A&P Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4) Review QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS.
What are the pleural and pericardial cavities? - Pleural cavity: the potential space between the
two pleurae of the lungs.
Pericardial cavity: the potential space between the parietal pericardium and visceral layer.
What is the mRNA sequence complimentary to the following DNA sequence: ATTCGGCTTA -
TAAGCCGAAT
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid? Provide an example of each. -
Strong acids dissociate completely releasing lots of H (ex: HCl)
Weak acids only partially dissociate releasing fewer H (amino acids)
What are the four types of chemical bonds formed between atoms? - Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Hydrophobic
Which type of bond is found between the hydrogens and oxygen in H2O? - Covalent
What is formed when an acid is mixed with a base? - They neutralize each other, so you get a
neutral pH.
The element carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an tonic mass of 12. How many neutrons are
found in carbon? - 6
What are the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins? - Primary =
amino acid chain
Secondary = alpha helices & beta sheets
Tertiary = folded helices & sheets
Quaternary = multiple polypeptides
What is the difference between anabolism, catabolism and metabolism? - Metabolism is all
chemical reactions.
Anabolism is the process of cells using energy to synthesize complex molecules from simple
ones
Catabolism is the process of cells gaining energy by breaking down complex molecules into
simple ones
CORRECT ANSWERS.
What are the pleural and pericardial cavities? - Pleural cavity: the potential space between the
two pleurae of the lungs.
Pericardial cavity: the potential space between the parietal pericardium and visceral layer.
What is the mRNA sequence complimentary to the following DNA sequence: ATTCGGCTTA -
TAAGCCGAAT
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid? Provide an example of each. -
Strong acids dissociate completely releasing lots of H (ex: HCl)
Weak acids only partially dissociate releasing fewer H (amino acids)
What are the four types of chemical bonds formed between atoms? - Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Hydrophobic
Which type of bond is found between the hydrogens and oxygen in H2O? - Covalent
What is formed when an acid is mixed with a base? - They neutralize each other, so you get a
neutral pH.
The element carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an tonic mass of 12. How many neutrons are
found in carbon? - 6
What are the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins? - Primary =
amino acid chain
Secondary = alpha helices & beta sheets
Tertiary = folded helices & sheets
Quaternary = multiple polypeptides
What is the difference between anabolism, catabolism and metabolism? - Metabolism is all
chemical reactions.
Anabolism is the process of cells using energy to synthesize complex molecules from simple
ones
Catabolism is the process of cells gaining energy by breaking down complex molecules into
simple ones
