M&A -NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To coordinate all of the body's activities.
What is a neuron? What is its job?
basic element of the nervous system or nerve cell. Its job is To transmit a message from one cell
to the next.
Define Dendrite
conduct impulses toward the cell. A nerve cell may have several dendrites.
Define Axon
conduct impulses away the cell. Only one Axon, in each nerve cell.
Define Myelin Sheath
many axons are covered by a fatty tissue. This protects the axon and speeds up the impulse as it
travels.
Define Synapse
the space between dendrite and an atom is synaps.
Define Neurotransmitters
Special chemicals that help impulses "Jump" the synapse to pass the message from cell to cell.
what are afferent, efferent, and associative neurons?
Afferent: Called sensory neurons. They carry messages from all parts of the body to the
brain/spinal cord.
Efferent: called motor neurons, they carry messages from the brain/spinal cord to
muscles/glands.
Associatives: called inter-neurons they carry messages from afferent neurons to efferent neurons.
, what are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The two main divisions are the central and peripheral nervous system.
CNS: brain/spinal cord.
PHS: consists of nerves that reach all parts of the body. It has a special division called autonomic
nervous system, which controls the involuntary, or autonomic activities of the vital organs.
how is the cerebrum separated and what is its function?
its separated into four lobes: Frontal, Parietal, temporal, and occupital. Its function is to control
and direct body functions and reasoning, the senses, speech, and voluntary body movement.
How is the diencephalon separated and what is its function of each part?
In 2 parts: Thalamus: directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum
Hypothalamus: Controls the autonomic nervous system, body temp., appetite, water balance,
sleep, and blood vessel constriction and dilation. It plays a role in emotions like anger, fear,
pleasure, pain, and affection.
what is the function of the cerebellum?
responsible for coordination of muscle movements, balance and posture, and muscle tone.
how is the brain stem separated and what is its function of each part?
Into 3 parts:
Midbrain: conducts impulses between the brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes.
Pon: directs messages to other parts of the brain and for chewing, tasting, and saliva production.
Helps with respiration.
Medulla Oblongata: connects with spinal cord and regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing,
coughing, and blood pressure.
List the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord from the innermost to the
outermost layer:
Pia mater: Innermost
Arachroid
Dura Mater: outer layer
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To coordinate all of the body's activities.
What is a neuron? What is its job?
basic element of the nervous system or nerve cell. Its job is To transmit a message from one cell
to the next.
Define Dendrite
conduct impulses toward the cell. A nerve cell may have several dendrites.
Define Axon
conduct impulses away the cell. Only one Axon, in each nerve cell.
Define Myelin Sheath
many axons are covered by a fatty tissue. This protects the axon and speeds up the impulse as it
travels.
Define Synapse
the space between dendrite and an atom is synaps.
Define Neurotransmitters
Special chemicals that help impulses "Jump" the synapse to pass the message from cell to cell.
what are afferent, efferent, and associative neurons?
Afferent: Called sensory neurons. They carry messages from all parts of the body to the
brain/spinal cord.
Efferent: called motor neurons, they carry messages from the brain/spinal cord to
muscles/glands.
Associatives: called inter-neurons they carry messages from afferent neurons to efferent neurons.
, what are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The two main divisions are the central and peripheral nervous system.
CNS: brain/spinal cord.
PHS: consists of nerves that reach all parts of the body. It has a special division called autonomic
nervous system, which controls the involuntary, or autonomic activities of the vital organs.
how is the cerebrum separated and what is its function?
its separated into four lobes: Frontal, Parietal, temporal, and occupital. Its function is to control
and direct body functions and reasoning, the senses, speech, and voluntary body movement.
How is the diencephalon separated and what is its function of each part?
In 2 parts: Thalamus: directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum
Hypothalamus: Controls the autonomic nervous system, body temp., appetite, water balance,
sleep, and blood vessel constriction and dilation. It plays a role in emotions like anger, fear,
pleasure, pain, and affection.
what is the function of the cerebellum?
responsible for coordination of muscle movements, balance and posture, and muscle tone.
how is the brain stem separated and what is its function of each part?
Into 3 parts:
Midbrain: conducts impulses between the brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes.
Pon: directs messages to other parts of the brain and for chewing, tasting, and saliva production.
Helps with respiration.
Medulla Oblongata: connects with spinal cord and regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing,
coughing, and blood pressure.
List the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord from the innermost to the
outermost layer:
Pia mater: Innermost
Arachroid
Dura Mater: outer layer
