Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node?
A. 80 to 100 beats per minute
B. 40 to 60 beats per minute
C. 100 to 150 beats per minute
D. 20 to 40 beats per minute
2. Junctional rhythms occur because the electrical impulse comes from the AV node instead
of the:
A. Atrial tissue
B. Ventricles
C. Bundle of His
D. SA node
3. With junctional rhythms, the electrical current is initiated from the:
A. AV junction
B. Bundle of His
C. Atria
D. Ventricles
4. What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms?
A. Electrical impulses are coming from the SA node, causing repolarization
B. Electrical impulses are coming from areas of multiple ectopic foci
C. Electrical impulses are coming from the AV node instead of the SA node, causing
depolarization of the atria to flow retrograde D. Rapid impulses originate in the atrial
tissue
5. The term retrograde means:
A. Immediately
,B. Backward
C. Horizontal
D. Flattened
6. What is unique about premature junctional complexes?
A. They have a changing P wave configuration with at least 3 variations in one lead
B. They have an inverted or absent P wave or a P wave that follows the QRS complex
C. PJCs have an irregular rhythm; the P wave is inverted and may appear before, during, or
after the QRS complex
D. It has a clearly changing P wave and a heart rate of 101 to 150 bpm
7. What symptoms will a patient have if PJCs occur more than four to six times per minute?
A. Hypertension, rapid pulse
B. Chest pain, lung congestion
C. Pale skin, rapid breathing
D. Hypotension, irregular pulse
8. Which of the following is a single early electrical impulse that originates in the
atrioventricular junction, occurring before the next expected sinus impulse and causing an
irregularity in the rhythm?
A. Junctional tachycardia
B. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
C. Premature junctional complex (PJC)
D. Junctional escape rhythm
9. What rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to initiate the electrical activity and one of the
backup pacemaker sites takes over?
A. Escape rhythm
B. Heart block rhythm
C. Ventricular rhythm
D. Normal sinus rhythm
, 10. What is the heart rate for junctional escape rhythm?
A. 100 to 150 beats per minute
B. 40 to 60 beats per minute
C. 20 to 40 beats per minute
D. 60 to 100 beats per minute
11. What is unique about junctional escape rhythm?
A. The P wave may occur before, during, or after the QRS and is inverted
B. The P wave is inverted and may immediately precede or follow the QRS complex
C. The P wave may occur simultaneously with the T wave and may occur before, during, or
after the QRS complex
D. The P waves cannot be identified, there is chaotic electrical activity, and "f" waves may be
seen
12. What symptoms could occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm?
A. Hypertension, alert and oriented
B. Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation
C. Chest pain, lung congestion, and palpitations
D. Hypotension, shortness of breath, and syncope
13. What is the heart rate range for accelerated junctional rhythm?
A. 20 to 40 beats per minute
B. 100 to 150 beats per minute
C. 40 to 60 beats per minute
D. 60 to 100 beats per minute
14. What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional
escape rhythm? A. QRS duration
B. P wave
C. Heart rate
D. All of the above
1. What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node?
A. 80 to 100 beats per minute
B. 40 to 60 beats per minute
C. 100 to 150 beats per minute
D. 20 to 40 beats per minute
2. Junctional rhythms occur because the electrical impulse comes from the AV node instead
of the:
A. Atrial tissue
B. Ventricles
C. Bundle of His
D. SA node
3. With junctional rhythms, the electrical current is initiated from the:
A. AV junction
B. Bundle of His
C. Atria
D. Ventricles
4. What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms?
A. Electrical impulses are coming from the SA node, causing repolarization
B. Electrical impulses are coming from areas of multiple ectopic foci
C. Electrical impulses are coming from the AV node instead of the SA node, causing
depolarization of the atria to flow retrograde D. Rapid impulses originate in the atrial
tissue
5. The term retrograde means:
A. Immediately
,B. Backward
C. Horizontal
D. Flattened
6. What is unique about premature junctional complexes?
A. They have a changing P wave configuration with at least 3 variations in one lead
B. They have an inverted or absent P wave or a P wave that follows the QRS complex
C. PJCs have an irregular rhythm; the P wave is inverted and may appear before, during, or
after the QRS complex
D. It has a clearly changing P wave and a heart rate of 101 to 150 bpm
7. What symptoms will a patient have if PJCs occur more than four to six times per minute?
A. Hypertension, rapid pulse
B. Chest pain, lung congestion
C. Pale skin, rapid breathing
D. Hypotension, irregular pulse
8. Which of the following is a single early electrical impulse that originates in the
atrioventricular junction, occurring before the next expected sinus impulse and causing an
irregularity in the rhythm?
A. Junctional tachycardia
B. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
C. Premature junctional complex (PJC)
D. Junctional escape rhythm
9. What rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to initiate the electrical activity and one of the
backup pacemaker sites takes over?
A. Escape rhythm
B. Heart block rhythm
C. Ventricular rhythm
D. Normal sinus rhythm
, 10. What is the heart rate for junctional escape rhythm?
A. 100 to 150 beats per minute
B. 40 to 60 beats per minute
C. 20 to 40 beats per minute
D. 60 to 100 beats per minute
11. What is unique about junctional escape rhythm?
A. The P wave may occur before, during, or after the QRS and is inverted
B. The P wave is inverted and may immediately precede or follow the QRS complex
C. The P wave may occur simultaneously with the T wave and may occur before, during, or
after the QRS complex
D. The P waves cannot be identified, there is chaotic electrical activity, and "f" waves may be
seen
12. What symptoms could occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm?
A. Hypertension, alert and oriented
B. Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation
C. Chest pain, lung congestion, and palpitations
D. Hypotension, shortness of breath, and syncope
13. What is the heart rate range for accelerated junctional rhythm?
A. 20 to 40 beats per minute
B. 100 to 150 beats per minute
C. 40 to 60 beats per minute
D. 60 to 100 beats per minute
14. What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional
escape rhythm? A. QRS duration
B. P wave
C. Heart rate
D. All of the above
