HESI Pediatric Evolve Peds practice questions
When taking the health history of a child, the nurse know what which finding is an early indication
of hypothyroidism in children? -
☑️Cessation of growth in a child that had been normal
The nurse received a lab report stating a child w/ asthma has theophyline level of 15 mcg/dl. What
action will the nurse take? -
☑️Pass the information on in the report.
a.i. Therapeutic levels of theophylline is 10-20 mcg/dl, so the child's level is w/in the therapeutic
rage. this information evaluates the prescribed therapy and should be communicated in the nurse's
report.
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration w/ the health care
provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipapte? -
☑️trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone
a.i A trial of HCG may aid in testicular descent, but does not replace surgical repair for true
undescended testes. (cryptorchidism: may be found in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated
creamasteric reflex
Which menu selection by a child w/ celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the child understands
necessary dietary considerations? -
☑️a. Oven baked potato chips & cola
a.i. Celiac disease causes an intolerance to the protein gluten found in oats, rye, wheat, and barley.
The child should avoid any produces containing these indredients to avoid symptoms such as
diarrhea.
The mother of a 2-year-old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased temper tantrums. The
mother states, "yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not know what to do. I was so
embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to
provide this mother? -
☑️a. Walk away from him and ignore the behavior
a.i. The best approach for a toddler is to ignor the attention-seeking behavior. The parents should be
somewhat nearby, w/in view of the child but should avoid reinforcing the behavior in any way.
Tantrums can sometimes be avoided by talking to the child before the situation occurs
Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair? -
☑️a. Elbow
a.i. Elbow restraints prevent children from bending their arms and brining their hands to the oral
surgical site, (A) restrains the hands but the child can bend and bring their head to their ands. (B) is
used during procedures (mummy). (D)-jacket, restrains the body torso and is not appropriate
The mother of a 4-year-old child asks the nurse what she can do to help her other children cope with
their sibling's hospitalizations. Which is the best response that the nurse should offer? -
☑️a. Encourage the mother to have the children visit the hospitalized sibling.
a.i. Needs of a sibling will be better met with facture information and contact w/ the ill child, so
siblings visitation should be encouraged (D). Parents are experts on their children and should
determine when their children are old enough to visit. (A) in the hospital/ Separation fr. a family &
1
,home (B) may intensify fear & anxiety (suggest that the child visit a grandmother until the sibling
returns home. Children may have difficulty expressing questions (C) ask the mother if the child asks
when the sibling will be discharged, so the support of parents & other caregivers are needed to help
alleviate their fears.
The nurse is giving preoperative instruction to a 14-year-old female client who is scheduled for
surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning
has taken place? -
☑️a. I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to
turn
a.i. Outcome of learning is best demonstrated when the client not only verbalizes an understand, but
can also provide a return demonstration
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and nausea.
Which action should the nurse implement? -
☑️a. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider
a.i. The child is exhibiting signs of a reaction to the blood transfusion. The blood transfusion should
be stopped immediately and the healthcare provider notified ©. After the transfusion is
discontinused, IV access should be maintained. (A) w/ fluids that do not introduce any more cellular
products. (B & D) place the child @ risk for further blood reactions
The clinic nurse is taking the hx for a new 6-month-old client. The mother reports that she took a
great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which assessment should the nurse obtain? -
☑️a. Type of reaction to loud noises
a.i. Ototoxicity diminishes hear acuity and causes symptoms of tinnitus and vertigo in older children
who can express subjective symptoms, so assessing the infant's reation to loud noises (A) helps to
determine an infant's risk for hearing deficit r/t to a hx of the mother taking ototoxic drug, such as
aspirin, while pregnancy (B,C,D are not assoc w/ the exposure to aspirin in utero
The mother of a preschool aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer Pepto Bismol to
her son when he has a "tummy ache" After reminding the mother to check the label of all OTC
drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this
mother's question? -
☑️a. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness
a.i. Pepto Bismol contains aspirin and there is the potential of Reye's syndrome (B). (a) is a
common effect of peptobismol and does not warrant discontinuation. Pepto Bismol can be used by
children (C). Pepto Bismol does not cause rebound hyperacidity (D) complication of antacids
containing calcium
A 3 moth old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? -
☑️a. Nystatin (Mycostatin)
a.i. Nystatin (mycostatin) (A) is an antifungal drug that is effective in treating thrush, an oral fungal
infection
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3 yr old who is scheduled for a cardiac catherization. To
assist in decreasing anxiety for the child on the day of the procedure, which intervention is best for
the nurse to implement? -
☑️a. C-give the child a ride on a gurney to visit the cardiac catheterization lab and meet a
nurse who works there
2
, a.i. Familizaring the child and mother w/ the department will help decrease anxiety of the child and
mother (who may have more anxiety than the child). Three is a difficult age to undergo a procedure
that requires cooperation. Restraints and possible sedation may be required
A 3 yr old boy is brought to the ER because he swallowed an entire bottle of children's vitamin
pills. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? -
☑️a. B-determine the child's pulse and respirations
a.i. The most important principle in dealing w/ a poisoning is to treat the child first, not the poison.
Initiate immediate life support measures w/ assessment of VS (B), in particular, respirations.
Inserting an airway or initiating mechanical ventilation may be necessary. Assessment and
identification of the poison should occur prior to A. (C & D after assessing the airway.)
A 4- year- old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic visit. The mother appears
irritated w/ the child and asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's
response should be based on which information? -
☑️a. A- children need to retian a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights and
privileges others
a.i. Children aged 3-6 are in Erickson's initiative vs. guilt stage, which is characterized by vigorous,
intrusive behavior, enterprise, and strong imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience
and must learn to retain a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights of others
The nurse is planning the care of a 2 year old w/ severe eczema on the face, next, and scalp fr.
scratching the affected areas. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing further
excoriation due to the purities? -
☑️a. C- place elbow restraints on the child's arms.
a.i. Elbow restraints prevent arm flexion and scratching of involved area, but do not inhibit use of
the nads for play activities. Others can be removed easily
a 6- year old admitted to the pediatric unit after falling of a bicycle. Which intervention should the
nurse implement to assist the child's adjustments to hospitalization? -
☑️a.Explain hospital schedules to the child, such as mealtimes. Altered daily schedules
and loss of rituals are upsetting to children and increase separation anxiety, and active sensitivity to
the needs of children can minimize the negative effects of hospitalization. Explaining the hospital
schedules (A) and establishing an individual schedule familiarizes the child to the hospital
environment and decreases anxiety.
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the
most important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's teaching plan? -
☑️a. A- Use sunscreen when lying by the pool
a.i. Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL (AchromycinV) therapy. Severe
sunburn can occur w/ minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and
to use sunscreen
The nurse is caring for a 12 year-old w/ Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). This child should be carefully assessed for which complication? -
☑️a. B- changes in LOC
a.i. The child must be monitored for S/S of hyponatremia, which creates secondary central nervous
system alterations such as changes in LOC, seizure coma.
3
When taking the health history of a child, the nurse know what which finding is an early indication
of hypothyroidism in children? -
☑️Cessation of growth in a child that had been normal
The nurse received a lab report stating a child w/ asthma has theophyline level of 15 mcg/dl. What
action will the nurse take? -
☑️Pass the information on in the report.
a.i. Therapeutic levels of theophylline is 10-20 mcg/dl, so the child's level is w/in the therapeutic
rage. this information evaluates the prescribed therapy and should be communicated in the nurse's
report.
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration w/ the health care
provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipapte? -
☑️trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone
a.i A trial of HCG may aid in testicular descent, but does not replace surgical repair for true
undescended testes. (cryptorchidism: may be found in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated
creamasteric reflex
Which menu selection by a child w/ celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the child understands
necessary dietary considerations? -
☑️a. Oven baked potato chips & cola
a.i. Celiac disease causes an intolerance to the protein gluten found in oats, rye, wheat, and barley.
The child should avoid any produces containing these indredients to avoid symptoms such as
diarrhea.
The mother of a 2-year-old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased temper tantrums. The
mother states, "yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not know what to do. I was so
embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to
provide this mother? -
☑️a. Walk away from him and ignore the behavior
a.i. The best approach for a toddler is to ignor the attention-seeking behavior. The parents should be
somewhat nearby, w/in view of the child but should avoid reinforcing the behavior in any way.
Tantrums can sometimes be avoided by talking to the child before the situation occurs
Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair? -
☑️a. Elbow
a.i. Elbow restraints prevent children from bending their arms and brining their hands to the oral
surgical site, (A) restrains the hands but the child can bend and bring their head to their ands. (B) is
used during procedures (mummy). (D)-jacket, restrains the body torso and is not appropriate
The mother of a 4-year-old child asks the nurse what she can do to help her other children cope with
their sibling's hospitalizations. Which is the best response that the nurse should offer? -
☑️a. Encourage the mother to have the children visit the hospitalized sibling.
a.i. Needs of a sibling will be better met with facture information and contact w/ the ill child, so
siblings visitation should be encouraged (D). Parents are experts on their children and should
determine when their children are old enough to visit. (A) in the hospital/ Separation fr. a family &
1
,home (B) may intensify fear & anxiety (suggest that the child visit a grandmother until the sibling
returns home. Children may have difficulty expressing questions (C) ask the mother if the child asks
when the sibling will be discharged, so the support of parents & other caregivers are needed to help
alleviate their fears.
The nurse is giving preoperative instruction to a 14-year-old female client who is scheduled for
surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning
has taken place? -
☑️a. I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to
turn
a.i. Outcome of learning is best demonstrated when the client not only verbalizes an understand, but
can also provide a return demonstration
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and nausea.
Which action should the nurse implement? -
☑️a. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider
a.i. The child is exhibiting signs of a reaction to the blood transfusion. The blood transfusion should
be stopped immediately and the healthcare provider notified ©. After the transfusion is
discontinused, IV access should be maintained. (A) w/ fluids that do not introduce any more cellular
products. (B & D) place the child @ risk for further blood reactions
The clinic nurse is taking the hx for a new 6-month-old client. The mother reports that she took a
great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which assessment should the nurse obtain? -
☑️a. Type of reaction to loud noises
a.i. Ototoxicity diminishes hear acuity and causes symptoms of tinnitus and vertigo in older children
who can express subjective symptoms, so assessing the infant's reation to loud noises (A) helps to
determine an infant's risk for hearing deficit r/t to a hx of the mother taking ototoxic drug, such as
aspirin, while pregnancy (B,C,D are not assoc w/ the exposure to aspirin in utero
The mother of a preschool aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer Pepto Bismol to
her son when he has a "tummy ache" After reminding the mother to check the label of all OTC
drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this
mother's question? -
☑️a. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness
a.i. Pepto Bismol contains aspirin and there is the potential of Reye's syndrome (B). (a) is a
common effect of peptobismol and does not warrant discontinuation. Pepto Bismol can be used by
children (C). Pepto Bismol does not cause rebound hyperacidity (D) complication of antacids
containing calcium
A 3 moth old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? -
☑️a. Nystatin (Mycostatin)
a.i. Nystatin (mycostatin) (A) is an antifungal drug that is effective in treating thrush, an oral fungal
infection
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3 yr old who is scheduled for a cardiac catherization. To
assist in decreasing anxiety for the child on the day of the procedure, which intervention is best for
the nurse to implement? -
☑️a. C-give the child a ride on a gurney to visit the cardiac catheterization lab and meet a
nurse who works there
2
, a.i. Familizaring the child and mother w/ the department will help decrease anxiety of the child and
mother (who may have more anxiety than the child). Three is a difficult age to undergo a procedure
that requires cooperation. Restraints and possible sedation may be required
A 3 yr old boy is brought to the ER because he swallowed an entire bottle of children's vitamin
pills. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? -
☑️a. B-determine the child's pulse and respirations
a.i. The most important principle in dealing w/ a poisoning is to treat the child first, not the poison.
Initiate immediate life support measures w/ assessment of VS (B), in particular, respirations.
Inserting an airway or initiating mechanical ventilation may be necessary. Assessment and
identification of the poison should occur prior to A. (C & D after assessing the airway.)
A 4- year- old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic visit. The mother appears
irritated w/ the child and asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's
response should be based on which information? -
☑️a. A- children need to retian a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights and
privileges others
a.i. Children aged 3-6 are in Erickson's initiative vs. guilt stage, which is characterized by vigorous,
intrusive behavior, enterprise, and strong imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience
and must learn to retain a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights of others
The nurse is planning the care of a 2 year old w/ severe eczema on the face, next, and scalp fr.
scratching the affected areas. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing further
excoriation due to the purities? -
☑️a. C- place elbow restraints on the child's arms.
a.i. Elbow restraints prevent arm flexion and scratching of involved area, but do not inhibit use of
the nads for play activities. Others can be removed easily
a 6- year old admitted to the pediatric unit after falling of a bicycle. Which intervention should the
nurse implement to assist the child's adjustments to hospitalization? -
☑️a.Explain hospital schedules to the child, such as mealtimes. Altered daily schedules
and loss of rituals are upsetting to children and increase separation anxiety, and active sensitivity to
the needs of children can minimize the negative effects of hospitalization. Explaining the hospital
schedules (A) and establishing an individual schedule familiarizes the child to the hospital
environment and decreases anxiety.
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the
most important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's teaching plan? -
☑️a. A- Use sunscreen when lying by the pool
a.i. Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL (AchromycinV) therapy. Severe
sunburn can occur w/ minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and
to use sunscreen
The nurse is caring for a 12 year-old w/ Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). This child should be carefully assessed for which complication? -
☑️a. B- changes in LOC
a.i. The child must be monitored for S/S of hyponatremia, which creates secondary central nervous
system alterations such as changes in LOC, seizure coma.
3
