TEST BANK FOR RAUS RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY GARDENHIRE
CHAPTERS 1-23 GRADED A+
,CONTENTS
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY.............................. 3
CHAPTER 02: PRINCIPLES OF DRUG ACTION ...................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 03: ADMINISTRATION OF AEROSOLIZED AGENTS ............................................... 38
CHAPTER 04: CALCULATING DRUG DOSES ......................................................................... 64
CHAPTER 05: CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS ........................................... 73
CHAPTER 06: ADRENERGIC (SYMPATHOMIMETIC) BRONCHODILATORS ............................. 92
CHAPTER 7: ANTICHOLINERGIC (PARASYMPATHOLYTIC) BRONCHODILATORS .................. 116
CHAPTER 08: XANTHINES................................................................................................. 127
CHAPTER 09: MUCUS-CONTROLLING DRUG THERAPY ...................................................... 141
CHAPTER 10: SURFACTANT AGENTS ................................................................................. 162
CHAPTER 11: CORTICOSTEROIDS IN RESPIRATORY CARE................................................... 177
CHAPTER 12: NONSTEROIDAL ANTIASTHMA AGENTS ....................................................... 211
CHAPTER 13: AEROSOLIZED ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS ....................................................... 224
CHAPTER 14: ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ............................................................................ 238
CHAPTER 15: COLD AND COUGH AGENTS......................................................................... 255
CHAPTER 16: SELECTED AGENTS OF PULMONARY VALUE ................................................. 270
CHAPTER 17: NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC AEROSOLIZED DRUG THERAPY ......................... 283
CHAPTER 18: SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS (NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS)...... 291
CHAPTER 19: DIURETIC AGENTS ....................................................................................... 309
CHAPTER 20: DRUGS AFFECTING THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ................................... 323
CHAPTER 21: VASOPRESSORS, INOTROPES, AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS ................... 338
CHAPTER 22: DRUGS AFFECTING CIRCULATION: ANTIHYPERTENSIVES, ANTIANGINALS, .... 356
ANTITHROMBOTIC .......................................................................................................... 356
CHAPTER 23: SLEEP AND SLEEP PHARMACOLOGY............................................................. 374
,CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. THE LISTING OF A DRUG AND THE AMOUNT OF DRUG ARE FOUND IN WHICH PART OF A PRESCRIPTION?
a. SUPERSCRIPTION
b. INSCRIPTION
c. SUBSCRIPTION
d. TRANSCRIPTION (SIGNATURE)
ANS:B
THE SUPERSCRIPTION DIRECTS THE PHARMACIST TO TAKE THE DRUG LISTED AND PREPARE THE
MEDICATION; THE INSCRIPTION LISTS
THE NAME AND QUANTITY OF THE DRUG BEING PRESCRIBED; THE SUBSCRIPTION PROVIDES
DIRECTIONS TO THE PHARMACIST FOR
PREPARING THE MEDICATION; AND THE TRANSCRIPTION, OR SIGNATURE, IS THE INFORMATION THE
PHARMACIST WRITES ON THE
LABEL AS INSTRUCTIONS TO THE
PATIENT. REF: P. 7
2. IF GENERIC SUBSTITUTION IS PERMITTED ON A PRESCRIPTION:
a. DRUG FROM ONLY ONE MANUFACTURER MUST BE GIVEN.
b. DRUG FORMULATION MAY BE CHANGED BY THE PHARMACIST.
c. ANY MANUFACTURED BRAND OF THE DRUG LISTED MAY BE GIVEN.
d. DRUG STRENGTH MAY BE CHANGED BY THE PHARMACIST.
ANS:C
A GENERIC SUBSTITUTION ALLOWS ANY BRAND OF A DRUG TO BE GIVEN, BUT THE PHARMACIST MAY NOT
CHANGE A DRUG
FORMULATION WITHOUT SPECIFIC PERMISSION FROM THE PRESCRIBING PHYSICIAN. A PHYSICIAN CAN
INDICATE TO THE
PHARMACIST THAT GENERIC SUBSTITUTION IS PERMITTED IN THE FILLING OF THE PRESCRIPTION. IN SUCH A
CASE, THE PHARMACIST
MAY PROVIDE ANY MANUFACTURER’S VERSION OF THE PRESCRIBED DRUG, RATHER THAN A SPECIFIC
BRAND. HOWEVER,
THE
,PHARMACIST MAY NOT CHANGE THE STRENGTH OF A DRUG WITHOUT SPECIFIC PERMISSION FROM
THE PRESCRIBING PHYSICIAN.
REF: P. 8
3. THE STUDY OF DRUGS, INCLUDING THEIR ORIGIN, PROPERTIES, AND INTERACTIONS WITH LIVING
ORGANISMS, IS KNOWN AS
a. PHARMACOGENETICS.
b. PHARMACOLOGY.
c. THERAPEUTICS.
d. TOXICOLOGY.
ANS:B
PHARMACOGENETICS IS THE STUDY OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF GENETIC DIFFERENCES AND DRUG
EFFECTS.
PHARMACOLOGY IS
THE STUDY OF DRUGS (CHEMICALS), INCLUDING THEIR ORIGIN, PROPERTIES, AND INTERACTIONS WITH
LIVING ORGANISMS.
THERAPEUTICS IS THE ART OF TREATING DISEASE WITH DRUGS. TOXICOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF TOXIC
SUBSTANCES AND THEIR
PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS, INCLUDING ANTIDOTES AND
POISON CONTROL. REF: P. 3
4. THE BRAND NAME GIVEN TO A DRUG BY A PARTICULAR MANUFACTURER IS KNOWN AS THE DRUG’S
a. CHEMICAL NAME.
b. GENERIC NAME. C. OFFICIAL NAME. D. TRADE NAME.
ANS:D
THE CHEMICAL NAME INDICATES THE DRUG’S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE. THE GENERIC NAME IS ASSIGNED BY
THE UNITED
STATES
ADOPTED NAME COUNCIL AND IS USUALLY BASED LOOSELY ON THE DRUG’S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE.
THE OFFICIAL NAME IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE GENERIC NAME ONCE A DRUG BECOMES FULLY
APPROVED FOR GENERAL USE AND IS ADMITTED TO THE
UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA–NATIONAL FORMULARY. THE TRADE NAME IS THE BRAND, OR
PROPRIETARY, NAME GIVEN BY A
PARTICULAR MANUFACTURER. FOR EXAMPLE, THE GENERIC DRUG ALBUTEROL IS CURRENTLY
MARKETED BY SCHERING- PLOUGH AS
PROVENTIL
® AND BY GLAXOSMITHKLINE AS VENTOLIN
,®.
REF: P. 5
5. TO FIND OFFICIAL INFORMATION ABOUT DRUGS (ACCORDING TO THE FDA), YOU NEED TO GO TO THE
a. PHYSICIAN’S DESK REFERENCE (PDR).
b. BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.
c. UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA–NATIONAL FORMULARY (USP-NF).
d. GOODMAN & GILMAN’S THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS.
ANS:C
BECAUSE THE PDR IS PREPARED BY DRUG MANUFACTURERS THEMSELVES, IT MAY BE LACKING IN
OBJECTIVITY. BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY COVERS ONLY GENERAL PHARMACOLOGIC
PRINCIPLES AND DRUG CLASSES. GOODMAN &
GILMAN’S
THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS COVERS ONLY GENERAL PHARMACOLOGIC
PRINCIPLES AND DRUG CLASSES. THE
USP-NF IS A BOOK OF STANDARDS CONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT MEDICATIONS, DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS, AND MEDICAL
DEVICES. THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) CONSIDERS THIS BOOK THE OFFICIAL
STANDARD FOR DRUGS MARKETED IN THE UNITED STATES.
REF: P. 5
6. DRUGS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SOURCES?
a. PLANTS
b. ANIMALS
c. MINERALS
d. PLANTS, ANIMALS, AND MINERALS
ANS:D
DRUGS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM PLANTS (E.G., DIGITALIS), ANIMALS (E.G., INSULIN), AND MINERALS (E.G.,
MAGNESIUM SULFATE).
REF: P. 5
7. THE BRANCH OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PROCESS OF APPROVING DRUGS
FOR CLINICAL USE IS THE
a. USAN COUNCIL.
, b. FDA.
c. USP-NF.
d. PDR.
ANS:B
THE UNITED STATES ADOPTED NAME (USAN) COUNCIL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSIGNING A GENERIC
NAME TO A CHEMICAL
THAT APPEARS TO HAVE THERAPEUTIC USE. THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) IS
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
PROCESS OF APPROVING DRUGS FOR CLINICAL USE. THE PROCESS BY WHICH A CHEMICAL MOVES FROM THE
STATUS OF A
PROMISING POTENTIAL DRUG TO ONE FULLY APPROVED BY THE FDA FOR GENERAL CLINICAL USE IS,
ON AVERAGE, LONG, COSTLY,
AND COMPLEX. COST ESTIMATES VARY, BUT IN THE 1980S IT TOOK AN AVERAGE OF 13 TO 15 YEARS
FROM CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS TO MARKETING APPROVAL BY THE FDA, WITH A COST OF $350 MILLION IN
THE UNITED STATES.
THE USP-NF IS A BOOK
OF STANDARDS FOR MEDICATIONS, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND MEDICAL DEVICES. THE PDR IS A SOURCE
OF DRUG INFORMATION PREPARED BY DRUG MANUFACTURERS.
REF: P. 4
8. AN ORPHAN DRUG IS A DRUG THAT IS
a. USED FOR RARE DISEASE.
b. USED FOR COMMON DISEASE.
c. INEXPENSIVE TO PRODUCE.
d. NOT CLAIMED BY A DRUG MANUFACTURER.
ANS:A
AN ORPHAN DRUG IS A DRUG OR BIOLOGIC PRODUCT FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT OF A RARE
DISEASE. RARE IS DEFINED AS
A DISEASE THAT AFFECTS LESS THAN 200,000 PERSONS IN THE UNITED STATES. ALTERNATIVELY, A
DRUG MAY BE DESIGNATED AS
AN ORPHAN IF USED FOR A DISEASE THAT AFFECTS MORE THAN 200,000 PERSONS IN THE UNITED
STATES BUT FOR WHICH THERE IS
NO REASONABLE EXPECTATION OF RECOVERING THE COST OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT. ORPHAN DRUGS ARE
OFTEN QUITE EXPENSIVE
CHAPTERS 1-23 GRADED A+
,CONTENTS
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY.............................. 3
CHAPTER 02: PRINCIPLES OF DRUG ACTION ...................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 03: ADMINISTRATION OF AEROSOLIZED AGENTS ............................................... 38
CHAPTER 04: CALCULATING DRUG DOSES ......................................................................... 64
CHAPTER 05: CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS ........................................... 73
CHAPTER 06: ADRENERGIC (SYMPATHOMIMETIC) BRONCHODILATORS ............................. 92
CHAPTER 7: ANTICHOLINERGIC (PARASYMPATHOLYTIC) BRONCHODILATORS .................. 116
CHAPTER 08: XANTHINES................................................................................................. 127
CHAPTER 09: MUCUS-CONTROLLING DRUG THERAPY ...................................................... 141
CHAPTER 10: SURFACTANT AGENTS ................................................................................. 162
CHAPTER 11: CORTICOSTEROIDS IN RESPIRATORY CARE................................................... 177
CHAPTER 12: NONSTEROIDAL ANTIASTHMA AGENTS ....................................................... 211
CHAPTER 13: AEROSOLIZED ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS ....................................................... 224
CHAPTER 14: ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ............................................................................ 238
CHAPTER 15: COLD AND COUGH AGENTS......................................................................... 255
CHAPTER 16: SELECTED AGENTS OF PULMONARY VALUE ................................................. 270
CHAPTER 17: NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC AEROSOLIZED DRUG THERAPY ......................... 283
CHAPTER 18: SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS (NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS)...... 291
CHAPTER 19: DIURETIC AGENTS ....................................................................................... 309
CHAPTER 20: DRUGS AFFECTING THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ................................... 323
CHAPTER 21: VASOPRESSORS, INOTROPES, AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS ................... 338
CHAPTER 22: DRUGS AFFECTING CIRCULATION: ANTIHYPERTENSIVES, ANTIANGINALS, .... 356
ANTITHROMBOTIC .......................................................................................................... 356
CHAPTER 23: SLEEP AND SLEEP PHARMACOLOGY............................................................. 374
,CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION TO RESPIRATORY CARE PHARMACOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. THE LISTING OF A DRUG AND THE AMOUNT OF DRUG ARE FOUND IN WHICH PART OF A PRESCRIPTION?
a. SUPERSCRIPTION
b. INSCRIPTION
c. SUBSCRIPTION
d. TRANSCRIPTION (SIGNATURE)
ANS:B
THE SUPERSCRIPTION DIRECTS THE PHARMACIST TO TAKE THE DRUG LISTED AND PREPARE THE
MEDICATION; THE INSCRIPTION LISTS
THE NAME AND QUANTITY OF THE DRUG BEING PRESCRIBED; THE SUBSCRIPTION PROVIDES
DIRECTIONS TO THE PHARMACIST FOR
PREPARING THE MEDICATION; AND THE TRANSCRIPTION, OR SIGNATURE, IS THE INFORMATION THE
PHARMACIST WRITES ON THE
LABEL AS INSTRUCTIONS TO THE
PATIENT. REF: P. 7
2. IF GENERIC SUBSTITUTION IS PERMITTED ON A PRESCRIPTION:
a. DRUG FROM ONLY ONE MANUFACTURER MUST BE GIVEN.
b. DRUG FORMULATION MAY BE CHANGED BY THE PHARMACIST.
c. ANY MANUFACTURED BRAND OF THE DRUG LISTED MAY BE GIVEN.
d. DRUG STRENGTH MAY BE CHANGED BY THE PHARMACIST.
ANS:C
A GENERIC SUBSTITUTION ALLOWS ANY BRAND OF A DRUG TO BE GIVEN, BUT THE PHARMACIST MAY NOT
CHANGE A DRUG
FORMULATION WITHOUT SPECIFIC PERMISSION FROM THE PRESCRIBING PHYSICIAN. A PHYSICIAN CAN
INDICATE TO THE
PHARMACIST THAT GENERIC SUBSTITUTION IS PERMITTED IN THE FILLING OF THE PRESCRIPTION. IN SUCH A
CASE, THE PHARMACIST
MAY PROVIDE ANY MANUFACTURER’S VERSION OF THE PRESCRIBED DRUG, RATHER THAN A SPECIFIC
BRAND. HOWEVER,
THE
,PHARMACIST MAY NOT CHANGE THE STRENGTH OF A DRUG WITHOUT SPECIFIC PERMISSION FROM
THE PRESCRIBING PHYSICIAN.
REF: P. 8
3. THE STUDY OF DRUGS, INCLUDING THEIR ORIGIN, PROPERTIES, AND INTERACTIONS WITH LIVING
ORGANISMS, IS KNOWN AS
a. PHARMACOGENETICS.
b. PHARMACOLOGY.
c. THERAPEUTICS.
d. TOXICOLOGY.
ANS:B
PHARMACOGENETICS IS THE STUDY OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF GENETIC DIFFERENCES AND DRUG
EFFECTS.
PHARMACOLOGY IS
THE STUDY OF DRUGS (CHEMICALS), INCLUDING THEIR ORIGIN, PROPERTIES, AND INTERACTIONS WITH
LIVING ORGANISMS.
THERAPEUTICS IS THE ART OF TREATING DISEASE WITH DRUGS. TOXICOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF TOXIC
SUBSTANCES AND THEIR
PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS, INCLUDING ANTIDOTES AND
POISON CONTROL. REF: P. 3
4. THE BRAND NAME GIVEN TO A DRUG BY A PARTICULAR MANUFACTURER IS KNOWN AS THE DRUG’S
a. CHEMICAL NAME.
b. GENERIC NAME. C. OFFICIAL NAME. D. TRADE NAME.
ANS:D
THE CHEMICAL NAME INDICATES THE DRUG’S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE. THE GENERIC NAME IS ASSIGNED BY
THE UNITED
STATES
ADOPTED NAME COUNCIL AND IS USUALLY BASED LOOSELY ON THE DRUG’S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE.
THE OFFICIAL NAME IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE GENERIC NAME ONCE A DRUG BECOMES FULLY
APPROVED FOR GENERAL USE AND IS ADMITTED TO THE
UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA–NATIONAL FORMULARY. THE TRADE NAME IS THE BRAND, OR
PROPRIETARY, NAME GIVEN BY A
PARTICULAR MANUFACTURER. FOR EXAMPLE, THE GENERIC DRUG ALBUTEROL IS CURRENTLY
MARKETED BY SCHERING- PLOUGH AS
PROVENTIL
® AND BY GLAXOSMITHKLINE AS VENTOLIN
,®.
REF: P. 5
5. TO FIND OFFICIAL INFORMATION ABOUT DRUGS (ACCORDING TO THE FDA), YOU NEED TO GO TO THE
a. PHYSICIAN’S DESK REFERENCE (PDR).
b. BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.
c. UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA–NATIONAL FORMULARY (USP-NF).
d. GOODMAN & GILMAN’S THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS.
ANS:C
BECAUSE THE PDR IS PREPARED BY DRUG MANUFACTURERS THEMSELVES, IT MAY BE LACKING IN
OBJECTIVITY. BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY COVERS ONLY GENERAL PHARMACOLOGIC
PRINCIPLES AND DRUG CLASSES. GOODMAN &
GILMAN’S
THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS COVERS ONLY GENERAL PHARMACOLOGIC
PRINCIPLES AND DRUG CLASSES. THE
USP-NF IS A BOOK OF STANDARDS CONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT MEDICATIONS, DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS, AND MEDICAL
DEVICES. THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) CONSIDERS THIS BOOK THE OFFICIAL
STANDARD FOR DRUGS MARKETED IN THE UNITED STATES.
REF: P. 5
6. DRUGS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SOURCES?
a. PLANTS
b. ANIMALS
c. MINERALS
d. PLANTS, ANIMALS, AND MINERALS
ANS:D
DRUGS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM PLANTS (E.G., DIGITALIS), ANIMALS (E.G., INSULIN), AND MINERALS (E.G.,
MAGNESIUM SULFATE).
REF: P. 5
7. THE BRANCH OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PROCESS OF APPROVING DRUGS
FOR CLINICAL USE IS THE
a. USAN COUNCIL.
, b. FDA.
c. USP-NF.
d. PDR.
ANS:B
THE UNITED STATES ADOPTED NAME (USAN) COUNCIL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSIGNING A GENERIC
NAME TO A CHEMICAL
THAT APPEARS TO HAVE THERAPEUTIC USE. THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) IS
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
PROCESS OF APPROVING DRUGS FOR CLINICAL USE. THE PROCESS BY WHICH A CHEMICAL MOVES FROM THE
STATUS OF A
PROMISING POTENTIAL DRUG TO ONE FULLY APPROVED BY THE FDA FOR GENERAL CLINICAL USE IS,
ON AVERAGE, LONG, COSTLY,
AND COMPLEX. COST ESTIMATES VARY, BUT IN THE 1980S IT TOOK AN AVERAGE OF 13 TO 15 YEARS
FROM CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS TO MARKETING APPROVAL BY THE FDA, WITH A COST OF $350 MILLION IN
THE UNITED STATES.
THE USP-NF IS A BOOK
OF STANDARDS FOR MEDICATIONS, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND MEDICAL DEVICES. THE PDR IS A SOURCE
OF DRUG INFORMATION PREPARED BY DRUG MANUFACTURERS.
REF: P. 4
8. AN ORPHAN DRUG IS A DRUG THAT IS
a. USED FOR RARE DISEASE.
b. USED FOR COMMON DISEASE.
c. INEXPENSIVE TO PRODUCE.
d. NOT CLAIMED BY A DRUG MANUFACTURER.
ANS:A
AN ORPHAN DRUG IS A DRUG OR BIOLOGIC PRODUCT FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT OF A RARE
DISEASE. RARE IS DEFINED AS
A DISEASE THAT AFFECTS LESS THAN 200,000 PERSONS IN THE UNITED STATES. ALTERNATIVELY, A
DRUG MAY BE DESIGNATED AS
AN ORPHAN IF USED FOR A DISEASE THAT AFFECTS MORE THAN 200,000 PERSONS IN THE UNITED
STATES BUT FOR WHICH THERE IS
NO REASONABLE EXPECTATION OF RECOVERING THE COST OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT. ORPHAN DRUGS ARE
OFTEN QUITE EXPENSIVE
