TEWLS 410 EXAM 2 Questions with Correct
Answers 2025/2026 Rated A+
LSHF failure:
-causes
-2 major implications - CORRECT ANSWER -HTN, CAD, valve disease
decreased tissue perfusion and pulmonary congestion indicative of this kind
systolic HF:
-alteration
-causes an increase in - CORRECT ANSWER -heart cannot contract forcefully enough during
systole to eject adequate amounts of blood into circulation
preload increases d/t decreased contractility
diastolic HF:
-alteration - CORRECT ANSWER -left ventricle cannot relax enough during diastole
ventricles prevented from filing w/ enough blood
,RSHF:
-causes
-implication - CORRECT ANSWER -LV failure, RV MI, pulmonary hypertension, PE, mitral valve
dysfunction
peripheral edema results
high-output HF:
-occurs when
-example conditions - CORRECT ANSWER -CO is wnl, but increased metabolic needs or
hyperkinetic conditions
sepsis, high fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism
compensatory mechanisms:
-SNS stimulation
-increased afterload issues - CORRECT ANSWER -increasing catecholamines d/t tissue hypoxia
causes increase in HR, and BP d/t vasoconstriction
determines myocardial oxygen requirements>>>LV needs more energy to eject its contents
,compensatory mechanisms:
-activation of RAS d/t
-two major responses (increases)
-angiotensin II contributes to - CORRECT ANSWER -reduced blood flow to the kidneys
vasoconstriction and aldosterone causes sodium/water retention>>>>increased preload and
afterload
ventricular remodeling, which leads to contractile dysfunction over time
compensatory mechanisms:
-immune response
-contributes to - CORRECT ANSWER -TNF and interleukins are released in LSHF
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>ventricular remodeling
compensatory mechanisms:
-BNP
, -mechanism of action - CORRECT ANSWER -released by ventricles when in fluid overload
vasodilation and diuresis thru sodium loss in kidneys
compensatory mechanisms:
-vasopressin - CORRECT ANSWER -posterior pituitary glands secrete...causes vasoconstriction
and fluid retention that worsens condition
myocardial hypertrophy:
-alteration
-issue r/t - CORRECT ANSWER -heart walls thicken to provide more forceful contractions and CO
collateral circulation and heart is o2 deprived
LSHF:
-manifestations d/t decreased CO
-manifestations d/t pulmonary congestion - CORRECT ANSWER -fatigue, weakness, oliguria,
angina, confusion, tachycardia
hacking cough that worsens at night, dyspnea, frothy/pink sputum, S3 gallop
RSHF:
Answers 2025/2026 Rated A+
LSHF failure:
-causes
-2 major implications - CORRECT ANSWER -HTN, CAD, valve disease
decreased tissue perfusion and pulmonary congestion indicative of this kind
systolic HF:
-alteration
-causes an increase in - CORRECT ANSWER -heart cannot contract forcefully enough during
systole to eject adequate amounts of blood into circulation
preload increases d/t decreased contractility
diastolic HF:
-alteration - CORRECT ANSWER -left ventricle cannot relax enough during diastole
ventricles prevented from filing w/ enough blood
,RSHF:
-causes
-implication - CORRECT ANSWER -LV failure, RV MI, pulmonary hypertension, PE, mitral valve
dysfunction
peripheral edema results
high-output HF:
-occurs when
-example conditions - CORRECT ANSWER -CO is wnl, but increased metabolic needs or
hyperkinetic conditions
sepsis, high fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism
compensatory mechanisms:
-SNS stimulation
-increased afterload issues - CORRECT ANSWER -increasing catecholamines d/t tissue hypoxia
causes increase in HR, and BP d/t vasoconstriction
determines myocardial oxygen requirements>>>LV needs more energy to eject its contents
,compensatory mechanisms:
-activation of RAS d/t
-two major responses (increases)
-angiotensin II contributes to - CORRECT ANSWER -reduced blood flow to the kidneys
vasoconstriction and aldosterone causes sodium/water retention>>>>increased preload and
afterload
ventricular remodeling, which leads to contractile dysfunction over time
compensatory mechanisms:
-immune response
-contributes to - CORRECT ANSWER -TNF and interleukins are released in LSHF
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>ventricular remodeling
compensatory mechanisms:
-BNP
, -mechanism of action - CORRECT ANSWER -released by ventricles when in fluid overload
vasodilation and diuresis thru sodium loss in kidneys
compensatory mechanisms:
-vasopressin - CORRECT ANSWER -posterior pituitary glands secrete...causes vasoconstriction
and fluid retention that worsens condition
myocardial hypertrophy:
-alteration
-issue r/t - CORRECT ANSWER -heart walls thicken to provide more forceful contractions and CO
collateral circulation and heart is o2 deprived
LSHF:
-manifestations d/t decreased CO
-manifestations d/t pulmonary congestion - CORRECT ANSWER -fatigue, weakness, oliguria,
angina, confusion, tachycardia
hacking cough that worsens at night, dyspnea, frothy/pink sputum, S3 gallop
RSHF:
