria classified? - Answer by how they grow
What is staphylococci? - Answer round bacteria that grows in clusters
What is streptococci? - Answer round bacteria that grow in chains
,What is diplococci? - Answer round bacteria that grow in pairs
What is rod shaped bacteria called? - Answer bacilli
What is spiral-shaped called? - Answer spirochetes
Aerobic bacteria require what to grow and multiply? - Answer oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria grow and multiple in what? - Answer an atmosphere that lacks oxygen
What is multidrug resistance? - Answer ability to remain unaffected by antimicrobial drugs such as
antibiotics
What are some examples of bacteria that are developing multidrug resistance? - Answer Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli
Viruses can only be seen with what? - Answer high powered electron microscopes
Viruses are filterable, meaning what? - Answer they can pass through very small barriers
Viruses are divided into what? - Answer 2 types
What are the 2 types viruses are divided into? - Answer 1. those whose nucleic acid is composed of DNA
2. those whose nucleic acid is composed of RNA
How do viruses grow and reproduce? - Answer they use the metabolic and reproductive materials of
living cells or tissues
Can viruses survive outside a living organism/host? - Answer yes, but not very long
, Can viruses reproduce outside a living organism/host? - Answer no, they lack their own genetic
components to do so
What does self-limiting mean? - Answer means that they terminate with or without medical treatment
Fungi is divided into how many basic groups? - Answer 2
What are the 2 basic groups fungi is divided into? - Answer 1. yeast
2. molds
What are the three types of fungal (mycotic) infections? - Answer 1. superficial
2. intermediate
3. deep
Superficial fungal infections affect what? - Answer also called dermatophytoses, affect skin, hair and
nails
Superficial fungal infections examples include? - Answer ring worm (tinea corporis) and athlete's foot
(tinea pedis)
Intermediate fungal infections chiefly affect what? - Answer subcutaneous tissues
Intermediate fungal infection example? - Answer candidiasis (thrush)
Candidiasis does what? - Answer intermediate fungal infection, affects the mucous membranes in the
mouth, pharynx, or vagina
Deep (systemic) fungal infections affect what? - Answer deep tissues and organs
100% verified Answer 2025/2026
Define infection: - Answer invasion of the body with agents that have the potential to cause disease
What is communicable/contagious diseases? - Answer infectious disorders that can be transmitted from
one person to another
Types of infectious agents include what? - Answer microorganisms and prions
Microorganisms can only be seen with what? - Answer microscope
Infectious microorganisms include what? (8) - Answer 1. bacteria
2. viruses
3. fungi
4. rickettsiae
5. protozoans
6. mycoplasmas
7. helminths
8. prions
Bacteria are what? - Answer single celled microorganisms
What are round bacteria called? - Answer cocci
How is round bacteria classified? - Answer by how they grow
What is staphylococci? - Answer round bacteria that grows in clusters
What is streptococci? - Answer round bacteria that grow in chains
,What is diplococci? - Answer round bacteria that grow in pairs
What is rod shaped bacteria called? - Answer bacilli
What is spiral-shaped called? - Answer spirochetes
Aerobic bacteria require what to grow and multiply? - Answer oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria grow and multiple in what? - Answer an atmosphere that lacks oxygen
What is multidrug resistance? - Answer ability to remain unaffected by antimicrobial drugs such as
antibiotics
What are some examples of bacteria that are developing multidrug resistance? - Answer Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli
Viruses can only be seen with what? - Answer high powered electron microscopes
Viruses are filterable, meaning what? - Answer they can pass through very small barriers
Viruses are divided into what? - Answer 2 types
What are the 2 types viruses are divided into? - Answer 1. those whose nucleic acid is composed of DNA
2. those whose nucleic acid is composed of RNA
How do viruses grow and reproduce? - Answer they use the metabolic and reproductive materials of
living cells or tissues
Can viruses survive outside a living organism/host? - Answer yes, but not very long
, Can viruses reproduce outside a living organism/host? - Answer no, they lack their own genetic
components to do so
What does self-limiting mean? - Answer means that they terminate with or without medical treatment
Fungi is divided into how many basic groups? - Answer 2
What are the 2 basic groups fungi is divided into? - Answer 1. yeast
2. molds
What are the three types of fungal (mycotic) infections? - Answer 1. superficial
2. intermediate
3. deep
Superficial fungal infections affect what? - Answer also called dermatophytoses, affect skin, hair and
nails
Superficial fungal infections examples include? - Answer ring worm (tinea corporis) and athlete's foot
(tinea pedis)
Intermediate fungal infections chiefly affect what? - Answer subcutaneous tissues
Intermediate fungal infection example? - Answer candidiasis (thrush)
Candidiasis does what? - Answer intermediate fungal infection, affects the mucous membranes in the
mouth, pharynx, or vagina
Deep (systemic) fungal infections affect what? - Answer deep tissues and organs
