MLT 106 TEST 3 ABO AND RH BLOOD
SYSTEM GROUPS. EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The ABO system was discovered in 1901 by _____ - ANS Karl Landsteiner
Almost all healthy people older than ____ of age have _______ to the ABO antigens they lack -
ANS 3-6 months; naturally occurring antibodies
Landsteiner demonstrated that a person's serum contained antibodies(naturally occurring)
against ______ - ANS an antigen absent from his own red blood cells; also termed
*isohemagglutinins*
"Landsteiner's Rule" states:
If the ABO *antigen is present on the cells,* ______
If the ABO *antibody is present in the serum,* ______ - ANS - the corresponding *antibody
will be absent from the serum*
- the corresponding *antigen will be absent on the cells*
The ABO blood group system remains the most important in ______ and ____ practice. -
ANS Transfusion and transplantation
An *incompatible ABO transfusion* results to _______ - ANS acute intravascular hemolysis
and renal failure , and can be fatal
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,Today, ABO typing reagents are manufactured from _____ derived from culture cell lines, which
have several advantages over conventional human and plant ABO reagents. -
ANS monoclonal antibodies;
- Major advantages is *reproducibility*
; undesired antibody specificities are also excluded from the antisera
Anti-A reagent is - ANS Blue
Anti-B reagent is - ANS Yellow
There is always an ________ between the *forward and reverse type;* thus, one serves as a
check on the other. - ANS inverse reciprocal relationship
Phenotype *A* - ANS *Forward typing*
+,=
*Reverse typing*
=, +
Phenotype *B* - ANS *Forward typing*
=, +
*Reverse typing*
+, =
Phenotype *AB* - ANS *Forward typing*
+, +
*Reverse typing*
=, =
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, Phenotype *O* - ANS *Forward typing*
=, =
*Reverse typing*
+, +
Forward Grouping (also known as front type): - ANS Testing for an individual's ABO antigens(
unknown antigens on the red blood cells) using antisera (reagents with known ABO antibodies)
; Anti-A
; Anti-B
Reverse Grouping (also known as back type) - ANS Testing for the presence or absence of
individual ABO antibodies(unknown antibodies) using reagent red blood cells(known antigens)
; 2 to 4% suspension of Reagent A1 Cells
; 2 to 4% suspension of Reagent B Cells
The major antigens of the ABO systems are: - ANS A
B
H(O)
The major antibodies of the ABO system: - ANS Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-A,B
Anti-H
Antibody production *peaks* between ______ and declines later in life - ANS 5 and 10 years
of age
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
SYSTEM GROUPS. EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The ABO system was discovered in 1901 by _____ - ANS Karl Landsteiner
Almost all healthy people older than ____ of age have _______ to the ABO antigens they lack -
ANS 3-6 months; naturally occurring antibodies
Landsteiner demonstrated that a person's serum contained antibodies(naturally occurring)
against ______ - ANS an antigen absent from his own red blood cells; also termed
*isohemagglutinins*
"Landsteiner's Rule" states:
If the ABO *antigen is present on the cells,* ______
If the ABO *antibody is present in the serum,* ______ - ANS - the corresponding *antibody
will be absent from the serum*
- the corresponding *antigen will be absent on the cells*
The ABO blood group system remains the most important in ______ and ____ practice. -
ANS Transfusion and transplantation
An *incompatible ABO transfusion* results to _______ - ANS acute intravascular hemolysis
and renal failure , and can be fatal
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Today, ABO typing reagents are manufactured from _____ derived from culture cell lines, which
have several advantages over conventional human and plant ABO reagents. -
ANS monoclonal antibodies;
- Major advantages is *reproducibility*
; undesired antibody specificities are also excluded from the antisera
Anti-A reagent is - ANS Blue
Anti-B reagent is - ANS Yellow
There is always an ________ between the *forward and reverse type;* thus, one serves as a
check on the other. - ANS inverse reciprocal relationship
Phenotype *A* - ANS *Forward typing*
+,=
*Reverse typing*
=, +
Phenotype *B* - ANS *Forward typing*
=, +
*Reverse typing*
+, =
Phenotype *AB* - ANS *Forward typing*
+, +
*Reverse typing*
=, =
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Phenotype *O* - ANS *Forward typing*
=, =
*Reverse typing*
+, +
Forward Grouping (also known as front type): - ANS Testing for an individual's ABO antigens(
unknown antigens on the red blood cells) using antisera (reagents with known ABO antibodies)
; Anti-A
; Anti-B
Reverse Grouping (also known as back type) - ANS Testing for the presence or absence of
individual ABO antibodies(unknown antibodies) using reagent red blood cells(known antigens)
; 2 to 4% suspension of Reagent A1 Cells
; 2 to 4% suspension of Reagent B Cells
The major antigens of the ABO systems are: - ANS A
B
H(O)
The major antibodies of the ABO system: - ANS Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-A,B
Anti-H
Antibody production *peaks* between ______ and declines later in life - ANS 5 and 10 years
of age
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
