HESI Pharmacology Exam Q&A with
complete solution.
Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client
experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to
the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved?
A. Client states chest pain is relieved
B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90
C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90
D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓
✓A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial oxygen consumption which
decreases ischemia and reduces chest pain
A client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription for niacin (niaspan).
which client teaching is most important for the nurse to provide
a. expected duration of flushing
b. symptoms of hyperglycemia
c. diets that minimize gi irritation
d. comfort measure for pruritis ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓A. flushing of
the face and neck, lasting up to an hour, is a frequent reason for
discontinuing niacin. inclusion of this effect in clietn teaching may promote
compliance in taking the med.
When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen
(tylonel), it is most important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area
of the body
,a. flank
b. abdomen
c. chest
d. head ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓B. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in
liver damage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to assess for
pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might indicated
liver damage)
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of
acute myocardial infarction. which medication prescription decreases both
preload and afterload
a. nitroglycerin
b. propranolol
c. propranolol
d. captopril ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓A. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that
causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases contractility, thereby
decreasing both preload and afterload
A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU).
The nurse knows that the action of this drug is to
A. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in
the blood
B. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the
blood
C. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by
the thyroid
,D. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓D. PTU is an adjunct therapy used to control
hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production of thyroid hormones. It is often
prescribed in prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy
Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the
angiotensin II receptor antagonist has been achieved
A. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1
B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dl
C. PUlse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/min
D. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80 ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓
✓D. angiotensin II receptor antagonist (blocker), prescribed from
treatment of HTN. The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure.
Which instructions should the nurse give to a female client who just
recieved a prescription for oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of
trichomonas vaginalis (select all that apply)
A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice
B. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use
C. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension
D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication
E. Use condoms until treatment is completed
F. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓ADEF
, The nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone)
for a client who receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
Which action should the nurse implement
A. verify both prescriptions with the HCP
B. report the med interactions to the nurse manager
C. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription
D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓A. the concomitant use of an ACE inhibitor and a
potassium-sparing diuretic sucha s spironolactone, should be given with
caution b/c the two drugs may interact to cause an elevation in serum
potassium levels.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid
hormone synthesis in adults. The nurse knows that which medication
should be contraindicated for this client?
A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodine
B. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief of fluid retention
C. Pentobarbital sodium for sleep
D. nitroglycerin for angina pain ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓C. persons
with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive to narcotics, barbiturates,
and anesthetics. They do not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive
iodine replacement therapy. These clients are also suceptable to heart
problems such as angina for which nitroglycerine would be indicated and
and congestive heart failure for which furosemide would be indicated
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal
saline at 50ml/hour. The nurse noes that the client's urinary output has
complete solution.
Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client
experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to
the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved?
A. Client states chest pain is relieved
B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90
C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90
D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓
✓A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial oxygen consumption which
decreases ischemia and reduces chest pain
A client with hyperlipidemia recieves a prescription for niacin (niaspan).
which client teaching is most important for the nurse to provide
a. expected duration of flushing
b. symptoms of hyperglycemia
c. diets that minimize gi irritation
d. comfort measure for pruritis ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓A. flushing of
the face and neck, lasting up to an hour, is a frequent reason for
discontinuing niacin. inclusion of this effect in clietn teaching may promote
compliance in taking the med.
When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen
(tylonel), it is most important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area
of the body
,a. flank
b. abdomen
c. chest
d. head ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓B. acetaminophen toxicisty an result in
liver damage; therefore, it is especially important for the nurse to assess for
pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (which might indicated
liver damage)
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical diagnosis of
acute myocardial infarction. which medication prescription decreases both
preload and afterload
a. nitroglycerin
b. propranolol
c. propranolol
d. captopril ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓A. nitroglycerin is a nitrate that
causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases contractility, thereby
decreasing both preload and afterload
A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU).
The nurse knows that the action of this drug is to
A. decrease the amount of the thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in
the blood
B. increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the
blood
C. increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by
the thyroid
,D. inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓D. PTU is an adjunct therapy used to control
hyperthyroidism by inhibiting production of thyroid hormones. It is often
prescribed in prep for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy
Which change in data indicates to the nurse the desired effect of the
angiotensin II receptor antagonist has been achieved
A. Dependent edema reduced form +3 to +1
B. Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55mg/dl
C. PUlse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/min
D. Blood pressure reducedf rom 160/90 to 130.80 ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓
✓D. angiotensin II receptor antagonist (blocker), prescribed from
treatment of HTN. The desired effect is a decrease in blood pressure.
Which instructions should the nurse give to a female client who just
recieved a prescription for oral metronidazole (flagyl) for treatment of
trichomonas vaginalis (select all that apply)
A. increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice
B. Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use
C. Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension
D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication
E. Use condoms until treatment is completed
F. Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓ADEF
, The nurse is transcribing a new prescription for spironolactone (aldactone)
for a client who receives an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
Which action should the nurse implement
A. verify both prescriptions with the HCP
B. report the med interactions to the nurse manager
C. hold the ACE inhibitor and give the new prescription
D. Transcribe and send the prescription to the pharmacy ~CORRECT
ANSWER~✓✓A. the concomitant use of an ACE inhibitor and a
potassium-sparing diuretic sucha s spironolactone, should be given with
caution b/c the two drugs may interact to cause an elevation in serum
potassium levels.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of thyroid
hormone synthesis in adults. The nurse knows that which medication
should be contraindicated for this client?
A. liothyronine (cytomel) to replace iodine
B. Furosemide (Lasix) for relief of fluid retention
C. Pentobarbital sodium for sleep
D. nitroglycerin for angina pain ~CORRECT ANSWER~✓✓C. persons
with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive to narcotics, barbiturates,
and anesthetics. They do not tolerate liothyronine and usually receive
iodine replacement therapy. These clients are also suceptable to heart
problems such as angina for which nitroglycerine would be indicated and
and congestive heart failure for which furosemide would be indicated
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of normal
saline at 50ml/hour. The nurse noes that the client's urinary output has
