HSS 2104 Human Activity Occupation and Health exam 2025

Occupations - -are groups of activities and tasks of everyday life, named, organized, and given value and meaning by individuals and a culture. Occupations include everything that people do to occupy themselves, including looking after themselves (self-care), enjoying life (leisure), and contributing to the social and economic fabric of their communities. Determinants of Health - -Income & income distribution Education Unemployment & job security Employment & working conditions Early childhood development Personal health practices & coping skills Food insecurity Biology & genetic endowment Physical environment Access to health services Aboriginal status Social safety net Social exclusion Gender Race Disability Occupational performance - -is the dynamic relationship between the person, the environment and the occupation Intrinsic Factors of the PEOP Model - -Physiological Cognitive Spiritual Neurobehavioral Psychological Extrinsic Factors of the PEOP Model - -Social Support Social and Economic Systems Culture and Values Built Environment and Technology. Natural Environment HSS 2104 HSS 2104 Self-Determination Theory (SDT) - -We have innate psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness Types of motivation (quality): - -Autonomous (inside) Controlled (outside) Type of regulation - -Extrinsic, Intrinsic or Amotivation Autonomy - -Behavior in accordance with personal values and interests; actions would be reflectively self-endorsed Competence - -Sense of being effective and competent in a given context Relatedness - -Feeling cared for, connected to, sense of belonging with others Autonomous Causality Orientation - -choice- all 3 needs met (optimal functioning & well being) Controlled Causality Orientation - -pressured -competence & relatedness, but not autonomy (rigidness, diminished well-being) Impersonal Causality Orientation - -none of the 3 (poor functioning & reduced vitality) Conditions that Undermine Intrinsic Motivation - -Reward, Deadlines, Threats Pressuring Context Surveillance Ego Involvement Too Easy / Too Difficult Negative Feedback Cold, Inattentive Rejecting Conditions that Enhance Intrinsic Motivation - -Choice Autonomy-Supportive Contexts Acknowledge Feelings Task Involvement Optimal Challenge Positive Feedback Interested, Attentive Accepting Three Ways to Foster Internalization - -Autonomy Support Competence Support HSS 2104 HSS 2104 Relatedness PAC (Physical Activity Counsellor) 7 A's Model - -Address the Agenda Ask Advise Assess/Agree Assess Assist Arrange Motivation - -what moves people to act, think and develop Three things people need to feel acc to SDT - -Competent Autonomous Relatedness Intrinsic Motivation - -involves doing a behaviour because the activity itself is interesting and spontaneously satisfying Effects of extrinsic motivation in intrinsic motivation - -Extrinsic rewards decrease intrinsic motivation across a range of things Positive performance feedback and intrinsic motivation - -PPF has been found in some instances to enhance intrinsic motivation rather than undermine it Informational Events - -Events that convey competence w/o being controlling Amotivation - -Little intrinsic or extrinsic motivation Difference between Autonomy and Indepence - -Autonomy means to act volitionally, with a sense of choice, whereas independence means to function alone and not rely on others. Three types of internalization - -Introjection Identification Integration Introjection - -least effective It involves people taking in an external contingency, demand, or regulation but not accepting it as their own. Instead, it remains somewhat alien to them and tends to control them much as it did when it was still external. In a sense, introjection represents only a partial internalization, for people take in a control w/o feeling a sense of ownership of it and allow it to pressure and control them. HSS 2104 HSS 2104 Identification - -involves people accepting the importance of the behaviour for themselves and thus accepting it as their own. They identify with the value of the activity and willingly accept responsibility for regulating the behaviour Integration - -people have succeeded at integrating an identification with other aspects of their true or integrated self. Forms of controlled motivation - -external and introjected regulations Forms of Autonomous Motivation - -Identified/Integrated and intrinsic regulation Extrinsic Goals - -Focused on external indicators of Worth eg) amassing wealth, becoming famous, projecting an attractive image Intrinsic Goals - -More directly linked to satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and eg) personal growth, building relationships, and being generative for the community Autonomy Support - -When people's autonomy is supported, they often feel free to follow their interests and consider the relevance and importance for themselves of social norms, values and mores. Functions of the PEO model - -It provides therapists with a practical analytical tool to 1) assist therapists to analyze problems in occupational performa