Psychology 1010 Exam #1 | Actual study
set | Questions and verified Answers
______________________ is an experiment in which participants do not know if they are in the
experimental or the control group, and the experimenters also do not know which participants are part
of which group. - ANSW-The double-blind study
Experimenters can justify the use of deception only if ___________. - ANSW-it is necessary for the
experiment to work, and participants are debriefed afterwards
The goals of psychology are to _____. - ANSW-describe, understand, predict, and control behavior
Who was an early proponent of functionalism? - ANSW-William James
Freud said phobias were ____________ whereas Watson said phobias were __________. - ANSW-
repressed conflicts; learned
Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization? - ANSW-humanism
What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists? - ANSW-They diagnose and treat
people experiencing behavioral and emotional problems.
When you watch how dogs play in the park or how your professors act in the classroom, that could
actually be considered a form of ______. - ANSW-naturalistic observation
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called
______________________. - ANSW-a case study
A negative correlation means that ______________________. - ANSW-high values of one variable are
associated with low values of the other
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________. - ANSW-peripheral
nervous system; central nervous system
Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell? - ANSW-soma
Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the
brain? - ANSW-GABA
Which part of the nervous system takes the information received from the senses, makes sense out of it,
makes decisions, and sends commands out to the muscles and the rest of the body? - ANSW-brain
The part of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily
arousal is called the ______________ nervous system. - ANSW-sympathetic
Hormones are___________. - ANSW-chemicals released into the bloodstream by the endocrine glands
A brain-imaging method using magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain is
called ______________. - ANSW-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information? - ANSW-thalamus
Which of the following regions contains the primary visual cortex? - ANSW-occipital lobe
Which of the following are some of the primary functions of the right hemisphere? - ANSW-perception,
expression of emotion, and recognition of patterns
The term just noticeable difference is synonymous with ______. - ANSW-difference threshold
In the process known as_____________, sensory receptors become less sensitive to repeated
presentations of the same stimulus. - ANSW-sensory adaptation
, Receptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and fine acuity are ______. - ANSW-cones
Which of the following properties of sound is the most similar to the saturation of light? - ANSW-timbre
Conduction hearing impairment refers to hearing problems caused by ____________. - ANSW-vibrations
from the eardrum not reaching the cochlea
What are the five primary tastes? - ANSW-bitter, salty, sour, sweet, umami
In addition to their function for hearing, we have three semicircular canals in the ear to ______________
- ANSW-detect movement in each of the three planes of motion
The tendency to interpret an object as always being the same physical dimensions, regardless of its
distance from the viewer, is known as _____________. - ANSW-size constancy
Texture gradient refers to the fact that texture appears to become ______. - ANSW-less detailed in the
distance
An illusion ________________. - ANSW-is a perception that does not correspond to reality
Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint, such as an increase in height or the size of the brain, are
examples of ___________________, not learning. - ANSW-maturation
Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of dogs, and they began to salivate. The food acted as a (an)
____________. - ANSW-unconditioned stimulus
What was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in the case of Little Albert? - ANSW-a loud noise
Thorndike was known for his work ______. - ANSW-a puzzle box
Under what circumstances will a reinforcer make the target response more likely to occur again? -
ANSW-Regardless of whether it is a positive or negative reinforcer, a reinforcer makes a response more
likely to occur.
What has been used to modify behavior when there is a decrease in the likelihood of a target response?
- ANSW-punishment
What is one way to make punishment more effective? - ANSW-Whenever possible, the right behavior
should be inforced, while the wrong behavior is punished.
Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called ______. - ANSW-
latent learning
The "aha!" experience is known as ________________. - ANSW-insight learning
Lydia is trying to teach her son to do the laundry by watching her. According to the four elements of
observational learning, what must occur for this to work? - ANSW-Her son must be motivated to learn
how to do the laundry.
Goals of Psychology - ANSW-The study of behavior and mental processes. Description, explanation,
prediction and control.
Sigmund Freud and his contributions - ANSW-Psychoanalysis. Unconscious or unaware mind where we
repress threatening urges or desires. Importance in early childhood experiences.
John B. Watson and his contributions - ANSW-Behaviorism. The science focusing on observable behavior
only. Must be directly seen and measured. Based on Palov's work. A reflex can be conditioned. Phobias
are learned. "Little Albert" taught to fear a white rat.
Cognitive Perspective - ANSW-Focuses on memory, intelligence, problem solving and learning.
set | Questions and verified Answers
______________________ is an experiment in which participants do not know if they are in the
experimental or the control group, and the experimenters also do not know which participants are part
of which group. - ANSW-The double-blind study
Experimenters can justify the use of deception only if ___________. - ANSW-it is necessary for the
experiment to work, and participants are debriefed afterwards
The goals of psychology are to _____. - ANSW-describe, understand, predict, and control behavior
Who was an early proponent of functionalism? - ANSW-William James
Freud said phobias were ____________ whereas Watson said phobias were __________. - ANSW-
repressed conflicts; learned
Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization? - ANSW-humanism
What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists? - ANSW-They diagnose and treat
people experiencing behavioral and emotional problems.
When you watch how dogs play in the park or how your professors act in the classroom, that could
actually be considered a form of ______. - ANSW-naturalistic observation
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called
______________________. - ANSW-a case study
A negative correlation means that ______________________. - ANSW-high values of one variable are
associated with low values of the other
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________. - ANSW-peripheral
nervous system; central nervous system
Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell? - ANSW-soma
Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the
brain? - ANSW-GABA
Which part of the nervous system takes the information received from the senses, makes sense out of it,
makes decisions, and sends commands out to the muscles and the rest of the body? - ANSW-brain
The part of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily
arousal is called the ______________ nervous system. - ANSW-sympathetic
Hormones are___________. - ANSW-chemicals released into the bloodstream by the endocrine glands
A brain-imaging method using magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain is
called ______________. - ANSW-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information? - ANSW-thalamus
Which of the following regions contains the primary visual cortex? - ANSW-occipital lobe
Which of the following are some of the primary functions of the right hemisphere? - ANSW-perception,
expression of emotion, and recognition of patterns
The term just noticeable difference is synonymous with ______. - ANSW-difference threshold
In the process known as_____________, sensory receptors become less sensitive to repeated
presentations of the same stimulus. - ANSW-sensory adaptation
, Receptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and fine acuity are ______. - ANSW-cones
Which of the following properties of sound is the most similar to the saturation of light? - ANSW-timbre
Conduction hearing impairment refers to hearing problems caused by ____________. - ANSW-vibrations
from the eardrum not reaching the cochlea
What are the five primary tastes? - ANSW-bitter, salty, sour, sweet, umami
In addition to their function for hearing, we have three semicircular canals in the ear to ______________
- ANSW-detect movement in each of the three planes of motion
The tendency to interpret an object as always being the same physical dimensions, regardless of its
distance from the viewer, is known as _____________. - ANSW-size constancy
Texture gradient refers to the fact that texture appears to become ______. - ANSW-less detailed in the
distance
An illusion ________________. - ANSW-is a perception that does not correspond to reality
Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint, such as an increase in height or the size of the brain, are
examples of ___________________, not learning. - ANSW-maturation
Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of dogs, and they began to salivate. The food acted as a (an)
____________. - ANSW-unconditioned stimulus
What was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in the case of Little Albert? - ANSW-a loud noise
Thorndike was known for his work ______. - ANSW-a puzzle box
Under what circumstances will a reinforcer make the target response more likely to occur again? -
ANSW-Regardless of whether it is a positive or negative reinforcer, a reinforcer makes a response more
likely to occur.
What has been used to modify behavior when there is a decrease in the likelihood of a target response?
- ANSW-punishment
What is one way to make punishment more effective? - ANSW-Whenever possible, the right behavior
should be inforced, while the wrong behavior is punished.
Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called ______. - ANSW-
latent learning
The "aha!" experience is known as ________________. - ANSW-insight learning
Lydia is trying to teach her son to do the laundry by watching her. According to the four elements of
observational learning, what must occur for this to work? - ANSW-Her son must be motivated to learn
how to do the laundry.
Goals of Psychology - ANSW-The study of behavior and mental processes. Description, explanation,
prediction and control.
Sigmund Freud and his contributions - ANSW-Psychoanalysis. Unconscious or unaware mind where we
repress threatening urges or desires. Importance in early childhood experiences.
John B. Watson and his contributions - ANSW-Behaviorism. The science focusing on observable behavior
only. Must be directly seen and measured. Based on Palov's work. A reflex can be conditioned. Phobias
are learned. "Little Albert" taught to fear a white rat.
Cognitive Perspective - ANSW-Focuses on memory, intelligence, problem solving and learning.
