WGU Biochemistry OA Exam A+ Pass
2025 New Update
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) - Answer ✔✔- C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure - Answer ✔✔- Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure - Answer ✔✔- Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure - Answer ✔✔- -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure - Answer ✔✔- Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction - Answer ✔✔- -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat & light)
Example of exothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Cellular respiration- breaks down
glucose to make cellular energy
Endothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Photosynthesis- takes in light to break
down to create glucose
Catalyst - Answer ✔✔- Substance that will decrease the activation energy needed to
start a chemical reaction
Enzymes - Answer ✔✔- -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
, Enzyme structure - Answer ✔✔- -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate - Answer ✔✔- Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site - Answer ✔✔- -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. - Answer ✔✔- -increase expression
-2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule - Answer ✔✔- Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its cell
membrane as it adapts to lower temperatures? - Answer ✔✔- Produce lipids with
shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol - Answer ✔✔- Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins - Answer ✔✔- A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? - Answer ✔✔- An increase in NAD+
concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs and high
levels of fats? - Answer ✔✔- Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids - Answer ✔✔- -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the
chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? - Answer ✔✔-
Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) - Answer ✔✔- A recessive genetic disease that occurs
when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are
nonfunctional
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the general
population? - Answer ✔✔- The mutation of all other genes is higher due to failure to
repair.
2025 New Update
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) - Answer ✔✔- C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure - Answer ✔✔- Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure - Answer ✔✔- Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure - Answer ✔✔- -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure - Answer ✔✔- Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction - Answer ✔✔- -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat & light)
Example of exothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Cellular respiration- breaks down
glucose to make cellular energy
Endothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction - Answer ✔✔- Photosynthesis- takes in light to break
down to create glucose
Catalyst - Answer ✔✔- Substance that will decrease the activation energy needed to
start a chemical reaction
Enzymes - Answer ✔✔- -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
, Enzyme structure - Answer ✔✔- -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate - Answer ✔✔- Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site - Answer ✔✔- -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. - Answer ✔✔- -increase expression
-2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule - Answer ✔✔- Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its cell
membrane as it adapts to lower temperatures? - Answer ✔✔- Produce lipids with
shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol - Answer ✔✔- Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins - Answer ✔✔- A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? - Answer ✔✔- An increase in NAD+
concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs and high
levels of fats? - Answer ✔✔- Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids - Answer ✔✔- -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the
chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? - Answer ✔✔-
Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) - Answer ✔✔- A recessive genetic disease that occurs
when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are
nonfunctional
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the general
population? - Answer ✔✔- The mutation of all other genes is higher due to failure to
repair.
