ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Plasma - CORRECT ANSWER -clear, straw-colored liquid portion of blood
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWER -plasma protein that helps regulate osmotic
concentration
Globulins - CORRECT ANSWER -plasma proteins synthesized by liver; used for
transport of gases, lipids, and fat-soluble vitamins; hemoglobin is an example
Hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWER -percentage of red blood cells in blood
Hematopoietic stem cells - CORRECT ANSWER -give rise to all blood cells; found in
bone marrow (aka hemocytoblasts)
Megakaryocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -cells that develop from stem cells to become
thrombocytes
Erythrocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -mature red blood cell
Hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -oxygen-carrying molecule found on erythrocyte;
contains iron
Erythropoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER -production of red blood cells
Erythroblast - CORRECT ANSWER -immature red blood cell
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -deficiency of red blood cells
Oxyhemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -hemoglobin carrying oxygen-bright red in color
DE oxyhemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -hemoglobin with no oxygen
Leukocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -white blood cell
Diagenesis - CORRECT ANSWER -squeezing of leukocytes through blood vessel wall
Neutrophil - CORRECT ANSWER -phagocytic white blood cell; first responders to site
of infection (bacteria, virus, & some fungi)
, Basophil - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell active during allergic
response; produces histamine and promotes inflammation
Eosinophil - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell; causes allergy response
Monocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -largest white blood cell; become macrophages;
phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and other intercellular debris
Lymphocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell that directly attack specific
microorganisms, tumor cells, & transplanted cells (B & T cells)
Phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER -cell eating
Intracellular - CORRECT ANSWER -within a cell
Intercellular - CORRECT ANSWER -between cells
hemocytoblasts - CORRECT ANSWER -stem cell that gives rise to all blood cells
Leukemia - CORRECT ANSWER -cancer of white blood cells
Vascular spasm - CORRECT ANSWER -immediate vasoconstriction
Fibrinogen/fibrin - CORRECT ANSWER -fibrinogen is an inactive clotting protein found
in blood plasma; fibrin is the activated protein that forms the "net" of a coagulation plug
Prothrombin/thrombin - CORRECT ANSWER -prothrombin is a globular protein found in
blood plasma (inactive); thrombin is the activated form and is an enzyme that catalyzes
the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen
Extrinsic clotting mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -release of biochemical from
damaged vessels or tissue
Intrinsic clotting mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -components found directly in blood
that contribute to clot formation
Serotonin - CORRECT ANSWER -chemical released by platelets that causes
vasoconstriction
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Plasma - CORRECT ANSWER -clear, straw-colored liquid portion of blood
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWER -plasma protein that helps regulate osmotic
concentration
Globulins - CORRECT ANSWER -plasma proteins synthesized by liver; used for
transport of gases, lipids, and fat-soluble vitamins; hemoglobin is an example
Hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWER -percentage of red blood cells in blood
Hematopoietic stem cells - CORRECT ANSWER -give rise to all blood cells; found in
bone marrow (aka hemocytoblasts)
Megakaryocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -cells that develop from stem cells to become
thrombocytes
Erythrocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -mature red blood cell
Hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -oxygen-carrying molecule found on erythrocyte;
contains iron
Erythropoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER -production of red blood cells
Erythroblast - CORRECT ANSWER -immature red blood cell
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -deficiency of red blood cells
Oxyhemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -hemoglobin carrying oxygen-bright red in color
DE oxyhemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER -hemoglobin with no oxygen
Leukocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -white blood cell
Diagenesis - CORRECT ANSWER -squeezing of leukocytes through blood vessel wall
Neutrophil - CORRECT ANSWER -phagocytic white blood cell; first responders to site
of infection (bacteria, virus, & some fungi)
, Basophil - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell active during allergic
response; produces histamine and promotes inflammation
Eosinophil - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell; causes allergy response
Monocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -largest white blood cell; become macrophages;
phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and other intercellular debris
Lymphocyte - CORRECT ANSWER -type of white blood cell that directly attack specific
microorganisms, tumor cells, & transplanted cells (B & T cells)
Phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER -cell eating
Intracellular - CORRECT ANSWER -within a cell
Intercellular - CORRECT ANSWER -between cells
hemocytoblasts - CORRECT ANSWER -stem cell that gives rise to all blood cells
Leukemia - CORRECT ANSWER -cancer of white blood cells
Vascular spasm - CORRECT ANSWER -immediate vasoconstriction
Fibrinogen/fibrin - CORRECT ANSWER -fibrinogen is an inactive clotting protein found
in blood plasma; fibrin is the activated protein that forms the "net" of a coagulation plug
Prothrombin/thrombin - CORRECT ANSWER -prothrombin is a globular protein found in
blood plasma (inactive); thrombin is the activated form and is an enzyme that catalyzes
the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen
Extrinsic clotting mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -release of biochemical from
damaged vessels or tissue
Intrinsic clotting mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -components found directly in blood
that contribute to clot formation
Serotonin - CORRECT ANSWER -chemical released by platelets that causes
vasoconstriction
