LOMA 335 EVALUATION EXAMS 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔Empirical Testing - ✔✔applying scientific method to prove the statement is true or
false.
✔✔Relational Hypothesis - ✔✔a tentative statement describing a relationship between
variables
✔✔Descriptive Hypothesis - ✔✔tentative statement about the existence, size, form or
distribution of some variable
✔✔Explanatory Hypothesis - ✔✔tentative statement describing a relationship between
variables in which one independent variable has a specified observable effect on a
dependent variable
✔✔Model - ✔✔representation of a system and is constructed to permit researchers to
study the system
✔✔Independent Variable - ✔✔in a research model, represents a force determining the
value of the dependent variable
✔✔Dependent Variable - ✔✔in a research model, represents the outcomes a
researcher wishes to estimate
✔✔Moderating Variable - ✔✔type of independent variable that has a secondary
influence on a dependent variable
✔✔Intervening Variable - ✔✔factor that cannot be measured directly, although its
presence and effects can be inferred from observation of dependent and moderating
variables
✔✔Extraneous Variable - ✔✔random effect or another effect which should be excluded
from consideration in research
✔✔Control Variable - ✔✔variable introduced to help interpret the relationship between
other variables
✔✔Deductive Reasoning - ✔✔process of reaching the only conclusion possible from a
given set of supporting facts
✔✔Inductive Reasoning - ✔✔process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of a
collection of facts. Reach conclusion without logical proof
,✔✔Quantitative Research - ✔✔designed to examine exclusively numerical information
and generate numerical information about the characteristics of a phenomenon under
analysis
✔✔Qualitative Research - ✔✔designed to apply inductive reasoning to interpret and
find new meaning in verbal information, potentially along with numerical information and
then generate verbal descriptions of phenomena associated with a specified research
subject
✔✔Exploratory Research - ✔✔research with a purpose of exploring available data and
information. Describe conclusion and state of available literature
✔✔Experimental Research - ✔✔research having an objective of proving a statement.
Prove a hypothesis
✔✔Correlation Research - ✔✔research designed to demonstrate a relationship
between variables. Identify trends or relationships, employs quantitative analytical
techniques
✔✔Decision Science - ✔✔approach to analyzing complex decision-making problems
using mostly quantitative techniques to identify mathematically preferred or optimal
solutions
✔✔Decision Model - ✔✔type of decision analysis tool that describes all elements of a
decision in a manner which helps a decision maker evaluate and compare several
potential courses of action
✔✔Predictive Analytics - ✔✔automated data analysis for predictive modeling in
business applications
✔✔Business Intelligence - ✔✔using automation for discovering decision-support
information for business purposes
✔✔Business Analytics - ✔✔involves software for data mining, statistical analysis,
predictive modeling, business process modeling and predictive analytics
✔✔Expert Systems - ✔✔software packages that perform tasks otherwise performed by
human subject-matter experts
✔✔Random Error - ✔✔error due to imprecision in measurement or variability in
sampling. Does not show a constant direction
✔✔Statistical Bias - ✔✔consistent or systemic error arising from a flaw in the research
design
, ✔✔Sampling Bias - ✔✔present in a sampling technique that is more likely to include
some members of the target population than others
✔✔Measurement Bias - ✔✔systematic error arising from data collection methods
✔✔Cultural Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to interpret and
report evidence in terms of the observer's culture
✔✔Attention Bias - ✔✔consistent error in research outcomes which arises because
individuals who know they are being studied tend to perform better because of the
attention to their performance
✔✔Social Acceptance Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency for
individuals to make socially acceptable statements, even though they may feel another
way
✔✔Acquiescence Bias - ✔✔consistent error in survey data arising from the tendency of
interviewees to agree with the questioner
✔✔Optimism Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to take a
favorable or hopeful view of future outcomes
✔✔Denial - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to ignore the
existence of unpleasant facts
✔✔Expectation bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to
overemphasize evidence that supports a research hypothesis
✔✔Reference Bias - ✔✔survey design error that consists of a tendency for the
sequence of topics, questions, and activities to bias answers
✔✔Publication Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to
overemphasize research evidence that has been published widely as opposed to results
that received limited distribution
✔✔Sponsor Bias - ✔✔consistent error in observation that occurs when a study
participant knows the identity of the sponsor and is motivated to report responses in a
biased manner
✔✔Intervention Bias - ✔✔systematic error in implementation of research arising from
differences in the application of research methodologies within a research study
AND SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔Empirical Testing - ✔✔applying scientific method to prove the statement is true or
false.
✔✔Relational Hypothesis - ✔✔a tentative statement describing a relationship between
variables
✔✔Descriptive Hypothesis - ✔✔tentative statement about the existence, size, form or
distribution of some variable
✔✔Explanatory Hypothesis - ✔✔tentative statement describing a relationship between
variables in which one independent variable has a specified observable effect on a
dependent variable
✔✔Model - ✔✔representation of a system and is constructed to permit researchers to
study the system
✔✔Independent Variable - ✔✔in a research model, represents a force determining the
value of the dependent variable
✔✔Dependent Variable - ✔✔in a research model, represents the outcomes a
researcher wishes to estimate
✔✔Moderating Variable - ✔✔type of independent variable that has a secondary
influence on a dependent variable
✔✔Intervening Variable - ✔✔factor that cannot be measured directly, although its
presence and effects can be inferred from observation of dependent and moderating
variables
✔✔Extraneous Variable - ✔✔random effect or another effect which should be excluded
from consideration in research
✔✔Control Variable - ✔✔variable introduced to help interpret the relationship between
other variables
✔✔Deductive Reasoning - ✔✔process of reaching the only conclusion possible from a
given set of supporting facts
✔✔Inductive Reasoning - ✔✔process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of a
collection of facts. Reach conclusion without logical proof
,✔✔Quantitative Research - ✔✔designed to examine exclusively numerical information
and generate numerical information about the characteristics of a phenomenon under
analysis
✔✔Qualitative Research - ✔✔designed to apply inductive reasoning to interpret and
find new meaning in verbal information, potentially along with numerical information and
then generate verbal descriptions of phenomena associated with a specified research
subject
✔✔Exploratory Research - ✔✔research with a purpose of exploring available data and
information. Describe conclusion and state of available literature
✔✔Experimental Research - ✔✔research having an objective of proving a statement.
Prove a hypothesis
✔✔Correlation Research - ✔✔research designed to demonstrate a relationship
between variables. Identify trends or relationships, employs quantitative analytical
techniques
✔✔Decision Science - ✔✔approach to analyzing complex decision-making problems
using mostly quantitative techniques to identify mathematically preferred or optimal
solutions
✔✔Decision Model - ✔✔type of decision analysis tool that describes all elements of a
decision in a manner which helps a decision maker evaluate and compare several
potential courses of action
✔✔Predictive Analytics - ✔✔automated data analysis for predictive modeling in
business applications
✔✔Business Intelligence - ✔✔using automation for discovering decision-support
information for business purposes
✔✔Business Analytics - ✔✔involves software for data mining, statistical analysis,
predictive modeling, business process modeling and predictive analytics
✔✔Expert Systems - ✔✔software packages that perform tasks otherwise performed by
human subject-matter experts
✔✔Random Error - ✔✔error due to imprecision in measurement or variability in
sampling. Does not show a constant direction
✔✔Statistical Bias - ✔✔consistent or systemic error arising from a flaw in the research
design
, ✔✔Sampling Bias - ✔✔present in a sampling technique that is more likely to include
some members of the target population than others
✔✔Measurement Bias - ✔✔systematic error arising from data collection methods
✔✔Cultural Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to interpret and
report evidence in terms of the observer's culture
✔✔Attention Bias - ✔✔consistent error in research outcomes which arises because
individuals who know they are being studied tend to perform better because of the
attention to their performance
✔✔Social Acceptance Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency for
individuals to make socially acceptable statements, even though they may feel another
way
✔✔Acquiescence Bias - ✔✔consistent error in survey data arising from the tendency of
interviewees to agree with the questioner
✔✔Optimism Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to take a
favorable or hopeful view of future outcomes
✔✔Denial - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to ignore the
existence of unpleasant facts
✔✔Expectation bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to
overemphasize evidence that supports a research hypothesis
✔✔Reference Bias - ✔✔survey design error that consists of a tendency for the
sequence of topics, questions, and activities to bias answers
✔✔Publication Bias - ✔✔consistent cognitive error consisting of a tendency to
overemphasize research evidence that has been published widely as opposed to results
that received limited distribution
✔✔Sponsor Bias - ✔✔consistent error in observation that occurs when a study
participant knows the identity of the sponsor and is motivated to report responses in a
biased manner
✔✔Intervention Bias - ✔✔systematic error in implementation of research arising from
differences in the application of research methodologies within a research study
