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gezondheidspsychologie samenvatting

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Samenvatting van 65 pagina's voor het vak Gezondheidspsychologie aan de KU Leuven

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Gezondheidspsychologie
LES 1: SLAAP EN SLAAPSTOORNISSEN
1. Slaap
1.1. Wat is slaap?
• ≠ uur tot uur
• ≠ nacht tot nacht
• ≠ leeftijd tot leeftijd
• ≠ persoon tot persoon

1.1. Structuur van slaap
Slaaparchitectuur (slaapopdeling tijdens de nacht
• Stadium 0: Wakkere toestand (5%)
• Stadium 1: Overgangsperiode (2-5%)
• Stadium 2: Lichte slaap (45-55%) = nREM
• Stadium 3 : Begin diepe slaap (3-8%)
• Stadium 4:Diepe slaap (15-20%)
• Stadium 5:Droomslaap (20-25%) = REM

Lichte slaap: snelle hersengolven
Diepe slaap: trage hersengolven (passief: zorgt ervoor dat
we onze dromen niet gaan uitvoeren)
REM-slaap = paradoxale slaap
Polysomnografie: instrument om de hersenactivitieit te
meten tijdens de slaap




 1 slaapcyclus: lichte slaap -> diepe slaap -> lichte slaap -> REM slaap (80-
110min)
 4 à 5 slaapcycli per nacht
 Begin van de nacht: diepe slaap = kernslaap

,  Tweede deel van de nacht: lichte/REM slaap = restslaap (emotioneel
evenwicht)

1.1. Functie van slaap
 Cognitief functioneren
o Alertheid
o Concentratie
o Geheugen
 Emotionele gezondheid
Stemming
Prikkelbaar
 Fysieke gezondheid

NREM -> LICHAAM
• Metabole veranderingen
Doel: ENERGIEBEZUINIGING
• Hormonale veranderingen
Doel: HERSTEL
o ↑ weefselopbouwende hormonen (groeihormoon)
o ↓ weefselafbrekende hormonen (adrenaline en cortisol)
o …
• Immunologische veranderingen (Ab)
Doel: WEERBAARHEID

REM -> GEEST
• Informatieverwerking
o Opslaan en integreren van belangrijke informatie
o Verwijderen van onbelangrijke informatie
o Consolidatie van geheugenmateriaal
• Emotioneel evenwicht

1.1. Slaapregulerende processen
• S-proces: Slaaphomeostase ~ slaapdruk (hoe langer je wakker bent, hoe meer
slaapdruk)
• C-proces: Circadiaan systeem (temperatuur, melatonine ,cortisol, groeihormoon) ~
biologische klok
Melatonine ↑ -> slaapdruk ↑ (licht -> melatonine↘ -> minder slaperig)

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