RPSGT Study Guide Latest Updated
The thalmus - ANS-What part of the brain generates EEG waveforms?
Pyramidal cells - ANS-What cells do we collect electrical activity data from
-60 to -80 uv - ANS-What is the resting potential for pyramidial cells
something that stores and electrical charge - ANS-What is a capacitor
Analog to digital converter - ANS-What is an A to D converter
processes relatively constant or slowly fluctuating voltage
i.e: oximetry - ANS-What does the DC amplifier do
processes relatively fast signal frequency
i.e: EEG, EOG, ECG - ANS-What does the AC amplifier do
AC amplifier
*also called the differential amplifier - ANS-What amplifier precesses common mode
rejection
input 1 - ANS-What electrode is ALWAYS your exploring electrode
M1 & M2 - ANS-Input 2 is used as your reference electrode, what electrodes are
referred to as your reference electrode?
F3,F4,C3,C4,O1,O1 - ANS-What electrodes are considered exploring electrodes
5 k ohms - ANS-What k ohms is a desired impedence level
common frequencey is rejected and only the different frequencies are displayed - ANS-
how does common mode rejection work
-23uv - ANS-Input voltage from C4 is at 53 uv. The input voltage of M1 is 76 uv, what is
the output voltage
The tracing will spike up - ANS-When a patient looks down, what will the tracing show
An upward spike - ANS-When the patient looks left what direction will the tracing be
,The faster the sampling rate the more accurate the tracing - ANS-What is the general
rule for the sampling rate
70 Hz - ANS-What is the HFF set at for seizure activity
1600x1200 - ANS-The video card is set at what resolution
12 bits per sample minimum resolution of 4096 data points determined by ADC - ANS-
What are the digital resolution settings
The sampling rate must be at least TWICE AS FAST AS THE FASTEST FREQUENCY
that will be recorded - ANS-What is the nyquist principle
EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG - ANS-What electrodes have a 500 Hz sampling rate
Airflow, nasal pressure, EtCO2, PAP, esophageal pressure, rib cage, abdominal
movement - ANS-What electrodes have a sampling rate of 100 Hz
V = voltage, S = sensitivity, D = deflection - ANS-What are the labels used for voltage,
sensitivity and deflection
It will make your waveform larger - ANS-What will happen to your waveform if you
decrese the sensitivity
It will make your wave larger - ANS-What will happen to your brain wave tracing if you
increase the gain
less than 5 k ohms - ANS-What is considered ideal impedence for all leads
less than 10 k ohms - ANS-What is acceptable impedance for EMG leads
LFF = less than 0.1 Hz, HFF = greater than 100 Hz - ANS-What is the bandpass for the
amplifier filters
EEG = 0.3 Hz, EOG = 0.3 Hz, EMG = 10 Hz, Snore = 10 Hz, Resp = 0.1 Hz, ECG = 0.3
Hz - ANS-What are the LFF settings for each electrode
EEG = 35 Hz, EOG = 35 Hz, EMG = 100 Hz, Snore = 100 Hz, ECG = 70 Hz, Resp = 15
Hz - ANS-What is the HFF setting for each electrode
reduce the amplitude - ANS-What does it mean when you want to attenuate the
amplitude
HFF = high pass filter, LFF = low pass filter - ANS-What are other names for HFF and
LFF
,attenuate the amplitude - ANS-What effect will a HFF set at 35 Hz have on a 50 Hz sine
wave
The time it takes in seconds for a waveform to drop 37% of it's calculated amplitude -
ANS-How is time constant defined
*REM suppressor, increase sleep spindles, increase slow wave sleep, decrease WASO
- ANS-What do barbituates do besides increase TST
total wake epochs divided by 2 - ANS-** How do you figure TWT
Awake = 8-13 Hz, Asleep = 7-10 Hz - ANS-When a person is awake what is the Hz
measurement of the alpha wave? Asleep?
N3 = the deepest stage of sleep - ANS-Parasomnias usually occur in what stage of
sleep
esophageal manometry - ANS-What is the best way to measure airway resistance
# of epochs of sleep stage / 2 = # of min in sleep stage
# of min / TST x 100 = % time in sleep stage - ANS-** How do you figure sleep stage %
barbituates, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepines - ANS-hypnotics decrese sleep
latency, but what classes of drugs are considered hypnotics
a minimum desaturation of 3%
*medicare requires a desat of 4% - ANS-How is hypopnea determined
pressure transducer - ANS-The best way to measure a hypopnea is:
**low bp when standing, abnormal breathing during sleep, disrupted REM, decreased
REM - ANS-With shy-drager syndrome, what are some of the symptoms seen?
corneal retinal potential - ANS-What is the cause of eye movement aritfact
sleep latency less than 5 min, 2 or more sleep onset REM periods - ANS-In a
narcoleptic patient, what will you see on the MSLT
patients less than 18 yrs old, patients with unhealthy mouths - ANS-What are the
contraindications for oral appliances
sleep anxiety, insomnia, to help treat PLM's - ANS-What are the indications for a person
taking benzodiazepines
*increased spindle activity, *increased N1 and N2, increased REM latency, decreased
REM - ANS-What effects on sleep will benzodiazepines have
, decreased REM latency - ANS-What can acute alcohol withdrawl lead to
greater than 0.5 ohms - ANS-How many ohms should the resistance measure from
chasis to ground
direct contact = 100 micro amps, indirect contact = 300 micro amps - ANS-What is the
maximum leakage of amps for equipment in direct contact with the patient, and not in
direct contact with the patient
an isolator transformer - ANS-What does electrical equipment need to be plugged into
lights on eoch - lights out epoch / 2 - ANS-*How do you figure TST
(# of events / TST)x60 - ANS-**How do you figure events index
EDS, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis - ANS-What are the 4 key
symptoms of narcolepsy
Delta - less than 4 Hz
Theta - 4 to 7 Hz
Alpha - 8 to 13 Hz
Beta - less than 13 Hz
spindles - 11 to 16 Hz - ANS-What is the frequency of each wave
first 1/3 of the night - ANS-What part of the night is typical for confusion arousals
less than 5 k ohms - ANS-What is considered ideal impedence levels
0 to 1 volt signal to DC amplifier - ANS-What is the DC output variable for oximetry
sleep onset - lights out epoch/2 - ANS-*How do you figure sleep latency
insomnia, sleep related breathing, hypersomna of central origin, circadian rhythm sleep
disorder, parasomnia, sleep related movement disorder - ANS-What are the
classiccations of sleep disorders
fatigue or malaise, attention, concentration or memory impairment, social
work/dysfunction, moodiness, daytime sleepiness, lack of motivation, GI upset,
concerns or worries about sleep - ANS-What is the general criteria for insomnia
Pavor Nocturnis - ANS-What is another name for sleep terrors
60 Hz - ANS-What type of artifact s electrical in nature
The thalmus - ANS-What part of the brain generates EEG waveforms?
Pyramidal cells - ANS-What cells do we collect electrical activity data from
-60 to -80 uv - ANS-What is the resting potential for pyramidial cells
something that stores and electrical charge - ANS-What is a capacitor
Analog to digital converter - ANS-What is an A to D converter
processes relatively constant or slowly fluctuating voltage
i.e: oximetry - ANS-What does the DC amplifier do
processes relatively fast signal frequency
i.e: EEG, EOG, ECG - ANS-What does the AC amplifier do
AC amplifier
*also called the differential amplifier - ANS-What amplifier precesses common mode
rejection
input 1 - ANS-What electrode is ALWAYS your exploring electrode
M1 & M2 - ANS-Input 2 is used as your reference electrode, what electrodes are
referred to as your reference electrode?
F3,F4,C3,C4,O1,O1 - ANS-What electrodes are considered exploring electrodes
5 k ohms - ANS-What k ohms is a desired impedence level
common frequencey is rejected and only the different frequencies are displayed - ANS-
how does common mode rejection work
-23uv - ANS-Input voltage from C4 is at 53 uv. The input voltage of M1 is 76 uv, what is
the output voltage
The tracing will spike up - ANS-When a patient looks down, what will the tracing show
An upward spike - ANS-When the patient looks left what direction will the tracing be
,The faster the sampling rate the more accurate the tracing - ANS-What is the general
rule for the sampling rate
70 Hz - ANS-What is the HFF set at for seizure activity
1600x1200 - ANS-The video card is set at what resolution
12 bits per sample minimum resolution of 4096 data points determined by ADC - ANS-
What are the digital resolution settings
The sampling rate must be at least TWICE AS FAST AS THE FASTEST FREQUENCY
that will be recorded - ANS-What is the nyquist principle
EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG - ANS-What electrodes have a 500 Hz sampling rate
Airflow, nasal pressure, EtCO2, PAP, esophageal pressure, rib cage, abdominal
movement - ANS-What electrodes have a sampling rate of 100 Hz
V = voltage, S = sensitivity, D = deflection - ANS-What are the labels used for voltage,
sensitivity and deflection
It will make your waveform larger - ANS-What will happen to your waveform if you
decrese the sensitivity
It will make your wave larger - ANS-What will happen to your brain wave tracing if you
increase the gain
less than 5 k ohms - ANS-What is considered ideal impedence for all leads
less than 10 k ohms - ANS-What is acceptable impedance for EMG leads
LFF = less than 0.1 Hz, HFF = greater than 100 Hz - ANS-What is the bandpass for the
amplifier filters
EEG = 0.3 Hz, EOG = 0.3 Hz, EMG = 10 Hz, Snore = 10 Hz, Resp = 0.1 Hz, ECG = 0.3
Hz - ANS-What are the LFF settings for each electrode
EEG = 35 Hz, EOG = 35 Hz, EMG = 100 Hz, Snore = 100 Hz, ECG = 70 Hz, Resp = 15
Hz - ANS-What is the HFF setting for each electrode
reduce the amplitude - ANS-What does it mean when you want to attenuate the
amplitude
HFF = high pass filter, LFF = low pass filter - ANS-What are other names for HFF and
LFF
,attenuate the amplitude - ANS-What effect will a HFF set at 35 Hz have on a 50 Hz sine
wave
The time it takes in seconds for a waveform to drop 37% of it's calculated amplitude -
ANS-How is time constant defined
*REM suppressor, increase sleep spindles, increase slow wave sleep, decrease WASO
- ANS-What do barbituates do besides increase TST
total wake epochs divided by 2 - ANS-** How do you figure TWT
Awake = 8-13 Hz, Asleep = 7-10 Hz - ANS-When a person is awake what is the Hz
measurement of the alpha wave? Asleep?
N3 = the deepest stage of sleep - ANS-Parasomnias usually occur in what stage of
sleep
esophageal manometry - ANS-What is the best way to measure airway resistance
# of epochs of sleep stage / 2 = # of min in sleep stage
# of min / TST x 100 = % time in sleep stage - ANS-** How do you figure sleep stage %
barbituates, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepines - ANS-hypnotics decrese sleep
latency, but what classes of drugs are considered hypnotics
a minimum desaturation of 3%
*medicare requires a desat of 4% - ANS-How is hypopnea determined
pressure transducer - ANS-The best way to measure a hypopnea is:
**low bp when standing, abnormal breathing during sleep, disrupted REM, decreased
REM - ANS-With shy-drager syndrome, what are some of the symptoms seen?
corneal retinal potential - ANS-What is the cause of eye movement aritfact
sleep latency less than 5 min, 2 or more sleep onset REM periods - ANS-In a
narcoleptic patient, what will you see on the MSLT
patients less than 18 yrs old, patients with unhealthy mouths - ANS-What are the
contraindications for oral appliances
sleep anxiety, insomnia, to help treat PLM's - ANS-What are the indications for a person
taking benzodiazepines
*increased spindle activity, *increased N1 and N2, increased REM latency, decreased
REM - ANS-What effects on sleep will benzodiazepines have
, decreased REM latency - ANS-What can acute alcohol withdrawl lead to
greater than 0.5 ohms - ANS-How many ohms should the resistance measure from
chasis to ground
direct contact = 100 micro amps, indirect contact = 300 micro amps - ANS-What is the
maximum leakage of amps for equipment in direct contact with the patient, and not in
direct contact with the patient
an isolator transformer - ANS-What does electrical equipment need to be plugged into
lights on eoch - lights out epoch / 2 - ANS-*How do you figure TST
(# of events / TST)x60 - ANS-**How do you figure events index
EDS, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis - ANS-What are the 4 key
symptoms of narcolepsy
Delta - less than 4 Hz
Theta - 4 to 7 Hz
Alpha - 8 to 13 Hz
Beta - less than 13 Hz
spindles - 11 to 16 Hz - ANS-What is the frequency of each wave
first 1/3 of the night - ANS-What part of the night is typical for confusion arousals
less than 5 k ohms - ANS-What is considered ideal impedence levels
0 to 1 volt signal to DC amplifier - ANS-What is the DC output variable for oximetry
sleep onset - lights out epoch/2 - ANS-*How do you figure sleep latency
insomnia, sleep related breathing, hypersomna of central origin, circadian rhythm sleep
disorder, parasomnia, sleep related movement disorder - ANS-What are the
classiccations of sleep disorders
fatigue or malaise, attention, concentration or memory impairment, social
work/dysfunction, moodiness, daytime sleepiness, lack of motivation, GI upset,
concerns or worries about sleep - ANS-What is the general criteria for insomnia
Pavor Nocturnis - ANS-What is another name for sleep terrors
60 Hz - ANS-What type of artifact s electrical in nature
