CCHS CELLS LATEST EXAMS 2025
proteins - ANSWER-macromolecule that includes enzymes
amino acids - ANSWER-building blocks of proteins
peptide bonds - ANSWER-bond between amino acids
activation energy - ANSWER-Energy needed to get a reaction started
catalyst - ANSWER-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
enzyme - ANSWER-protein that acts as a biological catalyst
carbohydrate - ANSWER-compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major
source of energy for the human body
lipids - ANSWER-Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
nucleic acids - ANSWER-DNA and RNA
prokaryote - ANSWER-A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
eukaryote - ANSWER-A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
cell membrane - ANSWER-the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
cytoplasm - ANSWER-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
mitochondria - ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
Ribosomes - ANSWER-a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein
synthesis
golgi apparatus - ANSWER-A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for
export by the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which
proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
, lysosome - ANSWER-An organelle containing digestive enzymes
Vacuole - ANSWER-A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
Chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that
captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
cell wall - ANSWER-A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and
some other organisms.
nucleolus - ANSWER-Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
active transport - ANSWER-the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
passive transport - ANSWER-the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the
use of energy by the cell
osmosis - ANSWER-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
hypertonic solution - ANSWER-Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses
water
hypotonic solution - ANSWER-Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains
water
isotonic solution - ANSWER-a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute
concentration inside a cell
facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through
protein channels
mitosis - ANSWER-part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
cell cycle - ANSWER-series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
interphase - ANSWER-Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division;
consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
prophase - ANSWER-first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become
visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
metaphase - ANSWER-second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across
the center of the cell
proteins - ANSWER-macromolecule that includes enzymes
amino acids - ANSWER-building blocks of proteins
peptide bonds - ANSWER-bond between amino acids
activation energy - ANSWER-Energy needed to get a reaction started
catalyst - ANSWER-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
enzyme - ANSWER-protein that acts as a biological catalyst
carbohydrate - ANSWER-compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major
source of energy for the human body
lipids - ANSWER-Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
nucleic acids - ANSWER-DNA and RNA
prokaryote - ANSWER-A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
eukaryote - ANSWER-A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
cell membrane - ANSWER-the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
cytoplasm - ANSWER-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
mitochondria - ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
Ribosomes - ANSWER-a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein
synthesis
golgi apparatus - ANSWER-A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for
export by the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which
proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
, lysosome - ANSWER-An organelle containing digestive enzymes
Vacuole - ANSWER-A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
Chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that
captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
cell wall - ANSWER-A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and
some other organisms.
nucleolus - ANSWER-Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
active transport - ANSWER-the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
passive transport - ANSWER-the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the
use of energy by the cell
osmosis - ANSWER-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
hypertonic solution - ANSWER-Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses
water
hypotonic solution - ANSWER-Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains
water
isotonic solution - ANSWER-a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute
concentration inside a cell
facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through
protein channels
mitosis - ANSWER-part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
cell cycle - ANSWER-series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
interphase - ANSWER-Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division;
consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
prophase - ANSWER-first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become
visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
metaphase - ANSWER-second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across
the center of the cell
