ARPAS Practice Exam | 100 out of 100 | Questions and Answers | Latest 2025/ 2026 Update | GRADED A (Verified Solutions)

ARPAS Practice Exam | 100 out of 100 | Questions and Answers | Latest 2025/ 2026 Update | GRADED A (Verified Solutions) ….. Question: If the moisture content of a haylage sample is 55%, what is the dry matter content? Answer: 45% DM Question: If alfalfa hay is priced at $250/ton (10% moisture), what is the value of haylage (45% moisture) of equivalent quality? Answer: 100-10=.90 DM 100-45=.55 DM 250/.90*.55= $152.76/ton Question: If corn silage at 60% moisture is worth $60/ton, what is the value of corn silage at 70% moisture? Answer: 100-60=.40 DM 100-70= .30 DM 60/.40*.30= $45.00/ton Question: If haylage at 45% dry matter costs $125.00/ton, what is the value of a similar haylage at 60% DM? Answer: 125.00/.45*.60= $166.66/ton Question: A sample that is tested for digestibility in the laboratory using rumen fluid in a flask or test tube is said to be done: Answer: In Vitro Question: The lint on cottonseeds is pure: Answer: Cellulose Question: What does the term NEFA stand for? Answer: Non Esterfied Fatty Acid Question: A pulsator cycle is the time, in seconds, for a milking pulsator to complete one milk phase and one massage (rest) phase. Answer: True Question: What should be the average weight gain for a heifer to calve at 24 months of age? Answer: 1.8 lb/day Question: The method of calculation for nonfiber carbohydrates is: Answer: 100 - (%NDF + %CP + %fat + % ash) Question: A freemartin heifer is most accurately called a _______ Answer: Chimera Question: PEM is caused by thiamin deficiency in cattle. What does PEM stand for? Answer: Polioencephalomalacia Question: B-vitamins are fat soluble. Answer: False Question: Magnets to collect potentially damaging metal objects should be placed in which stomach compartment? Answer: Reticulem Question: The NRC Nutrient Requirements books, published by the National Academy Press, are developed by subcommittee of the National Research Council. Answer: False Question: Rumen lactic acidosis caused by what? Answer: Too much lactic acid in rumen Question: How many days before calving should a cow be dried off? Answer: 45-60 Question: Chylomicrons are complex packages by which fat soluble substrates that are transported from the intestine to the: Answer: Liver Question: Cows should not lose more than _____ BCS in early lactation. Answer: 1.0 Question: If the normal heat period for cycling heifers is 20 days, what percentage of heifers will be in heat on any one day? Answer: 5% Question: The pulmonary artery carries blood to the lungs from which chamber of the heart? Answer: Right Ventricle Question: Alfalfa hay is high in vitamin D. Answer: True Question: An SPC is run on raw milk to determine bacterial count. What does SPC stand for? Answer: Standard Plate Count Question: An example of a fat source for dairy cows is: Answer: Tallow, Vegetable oil, calcium salts of fatty acids Question: Which of the following carries the codon for proteins to the site of cellular protein synthesis? Answer: mRNA Question: Coccidia are a type of: Answer: Protozoa Question: How many pounds of milk are produced by a cow if her daily production is 35 kg? Answer: 35 kg*2.2lb= 77lbs of milk Question: The portal vein carries blood and absorbed nutrients from the intestine to the... Answer: Liver Question: Heating protein sources increases rumen solubility. Answer: False Question: Bermudagrass is lower in NDF than other forages when harvested at the correct stage of maturity. Answer: False Question: Oxytocin is a hormone that is responsible for milk ejection. Answer: False Question: Which grain has the fastest starch digestibility? Answer: Sorghum Question: Water in milk is measured by an instument called a...... Answer: Cryoscope Question: Ossification is: Answer: The process of cartilage being converted to bone Question: The Body temp of a cow is Answer: 101.0-102.5 Question: An example of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is: Answer: Linoleic acid Question: What is the average length of pregnancy for a Holstein cow? Answer: 280 days Question: The primary function of the omasum is to: Answer: Squeeze water from partially-digested feed Question: The difference between the primary cell wall (ADF) and the total cell wall (NDF) is: Answer: Hemicellulose Question: During the stress of calving, NEFA levels in the blood of cows are... Answer: Higher than normal Question: Heterosis is the percent improvement... Answer: over the average of two parent breeds Question: What is the most common organism that causes mastitis in cows? Answer: Staph aureus Question: Which procedure(s) will help to reduce bacteria and SCC in milk? Answer: Using a strip cup, teat dipping, changing inflations- regularly Question: The heritability of fat yield in dairy cattle is Answer: .25 Question: Rennin is an enzyme that Answer: Coagulates milk in the stomach of newborn calves Question: Mycotoxins can effectively be eliminated from a feedstuff by: Answer: None of the Above Question: A somatic cell score (linear score) is based on a scale of 1 to 9. Each time the SCS increases by 1 (example: from 4 to 5), what happens to the somatic cell count? Answer: Doubles Question: Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are both indicators of urea production by the liver. Answer: True Question: Copper deficiency in cattle can result in: Answer: Loss of hair pigmentation Question: In statistics, "mean" indicates what? Answer: Average Question: BVD organisms are: Answer: Viruses Question: A primary cause of udder edema is: Answer: Increased blood pressure in the udder capillaries, obstruction of lymphatic drainage from the udder, retention of sodium and water in the cells and tissues Question: Parturition means: Answer: Having a calf Question: Rapidly growing Spring pasture can be deficient in: Answer: Magnesium Question: Electrophoresis is: Answer: Separation of serum proteins Question: A technical term for calving difficulty is: Answer: Distocia Question: Rumen bacteria can use vegetable oil and tallow as their source of energy. Answer: False- because its a source of fat Question: The secretion of estrogen by the Sertoli cells is stimulated by what hormone Answer: FSH Question: The milk ejection hormone in lactating cows is: Answer: Oxytocin Question: A somatic cell count of 100,000/ml is equal to a somatic cell score of: Answer: 3 Question: Structural carbohydrates include: Answer: Cellulose Question: What percent of a population is expected to be within one standard deviation of the mean on a bell curve? Answer: 67% Question: What percent of a population is expected to be within two standard deviations of the mean on a bell curve? Answer: 95% Question: Daily milk production in a herd averages 80 lbs. The standard deviation during a trial was found to be 10 lbs. What proportion of the cows was expected to produce 70-90 lbs of milk? Answer: 67% Question: In the previous example, what proportion of the cows would be expected to produce less than 70 lbs of milk? Answer: 17% Question: In the previous example, what proportion of the cows would be expected to produce 60-100 lbs of milk? Answer: 95% Question: The average days open on herd records is affected by Answer: Average days in milk at first breeding Question: Energy corrected milk compares milk production using standard: Answer: Fat and protein content Question: Growth hormone is secreted from the: Answer: Pituitary gland Question: Brucellosis is a disease of cattle that can be transmitted to humans. Answer: True Question: Which mineral is high in citrus pulp? Answer: Calcium Question: Another name for growth hormone in cattle is _________ Answer: Somatropin Question: Nutrients are absorbed from the intestines. Where in the body do nutrients go for processing? Answer: Liver Question: Degrees of brix is a term used to define: Answer: Molasses quality Question: Nitrogen is _____% of CP. Answer: 16% Question: Somatic cell count include Answer: White blood cells, bacteria cells, damaged mammary tissue cells Question: In the NRC Nutrient Requirements for Dairy Cattle, the efficiency of absorption of calcium from concentrates is: Answer: 60% Question: If Rumensin 90 (90 g/lb) is included in a mineral mix, how much Rumensin 90 is needed to feed 300 mg/cow/day? Answer: 300/90,000= .0033 lb Question: What hormone is produced by the structure on the ovary called the corpus luteum (yellow body)? Answer: Progesterone Question: Forages contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids. Answer: True Question: Glycogen is a polysaccharide made up of a glucose chain and it is primarily stored in the: Answer: Liver Question: If the moisture content of corn silage is 65%, what is the dry matter percent? Answer: 35% DM Question: How many hours of supplemental lighting are required to increase milk yield in lactating dairy cows? Answer: 16-18 Question: The percentage of true protein in Holstein milk is Answer: 2.8-3.2 Question: In the rumen, which VFA is normally in the highest concentration? Answer: Acetic Question: The infundibulum is Answer: the funnel shaped end of the oviduct Question: As milk production increases in high producing dairy cows, the percent of milk fat will usually: Answer: Decrease Question: Chloride is an example of a: Answer: Macro mineral Question: A severe deficiency of dietary calcium will result in a lower concentration of calcium in the milk. Answer: False Question: The weight of a bushel of dry soybeans is: Answer: 60lb Question: What percent of free iodine is in the most effective post dips? Answer: 1% Question: High blood NEFA levels can be used to indicate what condition in dairy cows? Answer: Fatty Liver Question: Vacuum level in a milking machine should be _____ inches of mercury. Answer: 12-15 Question: Ringworm is an example of what type of infection? Answer: Fungus Question: Prostaglandin (PGF2a) injections are effective in cycling cows ______ % of the time? Answer: 75% Question: Which anion elements help to reduce pH in the blood? Answer: Chloride, Phosphorus, and sulfur Question: If a sample of alfalfa hay is 24% CP, what is the nitrogen percent of the hay? Answer: .24/6.25= 3.84% Question: Cobalt is a component of: Answer: Vitamin B12 Question: Milk production peaks at 4 to 8 weeks, postpartum. Dry matter intakes peak at: Answer: 10 to 14 wks Question: Parts per million (ppm) is equal to Answer: % x 10,000 Question: Low relative humidity contributes to higher heat stress. Answer: False Question: What mineral is most likely to be deficient in heat stressed cows? Answer: Potassium Question: Urea is the most common source of NPN in dairy rations Answer: True Question: To convert % N in a feedstuff to % crude protein, it is necessary to multiply by _______ . Answer: 6.25 Question: A unit of net energy for lactation (NEl) is expressed with the same efficiency as: Answer: Net energy for maintenance (NEm) Question: Niacin is Answer: a water soluble vitamin Question: Clarifly (.67%) is to be fed at .0015 lb per 100 lbs of body weight for effective fly control. How much Clarifly should be fed per cow per day to a 1,300 lb lactating dairy cow? Answer: 1300/100=13 .0015*13 cwt= .0195lb Question: In the previous example, how much of the Clarifly (.67%) should be included per load, if a herd of 500 cows is fed twice per day? Answer: 0.0195*500/2= 4.875 lbs Question: An effective prevention of bloat for cattle on pasture is to use blocks containing: Answer: Poloxalene Question: Parathyroid hormone elevates the levels of which mineral in the blood? Answer: Calcium Question: The median suspension ligament supports which anatomical structure? Answer: Udder Question: Hydrogen sulfide is the main source of odors from the rumen. Answer: True Question: Fats have ______ as much energy as carbohydrates and proteins. Answer: 2 1/4 Question: Vitamin A is important in preventing Answer: Low Fertility, night blindness, maintenance of epithelial tissues Question: Dry cows should have a body condition score of: Answer: 3.5-4.0 Question: 95% of phosphorus excretion is through: Answer: Feces Question: A gallon of milk weighs: Answer: 8.6 lb Question: To convert kilograms to pounds, it is necessary to multiply by: Answer: 2.2 Question: How much fat is produced per day from a cow that is milking 80 lbs with 3.8% milk fat? Answer: 3.04 Question: A protein:fat inversion in the milk of a cow is an indication of: Answer: Rumen Acidosis Question: The adrenal cortex tissue synthesizes: Answer: Glucocorticoids Question: What is the biggest factor affecting the cheese yield from milk? Answer: The protein content in milk Question: Amino acids are the building blocks for Answer: Proteins Question: A common term for starch hardness in corn is: Answer: Vitreousness Question: A roller mill is used to crimp grains. Answer: False Question: the minerals selenium, manganese, copper, and zinc are essentail as Answer: Antioxidants to protect the body against free radical attack Question: what is the cost per ton of forage treatment if it cost $204 per 40lb bag and the treatment rate is .3 lb/ton Answer: 204/40*.3lb= $1.53 per ton Question: How many canisters do yo need if you have 2,500 tons. Will use a treatment rate of 5 grams per 2000 grams in a canister Answer: 2000/5=400 tons a canister 2500 tons/400 tons a canister = 6.25 canisters or tons silage * treatment rate/grams a canister 2500*5/2000= 6.25 canisters Question: How do you get the cost per head per day on a bag that cost $209.00 that is 50lbs. The treatment/feed rate is 0.04. Answer: $209.00/50lb= 4.18 * 0.04 = 0.16 cents hd/d Question: what is the cost per month is the cost per hd per day is 0.16 cents hd/d Answer: .162 cents * 30 days= 5.016 per hd/d Question: what is the price per ton of High moisture corn if bushel price is 2.56 Answer: $2.56 bushel price/56= 0.046 2000= 91.42 .68 DM% as decimal= $62.17 ? price per ton Question: what is combined fat and protein if cows milk 80 lbs at 4.0 butterfat and 3.5 protein Answer: 80*.040= 3.2 80*.035= 2.8 3.2+2.8=6 lbs combined fat and protein Question: what are the ideal mositures of feeds and forages? Answer: Haylage 62-65% CS- 65-70% Earlage- 28-34% Snaplage- 40% HMC- 32-33% Balage- 40-50%