NSG 530 / NSG 530 EXAM 3
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
LATEST GUIDE 2025/2026 GRADED
A+ .
,1. A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. What
type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir CORRECT ANSWERS B) Struvite
2. A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor mus- cle. Which condition is associated
with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma CORRECT ANSWERS A) Spinal cord injury
3. Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. CORRECT ANSWERS B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
4. A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria in the urine.What is the
appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria CORRECT ANSWERS B) Pyelonephritis
5. With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
, C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella CORRECT ANSWERS C) Group A Streptococcus
6. A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema and vitamin D deficiency.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis CORRECT ANSWERS Nephrotic syndrome
7. A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis. Which term is
the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction CORRECT ANSWERS Epispadias
8. A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. What is the renal
manifestation associated with this presenta- tion?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis CORRECT ANSWERS Potter syndrome
9. A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis.Which state- ment regarding this child's acute
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. CORRECT ANSWERS The exact mechanism of immune
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
LATEST GUIDE 2025/2026 GRADED
A+ .
,1. A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. What
type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir CORRECT ANSWERS B) Struvite
2. A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor mus- cle. Which condition is associated
with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma CORRECT ANSWERS A) Spinal cord injury
3. Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. CORRECT ANSWERS B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
4. A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria in the urine.What is the
appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria CORRECT ANSWERS B) Pyelonephritis
5. With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
, C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella CORRECT ANSWERS C) Group A Streptococcus
6. A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema and vitamin D deficiency.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis CORRECT ANSWERS Nephrotic syndrome
7. A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis. Which term is
the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction CORRECT ANSWERS Epispadias
8. A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. What is the renal
manifestation associated with this presenta- tion?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis CORRECT ANSWERS Potter syndrome
9. A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis.Which state- ment regarding this child's acute
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. CORRECT ANSWERS The exact mechanism of immune
