NR 507 Final Exam
Question 1
What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no
new cardiac potential can be propagated?
Correct!
Refractory
Threshold
Sinoatrial (SA)
Hyperpolarization
During the refractory period, no new cardiac action potential can be initiated by a stimulus. This
selection is the only option that accurately identifies the period described in the question.
Question 2
What is the suggested mean blood pressure for an 8- to 9-year-old child?
Correct!
106/58 mm Hg
104/55 mm Hg
112/62 mm Hg
121/70 mm Hg
,The suggested mean blood pressure for an 8- to 9- year-old child is 106/58 mm Hg. For a child
of 6 to 7 years old, 104/55 mm Hg is appropriate; for a 12- to 13-year-old child, 112/62 mm Hg
is appropriate, and for a 16- to 18-year-old young man, 121/70 mm Hg is appropriate.
Question 3
Which is an example of an endogenous antigen?
Yeast
Correct!
Cancer cells
Fungus
Bacteria
Of the options provided, endogenous antigens include only those uniquely produced by
cancerous cells.
Question 4
An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur located between the second and
third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed splitting of the second heart
sound is also found. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
,Correct!
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Because most children with ASD are asymptomatic, diagnosis is usually made during a routine
physical examination by the auscultation of a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur
that reflects increased blood flow through the pulmonary valve. The location of the murmur is
between the second and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed
splitting of the second heart sound is also characteristic of ASD, reflecting volume overload to
the right ventricle and causing prolonged ejection time and a delay of pulmonic valve closure.
The presentations of other congenital heart defects are not consistent with the described
symptoms.
Question 5
Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
Correct!
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Two clinical signs of hypocalcemia are the Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign. These clinical
signs are not indicative of any of the other options.
Question 6
How does chest wall compliance in an infant differ from that of an adult?
An adult’s chest wall compliance is the same as an infant’s.
, An adult’s chest wall compliance is dissimilar to that of an infant’s.
Correct!
An adult’s chest wall compliance is lower than an infant’s.
An adult’s chest wall compliance is higher than an infant’s.
Chest wall compliance is higher in infants than it is in adults, particularly in premature infants.
Question 7
What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
Hair loss
Nausea
Weight loss
Correct!
Fatigue
Fatigue is the most frequently reported symptom of cancer and cancer treatment. Although
patients report the other options, they are not as frequently experienced as fatigue.
Question 8
At birth, which statement is true?
Correct!
Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.
Question 1
What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no
new cardiac potential can be propagated?
Correct!
Refractory
Threshold
Sinoatrial (SA)
Hyperpolarization
During the refractory period, no new cardiac action potential can be initiated by a stimulus. This
selection is the only option that accurately identifies the period described in the question.
Question 2
What is the suggested mean blood pressure for an 8- to 9-year-old child?
Correct!
106/58 mm Hg
104/55 mm Hg
112/62 mm Hg
121/70 mm Hg
,The suggested mean blood pressure for an 8- to 9- year-old child is 106/58 mm Hg. For a child
of 6 to 7 years old, 104/55 mm Hg is appropriate; for a 12- to 13-year-old child, 112/62 mm Hg
is appropriate, and for a 16- to 18-year-old young man, 121/70 mm Hg is appropriate.
Question 3
Which is an example of an endogenous antigen?
Yeast
Correct!
Cancer cells
Fungus
Bacteria
Of the options provided, endogenous antigens include only those uniquely produced by
cancerous cells.
Question 4
An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur located between the second and
third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed splitting of the second heart
sound is also found. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
,Correct!
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Because most children with ASD are asymptomatic, diagnosis is usually made during a routine
physical examination by the auscultation of a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur
that reflects increased blood flow through the pulmonary valve. The location of the murmur is
between the second and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed
splitting of the second heart sound is also characteristic of ASD, reflecting volume overload to
the right ventricle and causing prolonged ejection time and a delay of pulmonic valve closure.
The presentations of other congenital heart defects are not consistent with the described
symptoms.
Question 5
Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
Correct!
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Two clinical signs of hypocalcemia are the Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign. These clinical
signs are not indicative of any of the other options.
Question 6
How does chest wall compliance in an infant differ from that of an adult?
An adult’s chest wall compliance is the same as an infant’s.
, An adult’s chest wall compliance is dissimilar to that of an infant’s.
Correct!
An adult’s chest wall compliance is lower than an infant’s.
An adult’s chest wall compliance is higher than an infant’s.
Chest wall compliance is higher in infants than it is in adults, particularly in premature infants.
Question 7
What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
Hair loss
Nausea
Weight loss
Correct!
Fatigue
Fatigue is the most frequently reported symptom of cancer and cancer treatment. Although
patients report the other options, they are not as frequently experienced as fatigue.
Question 8
At birth, which statement is true?
Correct!
Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.
