TEST BANK FORfr fr
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
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Chapter 1-27
fr
,Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
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MULTIPLE CHOICE fr
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B f r
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. fr
ANS: C f r
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried pow
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. recognize self from nonself. fr fr fr
b. defend the body against nonself. fr fr fr fr
c. amplify specific functions. fr fr
d. Both A and B. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body agains
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
t nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific effe
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ctor mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the im
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
mune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble fac
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
tors (e.g., complement).
fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
fr fr fr fr fr
a. natural resistance. fr
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. fr fr fr fr
, c. an autoimmune disorder. fr fr
d. recovery from infectious disease. fr fr fr
ANS: C f r
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired resi
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
stance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause many
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr f
disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a transplanted or
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gan, or an autoimmune disorder.
fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with th
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
e distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation amo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ng different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of lymphocyt
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
es in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate mobility. In
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can replicate. Coo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
peration is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular elements,
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. immediate hours after conception fr fr fr
b. second month of gestation. fr fr fr
c. second trimester of gestation. fr fr fr
d. periods of severe anemia in children. fr fr fr fr fr
ANS: A f r
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the embryo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.fr fr fr fr
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.fr fr fr fr
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. fr fr fr fr
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac. fr fr fr fr
ANS: A f r
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of t
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
he yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver become
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
s the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial appe
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
arance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the fourth m
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
onth of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. to reduce inflammation. fr fr
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
fr fr fr fr fr fr
c. antigen recognition. fr
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D f r
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal sys
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
tem, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury and c
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
an be found in the initial exudate in less than 1 hour. Monocytes are slower in moving to the infl
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ammatory site. Macrophages resident in the tissues of the body are already in place to deal with
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
an intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tissues can be relea
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
sed in severe infections.
fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes (e.g., lysozyme, fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
myeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating blood is associated
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
with:
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba fr
c. allergic reactions fr
d. bacteria
ANS: C f r
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
Chapter 1-27
fr
,Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
MULTIPLE CHOICE fr
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B f r
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. fr
ANS: C f r
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried pow
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. recognize self from nonself. fr fr fr
b. defend the body against nonself. fr fr fr fr
c. amplify specific functions. fr fr
d. Both A and B. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body agains
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
t nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific effe
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ctor mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the im
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
mune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble fac
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
tors (e.g., complement).
fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
fr fr fr fr fr
a. natural resistance. fr
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. fr fr fr fr
, c. an autoimmune disorder. fr fr
d. recovery from infectious disease. fr fr fr
ANS: C f r
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired resi
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
stance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause many
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr f
disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a transplanted or
r fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
gan, or an autoimmune disorder.
fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with th
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
e distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation amo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ng different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of lymphocyt
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
es in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate mobility. In
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can replicate. Coo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
peration is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular elements,
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. immediate hours after conception fr fr fr
b. second month of gestation. fr fr fr
c. second trimester of gestation. fr fr fr
d. periods of severe anemia in children. fr fr fr fr fr
ANS: A f r
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the embryo
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.fr fr fr fr
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.fr fr fr fr
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. fr fr fr fr
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac. fr fr fr fr
ANS: A f r
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of t
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
he yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver become
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
s the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial appe
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
arance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the fourth m
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
onth of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. to reduce inflammation. fr fr
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
fr fr fr fr fr fr
c. antigen recognition. fr
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D f r
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal sys
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
tem, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury and c
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
an be found in the initial exudate in less than 1 hour. Monocytes are slower in moving to the infl
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
ammatory site. Macrophages resident in the tissues of the body are already in place to deal with
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
an intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tissues can be relea
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
sed in severe infections.
fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: II fr fr
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. fr fr fr
ANS: D f r
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes (e.g., lysozyme, fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
myeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases fr fr fr fr fr fr
DIF: Cognitive Level: I fr fr
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating blood is associated
fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr
with:
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba fr
c. allergic reactions fr
d. bacteria
ANS: C f r
