1
nur 163 exam 2 Questions and Correct
Answers
Question: what happens to lean muscle in elderly?
Answer: fat replaces lean muscle, which leads to decrease in total body
fluid
Question: what happens to kidneys as we age?
Answer: - less able to concentrate urine which leads to fluid loss
- diminished sense of thirst
Question: why do elderly lose fluid?
Answer: - decreased thirst = less intake
- loss of taste = more salt = fluid imbalance
- incontinence = limiting intake
Question: what regulates thirst and intake?
Answer: hypothalamus
Question: sensible fluid loss
Answer: body fluid loss that can be measured, such as urine output,
feces, vomit
Question: Insensible fluid loss
Answer: fluid loss that cannot be measured (sweating)
Question: who is most at risk for dehydration?
Answer: infants and elderly
Question: consequences of overhydration
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Answer: Cells burst, bladder infection
Question: nursing interventions for fluid volume deficit?
Answer: - provide fluids
- monitor i&o's
- monitor vitals
- ng tube
- antiemetic
- labs
- oral care
- safety
Question: nursing interventions for fluid excess
Answer: - limit intake
- cath if urine retention
- monitor vitals
- labs
- diuretics
- edema/turgor
Question: what is calcium regulated by?
Answer: parathyroid and calcitonin
Question: what kind of balance exists with electrolytes?
Answer: a anion must be present for cation
Question: sodium
Answer: most abundant, regulates body fluid volume, contracts muscles,
acid base balance, bp, bv
Question: normal sodium level
Answer: 135-145
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 3
Question: potassium
Answer: intracellular, regulates water and electrolytes, promotes nerve
impulse and skeletal function, helps HEART
Question: potassium levels
Answer: 3.5-5
Question: chloride normal levels
Answer: 96-106
Question: calcium
Answer: bones and teeth, muscle contraction, blood clotting.
given with vit d
Question: calcium normal levels
Answer: 8.5-10.5
Question: what is calcium contraindicated for?
Answer: coumadin
Question: what is the relationship between calcium and phosphorus?
Answer: opposites, hypercalcemia = hypophosphatemia
Question: phosphorus
Answer: present in every cell, bones and teeth.
Question: phosphorus normal levels
Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Question: magnesium
Answer: 4th most abundant mineral
Pretest - Stuvia US
nur 163 exam 2 Questions and Correct
Answers
Question: what happens to lean muscle in elderly?
Answer: fat replaces lean muscle, which leads to decrease in total body
fluid
Question: what happens to kidneys as we age?
Answer: - less able to concentrate urine which leads to fluid loss
- diminished sense of thirst
Question: why do elderly lose fluid?
Answer: - decreased thirst = less intake
- loss of taste = more salt = fluid imbalance
- incontinence = limiting intake
Question: what regulates thirst and intake?
Answer: hypothalamus
Question: sensible fluid loss
Answer: body fluid loss that can be measured, such as urine output,
feces, vomit
Question: Insensible fluid loss
Answer: fluid loss that cannot be measured (sweating)
Question: who is most at risk for dehydration?
Answer: infants and elderly
Question: consequences of overhydration
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Answer: Cells burst, bladder infection
Question: nursing interventions for fluid volume deficit?
Answer: - provide fluids
- monitor i&o's
- monitor vitals
- ng tube
- antiemetic
- labs
- oral care
- safety
Question: nursing interventions for fluid excess
Answer: - limit intake
- cath if urine retention
- monitor vitals
- labs
- diuretics
- edema/turgor
Question: what is calcium regulated by?
Answer: parathyroid and calcitonin
Question: what kind of balance exists with electrolytes?
Answer: a anion must be present for cation
Question: sodium
Answer: most abundant, regulates body fluid volume, contracts muscles,
acid base balance, bp, bv
Question: normal sodium level
Answer: 135-145
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 3
Question: potassium
Answer: intracellular, regulates water and electrolytes, promotes nerve
impulse and skeletal function, helps HEART
Question: potassium levels
Answer: 3.5-5
Question: chloride normal levels
Answer: 96-106
Question: calcium
Answer: bones and teeth, muscle contraction, blood clotting.
given with vit d
Question: calcium normal levels
Answer: 8.5-10.5
Question: what is calcium contraindicated for?
Answer: coumadin
Question: what is the relationship between calcium and phosphorus?
Answer: opposites, hypercalcemia = hypophosphatemia
Question: phosphorus
Answer: present in every cell, bones and teeth.
Question: phosphorus normal levels
Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Question: magnesium
Answer: 4th most abundant mineral
Pretest - Stuvia US
